Volume 6 | Issue 1

 Abstract

This Paper deals with the conversion of Plastic Wastes into alternative fuels. Waste Plastic from municipal solid waste were collected and were sorted based on their types like PET bottles, Polypropylene, Polystyrene, HDPE and LDPE. These Plastic wastes are graded and shredded and then heated in a closed chamber (Similar to a process called Pyrolysis) to attain temperatures up to 150-2000C. The Plastic waste is melted and gases produced at this temperature are condensed to liquid state. Both, Condensed and Uncondensed gases can be used as fuel to engines. The Fuel produced is tested for Viscosity and Calorific Value, and is compared with Gasoline and Diesel Fuel and the results Obtained are tabulated.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Plastic wastes, Alternative Fuel, Polystyrene, Pyrolysis, Thermal Cracking and Calorific Value

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Turbocharger, thermal stresses and thermo-mechanical fatigue life

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper, analysis is carried on extended surfaces, which are commonly used to enhance convection heat transfer in a wide range of engineering applications. The conception of introducing perforations on the lateral surface of fin is to enhance heat transfer rate effectively. This analysis helps in deciding the optimal geometry and configuration of perforations on the surface of the fin. Finely perforated aluminum (k=210W/mK), copper (k=410W/mK) fins are selected for investigation because both has higher thermal conductivities and are predominantly used in heat transfer applications.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Heat transfer, heat transfer coefficient, temperature, fins, and perforations

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

: A colloidal mixture of Nano fluid particles in a base fluid is called Nano fluid which is a new generation of Heat transfer fluid for various heat transfer applications. This paper analyses and summarizes the various factors affecting Nano-fluid thermal performance such as particle size, fluid type, temperature, volume concentration, PH, particle shape and the latest developments regarding the mechanisms that influences the enhancement of Heat transfer by using Nano fluids.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nano fluid, Thermal conductivity, Brownian motion

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper, isolated Diesel generator set is integrated with static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) for harmonics elimination, reactive power compensation and injection of active power. The control of scheme of DSTATCOM is derived from instantaneous reactive power theory. The dc bus voltage is regulated to constant value with proportional integral (PI) controller of DSTATCOM. The controlling pulses DSTATCOM is carried out with hysteresis controller. The overall system consisting of DG set, DSTATCOM and nonlinear load simulation is carried out with MATLAB environment using Simulink and power system block-set toolboxes. The MATLAB modeling is performed for a synchronous generator coupled to a diesel engine, along with the three-leg VSC working as a PV-DSTATCOM. The simulated responses of PV-DSTATCOM with DG set are presented to verify the effectiveness of the control of PV-DSTATCOM for the compensation harmonics, reactive power and active injection without separate DSTATCOM.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

DSTATCOM, MPPT,harmonics, reactive power.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper deals with the design and implementation of variable hysteresis band voltage controller based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The aim of variable hysteresis band voltage controller is overcomes the major drawbacks in fixed hysteresis band voltage controller i.e., uneven stress on switches due to large ripples in filter currents and variation in switching frequency can be eliminated by using variable hysteresis band control scheme. The performance of the variable hysteresis band voltage controller based DVR depends on the values of system parameters and components and injects appropriate compensated voltages into the system and regulates the load voltages. The DVR is to mitigate all typical voltage related problems at the distribution system load center like voltage sag, voltage swell, voltage harmonics and interruptions etc. The compensation capability of this proposed topology is analyzed based on simulation studies and corresponding results are compared with different switching control strategies

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Power Quality (PQ), Fixed Hysteresis Band Controller (FHBC), Variable hysteresis band Controller (VHBC), Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The five level inverter is most widely used inverter in medium and high voltage applications, since it has many advantages and easy to develop when compared to higher level(7 or 9) inverters. There are several modulation techniques and most popular among them is Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation.(SPWM). There are different Sinusoidal Pulse width Modulation techniques such as In Phase Disposition(IPD), Anti Phase Disposition(APD), Phase Opposition Disposition(POD), Phase shift(PS), Anti-Phase Shift(APS), Variable Frequency(VF), Anti-Variable Frequency(AVF) and Carrier Overlap(CO)The THD of different Sinusoidal Pulse width Modulation techniques are found as carrier frequency is varied and compared .

