Volume 13 | Issue 1

 Abstract

The study examines the level of psychological well being and investigate the relationship of psychological well being and academic achievement. A survey of 484 students from CBSE and UP board schools in Varanasi revealed a significant association between psychological well being and academic achievement. The study suggests that most of the students have average level of psychological well being and psychological well being and academic achievement have positive correlation. The study suggests that psychological well being is a major factor for student's academic success.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key words: Psychological well being, academic achievement.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper presents an automation of Kannada numerical handwritten word recognition system in that main challenge is recognition of handwritten words. The identification of Kannada handwritten words plays an important role because in Kannada script many words have a same size and same shape. The recognition of Kannada handwritten words is an important application in number plates, banks and other organizations. In this work we consider dataset contains 50 documents for each documents contains the 0-9 Kannada handwritten words 10 classes. Here we extracting the two different types of feature namely Gabor and LPBV (local binary pattern variance). The effect of each feature and their Combination in the words and signature classification is analyzed using the K-nearest neighbour classifiers. It is common to combine multiple categories of features into a single feature vector for the classification and also we apply the dimensionality reduction technique. Calculated Classification results based on feature extraction methods, varying the K values and randomly splitting the testing and training samples.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords Gabor, local binary pattern, Local binary pattern variance, K-nearest neighbour, Dimensionality.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The advancement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), particularly small-scale UAVs, has accelerated across industries such as surveillance, agriculture, and environmental monitoring. These UAVs rely heavily on sophisticated control systems, integrating hardware and software to enable stability, navigation, and autonomous functions. However, the design and implementation of such systems pose challenges due to the trade-offs between weight, power efficiency, and system reliability. This paper synthesizes findings from three recent research studies on UAV control systems. The first study presents a hybrid GPS-vision-based tracking system for multi-rotor UAVs, focusing on improving target tracking accuracy using CamShift and GPS data fusion. The second study explores reinforcement learning-based autonomous landing mechanisms for multi-copter UAVs, emphasizing AI-driven decision-making in real-time control environments. The third study details a hardware design for small UAVs, outlining the importance of low-power, high-reliability components in flight control systems. The hybrid tracking system demonstrated significant improvements in tracking accuracy by combining GPS and vision-based algorithms, offering resilience against the limitations of either method. The reinforcement learning approach for autonomous landing was found to significantly reduce the computational load while maintaining precision, proving beneficial in dynamic environments. The hardware design study validated the practicality of lightweight control systems, achieving efficient flight control with minimal power consumption in experimental flight tests. Advances in UAV control systems, especially the integration of AI for autonomous decision-making and the development of compact, efficient hardware, have paved the way for more versatile and reliable UAVs. Future research should focus on enhancing real-time control mechanisms and improving the power-to-performance ratio of flight control systems. The potential for further miniaturization and intelligent system integration will enable wider adoption of UAVs across diverse applications.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

UAV, Control Systems, GPS-vision Fusion, Reinforcement Learning, Flight Hardware Design.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

As a successor of Bharatiya, we can song in praise of our ancestral treasures of knowledge. Ancient Bharaiya Jnana is the vast strong box of wisdom and understanding. We have been amassed over thousands of years. It holds immense importance in Indian culture and spirituality. It has a scientific base and holds a significant value in contemporary Education due to their unvarying principles, holistic approach and potential to address modern challenges. From Vedic age to Gen-Alpha, Guru placed a pivotal role in our society. Ancient Indian philosophies and practices focused on the 'Guru-Shishya Parampara'. Standing on the 21st century, Quality Teacher Education and a healthy teacher- Student relationship are also carrying a focal point of our education system. To enhance the quality of teacher's skill, NEP 2020 has taken different types of initiatives for teachers. To give a proper shape in teaching qualities NPST also play a vital role. To emphasize the importance of Teacher Education NEP 2020 also incorporate the Indian ethos, culture and rich treasures of knowledge highlighting the new arena 'Indian Knowledge System' or 'Bharatiya Jnana Parampara'. In this paper it is highlighted the reflection of Bharatiya Jnana Parampara on the competency, commitment and performance based modern Teacher Education.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bharatiya Jnana Parampara, Archetype, Modern Teacher Education, NEP 2020, NPST

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The paper focus on student's engagement. The degree of energy, responsibility and passion associated to work they do is called employee engagement. To understand how students can be motivated to learning is the main agenda of the study. Students have many distraction in young age so to understand what are the motiving reason for studies .The primary and secondary data is used in preparing the paper. Google forms are used to collect data. 95 convenient samples are used in the paper. MBA student from Bangalore are taken. To know about motiving reason for learning. Percentage analysis is used to analyze the data. The results indicate that Positive environment, learning Favorite subject, effective teaching, Lecturing and PPTs method of teaching and good friends in college motivate students to keep engaged in learning.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Students, engagement, learning, Lecturing and PPTs.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The government of India Act 1935 becomes a big constitutional reform enacted by the British Parliament with 451 clauses and 15 schedules. The Act granted provincial autonomy, increased the citizens to 10%, and created a Federal court. It brought elected legislatures and Indian ministers but retained key powers for the British Crown and Governor-popular, inclusive of manage over defence, foreign affairs, and veto authority. these boundaries fuelled the demand for full independence. The authorities of India Act of 1935 established an All-India Federation, provincial autonomy, and bicameral legislatures, which extended local power. despite those modifications, the vital authorities remained under British control, and the Act turned into enforced in April 1937. The Indian Independence Act 1947 turned into an act of the United Kingdom Parliament that divided British India into two new unbiased dominions, India and Pakistan. The Act changed into handed within the British Parliament on July 5, 1947, and obtained Royal Assent on July 18, 1947. Modern-day-day India and Pakistan, such as the West (present day-day Pakistan) and East (modern-day-day Bangladesh) areas, had been hooked up on August 15, 1947.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

India Act 1935, Indian Independence Act 1947, Communal Award, Mountbatten Plan, Decolonization.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This literature review explores the applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in drone technology, highlighting significant advancements and emerging trends across various sectors. Analyzing a broad spectrum of studies, this review categorizes AI applications into key areas: autonomous navigation, real-time data processing, and machine learning-driven analytics. In military operations, AI enhances surveillance capabilities and target recognition, while in agriculture, drones equipped with AI optimize crop monitoring and pest management. Environmental monitoring applications demonstrate AI's role in habitat conservation and disaster response. The review also addresses challenges such as data privacy, regulatory compliance, and the ethical implications of autonomous decision- making. By synthesizing current research, this study aims to inform future developments and applications of AI in drone technology, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches to overcome existing barriers and maximize potential benefits.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence (AI), Drone Technology, Autonomous Navigation, Machine Learning, Environmental Monitoring.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Hydrogels are versatile, three-dimensional polymeric networks capable of absorbing significant amounts of water while maintaining structural integrity. First introduced by Wichterle and Lim in 1960, these materials possess biocompatibility, flexibility, and responsiveness to environmental stimuli such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength. Hydrogels are classified based on their origin (natural, synthetic, or hybrid), polymer composition, biodegradability, cross-linking type, and other characteristics. They are synthesized through chemical or physical cross-linking, offering a range of properties such as high swelling capacity, mechanical strength, and adaptability to biomedical applications. Applications of hydrogels span drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. They serve as carriers for controlled drug release via oral, transdermal, ocular, and injectable routes. In tissue engineering, hydrogels mimic extracellular matrices, promote cell proliferation, and enable sustained release of growth factors. Additionally, hydrogels are employed in cancer treatment, contraceptive formulations, wound dressings, and ocular therapies. Innovations like stimuli-responsive hydrogels and nanotechnology integration have expanded their use in personalized medicine and soft robotics. Future prospects include hydrogen-based hydrogels for antioxidative therapies and advanced drug delivery mechanisms.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hydrogel, biocompatibility, drug delivery, stimuli-responsive, tissue engineering.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pes planus is a lowering of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot, often known as flat foot because the navicular bone moving inwards and downwards from the subtalar joint .In genu varum (bow leg), the Tibiofemoral angle is increased where as in genu valgum (knock knee) this angle is decreased. AIM: To study the effectiveness of foot strengthening exercises with kinesiotaping on tibiofemoral angle amongst college going students with flexible flat foot. METHODOLOGY: Participants were briefed about the nature of the study and intervention. Their informed written consent was taken. 59 participants were selected based on the selection criteria. Prior and after the treatment the outcome measures that is NDT And TFA measurement were taken. The intervention protocol was given for 5 days in a week for total four weeks. Statical analysis was done and results were tabulated. RESULT: Statistical analysis for group was done using by Wilcoxon test. kinesio taping along with strengthening exercises is having significant effects on NDT and TFA in flexible flat foot. The final analysis proves that it is clinically significant (p value is <0.05). It justifies the improvement in health outcome post intervention. CONCLUSION : The study concluded that the kinesio taping along with strengthening exercises are effective in flat foot with genu valgum subjects. So, it can be implemented clinically as well. Clinical Implication : Given the significant improvements in navicular drop and tibiofemoral angle measurements, clinicians can expect that implementing these interventions may lead to better alignment and function of the lower limbs, potentiall reducing the risk of knee and lower limb issues associated with pes planus,it may be beneficial for clinicians to incorporate this technique into rehabilitation programs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

ktaping, tibiofemoral angle , flexible flat foot, streghthening

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A lot of scholarly attention has been paid to the interplay between politics and bureaucracy. However, the political-administrative interaction in developing nations has received little attention in study, which has tended to concentrate only on wealthy institutionalized democracies. The relevance of interactions between politicians and bureaucrats is becoming more and more evident in the evidence on reform processes in developing countries. This study offers a methodical summary of the political-bureaucratic connection in developing nations, drawing from this work. Two contributions are made in this study. It begins by outlining four forms of political-bureaucratic relations--integrated, invasive, collusive, and collaborative--and providing examples of each. Second, it examines how nations might transition between several models of political-administrative relations and analyzes the key elements linked to each model. Therefore, the article offers a much-needed starting point for academics and development policymakers to get a deeper understanding of the dynamic between bureaucrats and politicians in developing nations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Politics,bureaucracy,interaction,institutionalized democracies,developing countries

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In recent times we see every other individual working hard to make a living. Some are entrepreneurs, others working in the public sector and some in the private sector. But what matters is not just the earning and living one is making through these jobs but also the satisfaction they receive from the jobs. Job satisfaction plays a very important role for a better life and well-being of an individual.This paper aims to find out the difference in job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing between male and female in the private sector of Jabalpur city. Two standardized questionnaires, i.e, Job Satisfaction Scale by Paul Spector and Psychological well-being Scale (short version)by Carol Ryff were taken to carry out the research.The sample included 170 Male and Female on the basis of random selection, their income range was from 15,000 to 35,000/- per month. Result reveals that although there's a difference between job satisfaction of both male and females, it affects the psychological well being of both genders equally which can be due to several underlying factors which is a matter of probe for further investigations.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Job satisfaction, Psychological well-being

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Forensic odontology plays a vital role in criminal investigations, disaster victim identification, and human rights abuse cases. Recent advances in forensic odontology have enhanced its capabilities in identification, analysis, and investigation. This review highlights the newer advances in forensic odontology, including DNA analysis, digital radiography, facial reconstruction, saliva analysis, and dental record management. The role of forensic odontology in crime scene investigation, mass disasters, and human identification is also discussed. The review emphasizes the importance of standardized procedures, accurate dental record-keeping, and collaboration between forensic odontologists and law enforcement agencies. The integration of newer technologies and techniques has improved the accuracy and efficiency of forensic odontology, making it a crucial tool in modern forensic science. Furthermore, the review explores the application of emerging technologies, such as 3D printing and artificial intelligence, in forensic odontology. The importance of maintaining accurate and comprehensive dental records, adhering to standardized procedures, and staying updated on the latest techniques and technologies is also stressed. Overall, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the newer advances in forensic odontology and their implications for the field.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Forensic Odontology , Dental Identification , DNA Analysis , Digital Radiography , Facial Reconstruction , Artificial Intelligence.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve. The optic nerve sends visual information from eye to brain and is vital for good vision.As this nerve gradually deteriorates, blind spots develop in vision and the nerve damage is usually related to increased pressure in the eye. Elevated eye pressure happens as the result of a buildup of fluid that flows throughout the inside of the eye. This fluid is also known as the aqueous humor. It usually drains through a tissue located at the angle where the iris and cornea meet. This tissue also is called the trabecular meshwork. The cornea is important to vision because it lets light into the eye. When the eye makes too much fluid or the drainage system doesn't work properly, eye pressure may increase. Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networks (SAGAN) is used in Glaucoma Detection that involves the capabilities of self-attention mechanisms to enhance feature extraction in medical imaging.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords-- SAGAN, Glaucoma.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

customer gets quiries get clarified by the chatbot by machine learning

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

machine learning , chatbot

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Vidhyarthiyo Ke Samayajan, Mansik Sawath ev Jivan Mulyo Me Paraspar Sambhand Ka Adhyayan

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Vidhyarthiyo Ke Samayajan, Mansik Sawath ev Jivan Mulyo Me Paraspar Sambhand Ka Adhyayan

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

By the seventeenth century usage, the region Coromandel embraced the coastlines of the modern states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and the southern tip of Orissa. During the 17th century at Coromandel the activities of the Europeans helped Indian merchants in expanding the trading relations of India with the West and other parts of the world. But, it was the community of the merchants which played a very significant role in monitoring the nature of commodities and other essential goods in the markets. With the growth of European port-settlements, we find a fundamental shift in the relations between merchants and political power and between merchants of the coast and their hinterland. Earlier the merchants operated freely in both segments. This was hampered due to several political, administrative and economic factors. The merchants became intermediaries for the companies with local powers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Coromandel, Merchant Communities, Ports, Martime trade, textile trade, south-east Asian nations,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract The thing about performance, even if it's only an illusion, is that it is a celebration of the fact that we do contain within ourselves infinite possibilities. ~ Sydney Smith The teacher education program aims at developing wisdom, knowledge, skills and attributes of pre-service teachers for preparing them to teach effectively in the school systems. Therefore, the academic program of the teacher education should be engaged with integral component of school based experiences i.e. practice teaching which provides student-teachers with supervised experiences and help the student- teachers to understand the full scope of role of teacher.. These experiences are very powerful in shaping pre-service teachers in their future teaching. After receiving the experiences in practice teaching, before entering into the real world of teaching. The student-teachers have to pass through the exit performance called as their annual lessons. In this exit performance their learnt experiences reflects and are supervised and examined too. As kaleidoscope operates on the principle of multiple reflection, With this context in this research paper the Exit Performance of student- teachers of their practice teaching in annual lessons is evaluated by various criterion with the analogy of mirrors reflected in kaleidoscope. The classroom practice as their external behavior along with their cognitive and affective understanding of pedagogy is evaluated by using evaluation rubric developed by the researcher. It analyses what ought to be and what is as their performance. The dimensions of Classroom practice before and in the classroom are supervised and are discussed with expected and performed behavior. The conclusion and discussion challenges to rethink about the student-teachers' understanding and performance at their Exit at pre-service level .

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Pre-service teaching, Exit Performance, Evaluation, Practice teaching,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Urban congestion presents one of the biggest problems to the emergency response system, especially in areas where hospitals are accessed by ambulances through complex routes, where congestion can delay reaching the hospital. Conventional strategies for traffic signal preemption and optimal routes use genetic algorithms and A* search, which are static methods and therefore not amenable to real-time traffic changes. This report explores an advanced approach to addressing congestion in ambulance traffic that uses machine learning. The approach makes a continuous consideration of optimizing route selection and signal timings dynamically. It integrates real-time data from IoT sensors, GPS, and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, enabling proactive decisions based on predictive models of traffic patterns, thereby adjusting the route and signal timings. The system utilizes machine learning models, reinforcement learning, and predictive analytics to continuously improve traffic management and reduce delays while optimizing emergency response times. This approach works through real-time adaptive control to optimize ambulance passage and the overall traffic flow that leads to quicker arrival times, reduces congestion, and promotes public safety. This paper focuses on how machine learning could help morph the urban traffic management systems and comes up with a scalable and efficient solution to the perennial urban problem, which paves the way for smarter, data-driven solutions in emergency services and urban mobility.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Urban congestion, Emergency response system, Ambulance traffic, Complex routes, Traffic signal preemption, Optimal routes ,Genetic algorithms, A* search, Real-time traffic changes, Machine learning ,IoT sensors ,GPS ,Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), Predictive models ,Traffic patterns, Reinforcement learning ,Predictive analytics ,Adaptive control ,Traffic management ,Emergency response times ,Public safety ,Urban traffic management systems, Scalable solutions, Data-driven solutions, Urban mobil

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The entry into the market of drone deliveries has challenged the logistics sector in a new and unprecedented way, offering at the top level the most possible efficiency, accessibility and sustainability of the movement of goods. This paper explores the evolution of drones from their origins in military and civilian applications to their integration into last-mile delivery services, healthcare, and rural logistics. Through analysis of current usage, the breakthrough development of drone technology, and synergy of drones combined with application of AI, IoT, and 5G networks, the study demonstrates the revolutionary function and reinvention of drones within the structure of global logistics. Although they are promising, drone delivery systems are confronted with several challenges, such as the highly regulated air traffic management, privacy issues, and technical constraints, including battery life and weather dependence. This study evaluates these hurdles alongside the environmental and economic implications, underscoring drones' capacity to reduce carbon footprints while presenting new economic opportunities. The examples, for instance, of Wing (DHL Parcelcopter) are some examples of best practice and what to take away, and demonstrate the case for scalable solutions. The controversy also inquiries into ethical principles and social/moral guidelines in respect to the ramifications of autonomous actions and ensures that they have fair, equitably equitable access to drone-based delivery services. Future wise, the paper suggests the new technologies and trends which will change the horizon of logistics. It ends with a list of recommendations for stakeholders in order to realize the dream of drone delivery despite the challenges of societal, legal, and technical issues. Based on the findings, attempts are made to guide policymakers, businesses and researchers toward a sustainable equitable future of this disruptive technology.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Drone Delivery, Logistics Innovation, Autonomous Aerial Vehicles, Sustainable Transportation

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Viral infections of the oral cavity typically present as ulcerations or blisters, posing diagnostic challenges in dental practice. Herpesviruses, herpes simplex virus, and other viral agents are responsible for primary oral lesions. Additionally, viruses such as HIV, varicella, and cytomegalovirus can affect the oral cavity due to immune system weakness. Notably, COVID-19 patients have also been reported to exhibit oral manifestations. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of viral infections affecting the oral cavity, highlighting their clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

viral infection , oral disease, ulcers, herpes

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition