Volume 12 | Issue 1

 Abstract

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), is an incredibly rare neurological disorder that affects motor neurons, which are nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movement. The first reported case of ALS was 200 years ago by Charles Bell. There are two kinds of ALS. The etiologic and neuropathologic process of ALS was elucidated. Neuronal degeneration is the major mechanism. Mutation of various genes is its genetic contribution. Risk factors including smoking, diet and balanced weight plays a crucial role in ALS. Symptoms of ALS from the early stage to the life threatening is explained. ALS is diagnosed by diagnostic criteria. The only treatment option in ALS is riluzole and others are symptomatic management.

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Amyotropic lateral sclerosis, Etiology, Neuropathology, Risk factors, Treatment

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In the complex tapestry of classroom instruction, emotions play an important part in shaping the learning experience. Among the many emotional phenomena that occur in the classroom, emotional cascading stands out as a powerful force capable of causing a ripple effect that impacts every student and teacher. This phenomenon is based on the notion of social contagion, in which one person's emotions can spread quickly through a group, influencing the overall emotional temperature of the classroom. Emotional cascade is a subtle but powerful force that permeates the dynamics of classroom instruction. It is based on the premise that emotions are contagious, and that individuals in a group subconsciously mimic and synchronize their emotional states with those around them. This process can be positive or negative, influencing the emotional landscape of the learning environment.

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Emotional Cascading, Classroom Teaching, Ripple Effect

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??????- ???? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??, ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??-??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??????????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??| ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??|

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??????? (??,????) ?? ???? ????????? ?? ??????

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Footwear & Footwear Sector has been identified as one among the 12 focus sectors by Government of India holding a prominent place in the Indian economy. This industry is among the top ten earners of foreign exchange for the country. The country produces around 13% of the total Footwear production in the world. India is also the second-largest producer and consumer of Footwear footwear. The contribution of Footwear industry in creating employment has been tremendous providing jobs to almost 4.42 million people, mostly from the weaker sections of society. The present paper analyses and examines the financial performance of selected Indian Footwear manufacturing companies listed in India on the data collected for a period of 10 years (2013 to 2022) and establishes a linear relationship between liquidity, performance and profitability using several accounting ratios and statistical tools like ANOVA & CAGR.

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Footwear Companies, Ratios, Liquidity & Profitability Analysis, ANOVA, CAGR

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This paper mainly focuses of the Indian scenario system. Gender discrimination is the question here.The word 'gender' refers to the socio-economic definition of man and woman - the way societies distinguish men and women and assign social roles to them. The distinction between genders was introduced to deal with the general tendency to attribute women's subordination to their anatomy.The reality of gender inequality in India, origin of gender inequality and how to deactivate it are discussed in this paper. Gender-based inequalities in India translate into greater importance being placed on the health and empowerment of males than of females. In India, health and population indicators that are driven by gender differences include sex ratios at birth, infant and child mortality by sex, and low ages at marriage for women. Main objectives of the studies are To analyze the status of different states regarding gender discrimination To provide reasons and facts of Gender discrimination. To suggest measures to reduce gender discrimination in India. Methodology of the study was a theoretical research paper, where secondary information produced by different authors and researchers has been used. For obtaining necessary information, various booksmagazines, journals, periodicals and different websites have been explored by the researcher which has been mentioned in the reference section. At the household level, dis-empowerment of women results in less access to education, employment, and income, and power and freedom of movement. Considering all these fact, India and its society has a mammoth task of empowering women to provide them the basic needs and to prepare them for a safe and productive future.

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Women in India, Gender Inequality in India, Modern India Problem

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Abstract: The standard of living and economic growth is determined mainly by human primary activities like agriculture and mining. Stone quarrying is also a type of mining provides various kinds of construction materials with different size and forms. The quarrying process including drilling, blasting, crushing etc. releases lot of harmful materials causes several negative effects on surrounding environment, human life and activities. Including Ramanagara district Karnataka state has rich potential in variety of building stones suitable for various construction activities. Besides this the district is known for many elevated and beautiful rocky cliffs helps in several ways. India's only endangered vulture species conservation center found in Ramadevarabetta surrounding many quarrying and crushing centers affects life and activities of man and other living organisms in surrounding area. Therefore this research is an attempt to evaluate the effects by stone quarrying activities to suggest possible control measures to minimize the effects in the study area because this activity is required for development.

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Stone quarrying, potential, endangered species, rocky cliffs, crushing centers

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This paper would examine the economic and social effects of ongoing globalization in India. The attempt has been made in this paper to analyze the impact of globalization and liberalization over the socio- economic aspects of Indian Economy. The study is based on secondary data and it is of descriptive type India is a multilingual, multi-religious and multicast country and has been a dominant player in the world system and part of the global economy since ages. Its civilisational past has been shaped and has evolved through a number of events, crisis, people and communities. It has not been an isolated country at any point of time as there has been a continuous exchange of ideas, products and people with other countries and civilisations.LPG (Liberalisation, Privatization and Globalization) model was adopted by Indian Government during 1990-91 when Indian Economy was in a very bad shape. It was, however, adopted not as a solution to deteriorating Indian economy but to enable itself to get further foreign exchange loans from World Bank as its foreign exchange reserves were reduced to mere three weeks outflow. To rectify its ailing financial health, Government simultaneously decided to amend its economic policies and go for privatization & liberalization of its economy. In the overall view, these decisions had immediate positive effect. However, globalization soon has proved to be a double edged weapon. It did help government temporarily meet its emergent need of foreign exchange but it has, as a by-product, caused some permanent damage to Indian Economic system and Indian social structure. Keeping in view the relevance of the subject, the attempt has been made in this paper to analyse the socio- economic changes of globalisation and liberalisation in the Indian Economy. The study is based on secondary data and it is of descriptive type.

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Globalization, Liberalization, Privatization, Simultaneously.

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Human social groups known as tribes primarily reside in forested areas and depend on agriculture and animal hunting for their subsistence. Their cultural practices, religious beliefs, and traditions are vastly dissimilar from those of other people. They are referred to as "Aboriginals" or "Adivasi". India's indigenous population is an integral aspect of the country's population and culture. There are over 67.80 million tribes that are officially recognized in the country, making up 8.08 percent of the total population. Under the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, the federal and state governments purchased various development plans and schemes to help the tribes people live better lives and adopt a more modern way of life. The purpose of the Tribal Development Plan (TDP) is to proactively address tribal challenges and offer culturally appropriate

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Tribal people, Tribal societies, Awareness level, Nucleus Budget Scheme.

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This research examines the employment status of Scheduled Caste households within the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) from 2014-15 to 2022-23, focusing on key indicators such as job card issuance, employment, persondays generated, and completion of 100 days of employment. Analyzing secondary data from the MGNREGS website, the study reveals nuanced trends, including an increasing trend in absolute job card numbers but a declining percentage, signaling a potential demographic shift. While employment for Scheduled Caste households displayed consistent growth until 2020-21, subsequent years saw a significant decline, suggesting program volatility. Fluctuating patterns in persondays generated and completion of 100 days of employment highlight active participation but with variability. The findings underscore the need for ongoing monitoring, evaluation, and targeted interventions to ensure equitable and sustained benefits for Scheduled Caste communities within the MGNREGS framework.

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MGNREGS, SC households, job cards, employment provided, persondays, families completed 100 days

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endometriosis, female infertility, rudimentry horn, unicornuate uterus.

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Abstract One experiment was conducted to determine the appropriate planting time of sunflower in RRTTS, G.Udayagiri of Odisha during rabi 2021-22 arranged in layout in randomised block design with four replications. Fertilizer's viz. nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were applied as basal treatment based on soil test results. Vegetative, reproductive and yield parameters were collected to assess the influence of the treatment combinations on productivity of sunflower. Data collected were analysed using ANOVA . Planting date significantly affected all the growth and yield parameters . Plant height-133.10cm, No of leaves-27.10, flower diameter-15.60cm , seeds/head-2217.30 were recorded during 1st November planting whereas Plant height-117.30cm, No of leaves-19.80, flower diameter-8.60cm , seeds/head-1131.50 in 15th December planting. 1st November sowing produced significantly maximum yield (8.6q ha-1) closely followed by 15th November sowing. Yield significantly declined by planting beyond 1st December. 15th December planting produced significantly lowest yield 5.4q ha-1.The luxuriant growth of those planted late did not translate to seed yield because there was not enough water during the seed filling stage of growth.

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sowing dates, sunflower, planting time.

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Intoxication is a condition in which a person has consumed intoxicated substances that affect their physical emotional and mental ability. Intoxication is one of the biggest curse for society. At first it was used as medicine but now it become habit for many people. There are many reasons for which people are using intoxicated substances and it affect them deeply. Intoxication is dangerous not only for physical and mental health but it can also lead to various criminal behavior like suicide,physical and sexual assault, robbery and burglary. In literature many writer has written about their experiences and observations of intoxicated substances and its effect. Some of them talk about pleasure and relaxation it brings, while some talk about the problems and the nightmares it causes. Many author has written about the issues surrounding dependency,fracturing of relationships and many other side effects that intoxicated substances bring.

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intoxication, intoxicated substances, relationship,dangerous, curse,society, consumption

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An alternate approach for the systemic availability of medications restricted to intravenous administration is nasal drug administration. Large surface area, porous endothelium membrane, high total blood flow, lack of first-pass metabolism, and easy accessibility are the causes of this. A useful long-term therapeutic option to parenteral medication is the nasal route. Because the nasal mucosa is so porous and highly vascularized, it absorbs substances quickly and acts quickly. Since the medication enters the bloodstream immediately through the nasal route, it is a non-invasive, often utilised local therapeutic method that can also be utilised for systemic therapy. Small chemicals are better absorbed through the nasal route than large molecules, which can be enhanced by absorption promoters. This article discusses techniques to increase bioavailability and provides an overview of intranasal drug administration, including factors affecting nasal absorption.

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Nasal Drug Delivery, Systemic Circulation, Bioavailability, Permeation Enhancers

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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the ethical behaviour of business organisations/companies for the upliftment and welfare of society. The core issue of CSR activity is "doing good to do well" and "society at large should be served". Its motto is "Bahumukhi Vikas" (multi-dimensional development)-- underscoring people, planet and profit. For the sustainability of a state/community, CSR funding is significant and pivotal. Bihar, situated in the eastern part of India, is the third most populous state. It has an ancient and rich history. But with regard to CSR activities, the low CSR funding in the state and the lack of corporate investment are significant problems as well as vital hindrances in improving the lives of the people. In the above context, the present study intends to draw attention towards this major problem and emphasises the point that enhanced CSR funding can help improve the lives of the people of the state. This study has also attempted to conceptualise CSR, compare CSR funding in Bihar with other states, plead for the equitable distribution of CSR funds and suggest measures to attract CSR funding in the state of Bihar.

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Bihar, Business Organisation, CSR, Society, Sustainability

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In the contemporary landscape of the Indian banking sector, this research delves into the intricate intersection of banking laws and social welfare schemes, offering a comprehensive exploration of legal structures and their impact on the vast and diverse Indian society. With India positioned as the second most populous country globally, housing approximately 1.35 billion people as of 2021, and covering only 2.4% of the world's surface area, the complexity of its social fabric necessitates a meticulous legal examination. Against the backdrop of a developing economy where 60 to 70 percent of the population depends on agriculture, the study emphasizes the significance of understanding the social dynamics of India. With 29 states, numerous languages, and diverse geographical regions, the country epitomizes the principle of "Unity in Diversity." This research scrutinizes the historical evolution of laws from ancient times, tracing the transition from a monarchic legal system to the present constitutional framework. The historical trajectory of Indian banking, rooted in ancient practices such as money lending found in Vedas, is succinctly explored. The study encapsulates the development of banks during the English period, marked by the establishment of the Presidency Banks and their amalgamation into the Imperial Bank. Post-independence, the nationalization of banks, including the transformation of the Imperial Bank into the State Bank of India in 1955, is scrutinized. The research delves into the pivotal role of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) since its inception in 1935, gaining prominence through the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The study examines the legislative milestones, notably the Banking Companies Act, 1949, later termed the Banking Regulation Act, 1966, which conferred significant powers upon the RBI, regulating licensing, liquidity, expansion, and managerial aspects of banks. In addition to the historical exploration, this research critically assesses contemporary issues and lacunae within the banking sector, offering legal insights and potential solutions. By incorporating scholarly research and legal reasoning, the study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the current scenario in the Indian banking sector, considering both its historical evolution and present operational dynamics.

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banking, nationalisation, regulation, reforms, digitisation.

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Vehicle detection through satellite video imagery has witnessed remarkable advancements, revolutionizing remote sensing and Earth observation. In this survey research, we explore the latest methodologies, approaches, and innovations in satellite video-based moving vehicle detection, with a special focus on the Semantic-Embedded Density Adaptive Network (SEDAN) architecture. Satellite videos provide an unparalleled perspective of Earth's surface, enabling us to grasp dynamic events and human activities. However, discerning moving vehicles within these videos presents significant challenges, including low image quality, varying lighting conditions, and diverse backgrounds. Traditional handcrafted features and shallow learning algorithms often fall short in delivering robust results under such circumstances. In response, deep learning-based solutions have emerged, with the SEDAN framework emerging as a promising approach. Drawing insights from a meticulous review of 22 papers, this survey research delivers a comprehensive overview of vehicle detection using satellite video data, highlighting the transformative potential of satellite technology in remote sensing and its crucial applications in various domains, including disaster management, traffic monitoring, and national security.

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Vehicle Detection, Review, Deep Learning, Image Processing

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In the contemporary information age, the study emphasizes the indispensable role of information in decision-making, teaching, learning, and knowledge enrichment across diverse domains. It recognizes libraries as crucial hubs for learning and underscores their significance in modern education. The research aims to investigate the information needs, seeking behaviour, and satisfaction levels of research scholars in Haryana's state universities, focusing on how libraries can optimally support scholars in their academic pursuits. Additionally, the study highlights the profound impact of chemistry on daily life and acknowledges its reliance on extensive information transfer and utilization. Overall, the research seeks to enhance understanding and support for scholars in various research areas.

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Information, Information seeking behaviour, Library, Research.

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 Abstract

???????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????????. ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????????. ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????. ???? ????????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????????????. ????????????? ?????????? ?????, ?????, ????, ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????????, ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????????. ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????? ???????????????????. ??????????? ????????? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ???????.

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???? ?????????, ???????????, ?????? ?????????

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Hand Gesture recognition system is one of the best technique has developed in last few year, the reason behind to get success is ability to cooperate with machine. Body gestures are consider most common way to communication along human and personal computer in virtual world. To developed effective algorithm to that can recognize, interpret, process, and simulate human affections. Advance computing has ability to humanize digital interactions. This pepper introduces application using Computer Vision(CV) to recognize hand gesture. A camera takes live footage and analysis gestures on the basis of analysis system takes decision and recognize gestures.

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Hand Gesture, Open CV, MediaPipe, Hand land marks.

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The human body is rather like a highly technical and sophisticated machine. It operates as a single entity, but is made up of a number of systems that works inter- dependently. The skeletal system (bones and joints) works interdependently with the skeletal muscle system and provides basic functions that are essential to life such as it protects the brain and internal organs, maintains upright posture, blood cell formation, mineral homeostasis, stores fat and minerals. Inappropriate functioning of the metabolic processes results in disorders manifested by changes in both physical and chemical structure of the bone. Bone mass changes in a person's life time can be categorized into three phases - Growth, Consolidation and Involution. Peak bone mass is accumulated in the growth phase, about 90% of ultimate bone mass is deposited in the space this is followed by consolidation which lasts for 15 years. The involution starts between ages 35-40 years in both sexes, with acceleration of bone loss within a decade after menopause in women. The prevalence of osteoporosis and low bone mass is expected to increase worldwide with increased aging of the population. Across the globe, the number of individuals aged 50 years and greater is expected to increase nearly fivefold by the year 2050, from 323 million to 1.55 billion. Methods; An experimental study was conducted among 60 post-operative patients who were selected by us Non probability convenient sampling technique was adopted to select the samples. Video assisted teaching in Adichunchanagiri hospital & research centre B.G Nagara. The study setting is selected because of availability of the samples, feasibility of conducting study and geographical proximity. The data collected was analyzed and interpreted based on descriptive and inferential statistics. Results; The Overall pre-test, post-test, and enhancement knowledge scores regarding an osteoporosis and its prevention among patients who are attending OPD .pre-test score 12.37 and post test score is 17.50. The paired't' test is 9.74 was carried out and it was found significant at 0.05 level, research hypothesis H1 was accepted. It evidence that is regarding an osteoporosis and its prevention among patients who are attending OPD video assisted teaching was significantly effective on improving the knowledge.

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"A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VEDIO ASSISTED TEACHING MODULE REGARDING KNOWLEDGE AN OSTEOPOROSIS AND ITS PREVENTION AMONG PATIENTS WHO ARE ATTENDING OPD AT ADICHUNCHANAGIRI HOSPITAL AND RESEARCH CENTRE, B G NAGARA."

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