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

five level inverter, modulation technique, pulse width modulation, phase disposition, phase shift, variable frequency.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Simulation, Photovoltaic, MATLAB/SIMULINK

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Three phase Induction motors especially multiphase motor drives has proved to be much efficient for high power drives application such as Electric vehicles/Hybrid Electric vehicles. In this paper a simulated Electric Vehicle (EV) with four-wheel-drive with Electronic Differential System (EDS) is presented. The Electric Vehicle (EV) is controlled with five phase induction motor and the EDS distributes torque and power to each in-wheel motor according to the requirements, adapts the speed of motor to the driving conditions and simulates the behavior of a differential. The working conditions including the condition of the vehicle with the constant speed, accelerating and decelerating are studied , and the control strategy of the EDS for the vehicle with four in-wheel motors is designed and simulated. The simulation with Matlab/Simulink is made and the results are verified with the rationality of the EDS controller, and proved that the system has more favorable dynamic performance.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Eletric Vehicle, Electronic Differential System

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Teachers learning based optimization (TLBO),Valve-point loading effects,non-convex optimization.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This paper presents an efficient approach to estimate the thermal power plant fuel cost parameter which are usually modeled as a polynomial of desired order. The accuracy of parameters of fuel cost is in turn influences the economic load dispatch (ELD) where cost function of fuel is to be minimized. The fuel cost polynomial parameters in this paper are obtained first by popularly used and industry adopted Least square estimation method. Upon observing the local optimality of error by LSE this paper proposes a simple geometry based, non-stochastic and derivative free optimization, known as Nelder-Mead (NM) to further reduce the absolute error by LSE. This approach LSE-NM is tested on different fuel costs such as coal, oil and gas for obtaining parameters of polynomial which results in global minimum error between practical data points and mathematical model. The global optimality for situation considered is confirmed upon comparison with global optimizers such as Particle swarm optimization(PSO) and Ant Bee colony(ABC). The prime requirements of reliability of estimated parameters and time of computation along with global optimality is possible by LSE-NM for ELD parameter estimation.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Nelder-Mead, parameter estimation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this paper a new Quasi-Z-Source Modified Cascaded Multilevel Inverter with Half-Bridge Cell is presented and proved to be advantageous over conventional Cascaded Multilevel Inverter with voltage boost ability and reduced switches. The proposed topology is comprised of cascaded auxiliary units and a full H-bridge inverter, where the auxiliary unit includes half bridge cell with quasi Z Source network. With quasi Z Source network shoot-through state control, the output voltage amplitude can be boosted, which is not limited to DC source voltage summation similar to conventional cascaded Multilevel Inverter. The performance parameters of quasi Z Source Modified Cascaded Multilevel Inverter with various multicarrier PWM control methods are analyzed with simulation results and portrayed here.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CHB, MLI, SPWM

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Power flow computation of a distribution system is very important for the system operation, reconfiguration and for placing the FACTS devices. This paper presents a development of distribution Power System of Radial Distribution Network with laterals Load Flow Analysis tool based on the Tellegen theorem based method by using a User Friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI) Matlab Program. This tool introduces a simple interface for the user to perform load flow analysis. It is also designed for a user to view power flow results for each iteration and thus will facilitate especially undergraduate electrical students to verify their manual calculation of load flow solution. By just point and click, the students will easily get the required solution. The load flow tool is evaluated by solving the load flow of several test systems and the GUI tool gives the complete Voltage Profile and Power Losses in the system.The well proved Tellegen theorem is used to obtain the load flow solution of Radial Distribution Network. 12.6KV Distribution system for 12, 28, 33 and 69 bus system..The result shows that all the answers displayed in GUI for every required calculation steps for Tellegen theorem based load flow are successfully verified with the manual calculation Thus, this tool helps student and lecturer to learn and verify their manual calculation and at the same time reduce their calculation time.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

GUI(Graphical User Interface) tool ; Radial Distribution Network; Tellegen theorem.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Health Life Balance, Working Women, Data Mining(DM), CBR (Case Based Reasoning), RBR(Rule Based Reasoning), IDSS(Integrated Decision Support Systems)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Network is a collection of wireless mobile devices with restricted broadcast range and resources. Communication is achieved by relaying data along appropriate routes that are dynamically discovered and maintained through collaboration between nodes. Discovery of such routes is a major task, both from efficiency and security point of view. Due to MANET characteristics security is a key issue in ad hoc networks In this paper, we proposed a method SDE (Secure Dynamic Encryption) based on asymmetric key and dynamic encryption for the OLSR protocol. SDE-OLSR aims to enhance the security against all kinds of attacks without having impact on the performance of the network. This proposed SDE_OLSR is compared with OLSR protocol in different modes such as normal mode, attack mode to evaluate the efficiency of SDE-OLSR in MANET. This empirical results shows the increase of packet delivery rate (PDR) is by 23 % and reduction in delay by 27 %.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

OLSR, security, cryptography, dynamic keys, performance

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

MANET is a set of ad-hoc wireless devices with limited broadcast orbit and resources. Communication is accomplished by relaying data along suitable routes that are dynamically determined and preserved through collaboration between the nodes. Find of such routes is a principal task, both from efficiency and security point of aspects. This paper presents an efficient and secure routing, based on asymmetric authentication using Approach of Reciprocity Key (AKR). The proposed mechanism ensures secure routing by also taking the Quality of Service (QoS) in MANETs and minimizes the network overhead. The AKR performance can be efficaciously used to create a new routing protocol for Mobile Adhoc Networks which will provide maximum security against all kinds of attacks. In this paper, AKR is compared with other secure routing protocols like TWOACK, and AODV, to evaluate the efficiency of AKR in Ad Hoc Networks. The empirical results show that there is an increase of 22% packet delivery ratio and a decrease of 9% routing overhead.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

MANETs, AKR, Security, Routing, key

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

RMS Titanic sinking is one of the most infamous shipwrecks in history. During its maiden voyage, the Titanic sank after colliding with an iceberg, killed many passengers including crew. This sensational tragedy shocked the international community and led to better safety regulations for ships. One of the reasons that the shipwreck led to such loss of life was that there were not enough lifeboats for the passengers and crew. Although there was some element of luck involved in surviving the sinking, some groups of people were more likely to survive than others, such as women, children, and the upper-class. In this paper we are going to make the predictive analysis of what sorts of people were likely to survive and using some tools in machine learning to predict which passengers survived the tragedy.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Machine learning, Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Feature Engineering, Titanic Dataset

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is featured by multi-hop wireless connectivity with topology change due to highly mobile stations with autonomous configuration ability. Therefore, it is very challenging to develop vibrant and resourceful routing Protocol for MANET which also performs excellent routing with security feasibility. This paper presents a detailed study and analysis of various routing issues faced by protocols, and it also discusses the improved methods proposed by many researchers to solve these problems during routing up to some extent considering multiple parameters. This survey also offers a brief comparative analysis of prominent protocols which are proposed by eminent researchers considering the average delay and packet delivery ratio as network performance parameters.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

MANET, Delay, QoS, Throughput

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Color vision lack is the powerlessness to separate between the hues. It influences around 1 out of 12 men and 1 of every 200 ladies on the planet. In India around 7.5% individuals are influenced by color vision in adequacy. Deficiency of color keenness makes numerous issues for the partially blind individuals, from everyday activities to training. Color vision insufficiency, transcendently caused by inherited reasons, while, in some uncommon cases, is accepted to be gained by neurological wounds. A color vision lacking will pass up a major opportunity certain basic data show in the picture or video. However, with the guide of Image handling, numerous strategies have been produced that can alter the picture and subsequently making it appropriate for review by the individual experiencing CVD. This paper investigates a portion of the past research in this field and gives the best strategy for alteration of Images for the individuals who are experiencing Dichromacy. This paper incorporates three Algorithms LMS Daltonization, RGB color contrast upgrade and Lab color contrast and recommends an alternate system which works effectively than the past Algorithms.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Color vision deficiency, LMS Daltonization, RGB Color contrast, Lab Color correction, Dichromacy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

NLP, SVM, MLP, Naive Bayes, Random Forest(RF)

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition