Volume 12 | Issue 1

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Azo-Dyes, Toxicity, Treatment, P. aeruginosa, Biological Degradation

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The study was a in a descriptive mode in hospital. The study was conducted over a period of one year on 150 samples. Total 150 samples were enrolled in the study. Both serum and pleural fluid samples were collected and quantitatively analysed using semi-automated analyser. It was concluded that Biochemical parameters play important role in diagnosing Pleural effusions. These markers when used collectively their diagnostic efficacy is greatly increased. Patients with pleural effusion is to determine whether the effusion is a transudate or an exudate. An exudative effusion is diagnosed if the patient meets Light's criteria. The serum to pleural fluid protein or albumin gradients may help better categorize the occasional transudate misidentified as an exudate by these criteria. If the patient has a transudative effusion, therapy should be directed toward the underlying heart failure or cirrhosis. If the patient has an exudative effusion, attempts should be made to define the etiology. Pneumonia, cancer, tuberculosis, and pulmonary embolism account for most exudative effusions. Many pleural fluid tests are useful in the differential diagnosis of exudative effusions. The SEAG is superior to Light's criteria in identifying the transudative effusions. It is also observed that Light's criteria identified exudative effusions better than SEAG. The aim of present study was to analyse various biochemical parameters (LDH, pH, Glucose, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Creatinine, Amylase and ADA) in pleural fluid and to correlate these Biochemical parameters with diagnosis of the patients.

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Pleura, Effusion, Transudate, Exudate, biochemical parameters

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Moringa?oleifera?is one of?the?popular?plants?that have?shown?significant?health?benefits.?Certainly,?preclinical?evidence?(predominantly?from?animal?models)?summarized?in the?current?review?supports?the?beneficial?effects of?Moringa?oleifera?leaf?extracts?in?combating?the?prominent?characteristic?features?of?diabetes?mellitus.?This?includes?effective?control of?blood?glucose or?insulin?levels,?enhancement?of insulin?tissue?sensitivity,?improvement?of blood?lipid?profiles,?and?protecting?against?organ?damage?under?sustained?conditions?of?hyperglycemia.?Interestingly,?as major?complications?implicated?in the?progression?of?diabetes,?including?organ?damage,?Moringa?oleifera?leaf and?seed?extracts?could?efficiently?block the?detrimental?effects of?oxidative?stress and?inflammation?in these?preclinical?models.?Notably,?these?extracts?(especially?leaf?extracts)?showed?enhanced?effects in?strengthening?intracellular?antioxidant?defences?like?catalase,?superoxide?dismutase,?and?glutathione?to lower?lipid?peroxidation?products?and reduce?prominent?pro-inflammatory?markers?such as?tumor?necrosis?factor-?,?interleukin?(1L)-?,?IL-6,?monocyte?chemoattractant?protein-1?and nitric?oxide?synthase.?From?animal?models of?diabetes,?the common?and?effective?dose of?leaf?extracts?of Moringa?oleifera?was?100-300?mg/kg,?within the?treatment?duration?of 2-8?weeks.?Whereas?supplementation?with?approximately?20 g leaf?powder of?Moringa?oleifera?for at?least 2?weeks?could?improve?postprandial?blood?glucose in?subjects?with?prediabetes?or?diabetes.?Although?limited?clinical?studies?have been?conducted?on the?antidiabetic?properties?of Moringa?oleifera,?current?findings?provide an?important?platform?for future?research?directed?at?developing?this plant?as a?functional?food to?manage?diabetic?complications

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diabetes complications, oxidative stress, inflammation, moringa (Moringa oleifera), therapeutic targets

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The COVID-19 virus severely affected the educational system in all over the world. During the pandemic, most of the educational institutions were remained closed which degraded the learning level of the students at the school level. The objective of the present research article is to find out the impact of school closures on the learning level of school students in the Indian context. In this research article researchers have explored the secondary sources that demonstrated the pre-pandemic and after-pandemic learning levels of the students. After analyzing the secondary sources, investigators found the impact of school closures on the learning level; a significant decline was observed in the learning level of students at the school level after the pandemic period.

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learning level, pandemic, COVID-19, school closer, educational institution

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Sentiment analysis is a popular topic in the big data era. In the business world, there is an increasing need for analyzing and characterizing the public's attitude towards new products. Therefore, sentiment analysis with real-time social data can be a useful tool for business marketing. In this project, a sentiment analysis was performed with real-time Social site data that contains customized keywords. There are three parts of this article: i) fetching real-time data online with keywords; ii) applying sentiment analysis with Twitter data and visualize each sentimental category with word clouds; iii) for ease of use, wrapping the sentiment analysis into an interactive dashboard, so users can customize keywords and get the real-time application data.

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Face Detection, Word Processing & Analysis, Video Processing, Machine Learning.

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Road traffic and maintenance induce chronic heavy metal pollution in the atmosphere and roadside soil. A portion of these pollutants could be dispersed into the air or deposited onto soils as a result of wind dispersion. The main objective of this research was to determine the level of Pb, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Cu in dust samples collected near industrial, residential, commercial and rural streets in the Jamshedpur city during March- April 2023. The concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The result shows metal concentrations Pb, Fe, Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Cu are varied from 14.08-145.25 ng/m3, 129.30-687.09ng/m3, 51.21-302.01 ng/m3, 10.08-31.09 ng/m3, 29.52-165.28 ng/m3, 18.25-68.38 ng/m3 and 19.39-64.01 ng/m3 respectively. Overall, the rank of risk contribution to the local environments among the six heavy metals was Fe (375.54) > Zn (180.21) > Cd (98.48) > Pb (76.54) > Cu (41.48) > Cr (40.86) > Ni (18.90). These values were compared with results from various cities/countries world-wide. This study suggests that earth crust and anthropogenic activities such as motor vehicles were the main sources of heavy metal contamination in the study areas.

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Heavy metals, Vehicle emission, Road dusts, ICP-MS.

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This experimental study aims to investigate the effectiveness of bitumen emulsion in stabilizing the sub-base layer of road construction. The sub-base layer plays a crucial role in providing structural support and preventing deformation of the road surface. In this research, bitumen emulsion is introduced as a stabilizing agent to enhance the mechanical properties of the sub-base layer. The study involves laboratory testing of different sub-base materials treated with varying concentrations of bitumen emulsion. The mechanical characteristics, including strength, durability, and moisture susceptibility, are evaluated through standard testing procedures. The experimental results will provide insights into the optimal dosage of bitumen emulsion required for achieving the desired stabilization effects. The findings of this research have implications for the improvement of road construction practices, especially in areas where sub-base layer stability is a critical factor. The use of bitumen emulsion as a stabilizing agent offers a potential sustainable solution, contributing to the longevity and performance of road infrastructure.

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Psychological aspects and the provision of psychosocial support for individuals dealing with diabetic neuropathy (DN), a prevalent and challenging diabetes complication, are crucial but often disregarded. This article mainly focuses on the typical clinical expressions of DN--persistent neuropathic pain, postural instability, and foot complications--and explores their psychosocial consequences, encompassing depression, anxiety, diminished sleep quality, and specific concerns like fear of falling and amputation. It further outlines the connection between psychological factors, particularly depression, and their adverse effects on DN, affecting self-care tasks and future health outcomes. It also discusses the current evidence on the efficacy of pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches. Diabetes harms various organ systems and plays a significant role in causing chronic complications. Diabetic neuropathies (DN) are the most prevalent chronic complications, affecting around 50% of individuals with diabetes. Among diabetic neuropathies, distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSPN) and autonomic neuropathies are extensively researched. DSPN, the most prevalent type, results from damage to both small and large peripheral nerves.

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Diabetic neuropathy, distal symmetric polyneuropathy, amputation.

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Transformative Changes in Care Delivery, explores the current state of healthcare and anticipates the industry's evolution over the next 10, 20, and 30 years. Examining the impact of changing patient preferences, the rise of virtual and home-based care, and the challenges posed by a younger, less loyal patient demographic, the paper highlights the crucial need to improve access to care and equity in outcomes. Moreover, it delves into the economic challenges posed by escalating costs and the industry's current mindset of a unit-of-service model, pushing for a redefined, integrated approach to care delivery. The vision for the future involves leveraging real-time monitoring and technology for proactive intervention, changing the paradigm of disease management. As the healthcare industry grapples with financial headwinds and strives to provide the right care at the right time, this whitepaper serves as a guide for stakeholders navigating the transformative changes necessary for the future of healthcare.

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Healthcare Transformation, Access to Care, Virtual Health, Proactive Intervention

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In a world with an ever-growing amount of data available on both offline and online sources, the task of extracting the key information from the documents and summarizing the content creates the need for Visual text summarization. In this paper, we will look into the types of text summarization and sentiment analysis how it has been helpful in various fields like social media marketing, legal contract analysis, video scripting, etc. Further, this paper conducts a methodical study on abstractive text summarization and highlights the approach which mimics the human cognitive method of summarizing text. The paper aims to analyze the numerous techniques, difficulties, opportunities, and current state of art of abstractive summarization. A detailed survey of research papers/articles was conducted based on the technologies used to make this task quicker and more accurate in recent years.

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Document image analysis, Optical character recognition, NLP, Transformer

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This research paper explores the youth political culture and the promises meant for the them in the electoral manifestos of two major parties in India. Political parties' manifestos represent crucial policy requirements for the nation and its population, while political culture shapes subjective elements in a country's politics. Youth involvement plays a vital role in highlighting issues, addressing youth concerns, and improving overall quality of life. With India's youth demography, understanding the influence of political culture and its impact on manifesto formulation is extremely essential. The research is done considering the recent two Lok Sabha elections of 2014 and 2019 which witnessed the highest youth participation in terms of voter turnout. The study follows a descriptive and explorative approach, examining the distribution of political attitudes, values, feelings, knowledge, and abilities among the youth. Through an analysis of manifestos of two major political parties namely Indian National Congress (INC) and Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) for the 2014 and 2019 Lok Sabha elections, the paper highlights the significance of youth engagement and its impact on democratic representation and policy formulation.

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Electoral Manifesto, Youth, Political Culture, Election, Democracy.

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Managing phosphorus intake is vital in addressing mineral and bone disorders associated with chronic kidney disease. The phosphorus pyramid seems like a practical and visually informative tool for both patients and healthcare professionals. The emphasis on dietary control, plant-based sources, cooking methods, and awareness of additives aligns with the complexity of addressing phosphorus retention in real-life situations. Education indeed plays a key role in empowering individuals to make informed nutritional choices for integrated CKD-MBD management.

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Phosphorus,dietary control,chronic kidney disease

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A review-based study is carried out with the objective of getting information about the prevalence of nomophobia among undergraduate medical students in India. The use of mobile phones, mostly smartphones is rigorously increasing and has an impact on various aspects of the individual's life most people have the availability of a smartphone including students, students have online classes, assignments, and other activities through their phones aside from these students are attached to their phones an inappropriate manner. The study is carried out descriptively and review based, the secondary data was collected through the search engines Google Scholar, and PubMed search by using the keywords nomophobia, no-mobile phone-phobia, mobile phone addiction, and medical students, we found various articles, research papers, and abstract from them we selected some full-length paper for the study according to inclusion criteria. We found that almost all of the medical college students from India had some degree of nomophobia. Most of the students, almost 55 to 60% fall under the moderate level of nomophobia.

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nomophobia, no-mobile phone-phobia, medical students.

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The research paper provides a concise exploration of the idea of emergency provisions in the context of the Indian political and legal system. It predominantly focuses on the constitutional intricacies surrounding Article 356, famously known as "President's Rule" or "State Emergency." This paper is primarily concerned with the practical aspects of State Emergency as outlined in Article 356 of the Indian Constitution. Article 356 of the Indian Constitution has been a subject of controversy since its inception due to its frequent misuse, which posed a threat to India's federal structure. Article 356 grants authority to the Union to enforce President's Rule, which involves the temporary suspension of state legislatures and executive functions when there is a collapse of the constitutional apparatus. Originally, this provision was included in the Constitution to safeguard people's welfare and prevent state governments from overstepping their authority and infringing upon individuals' fundamental rights as enshrined in the Constitution. Regrettably, this provision has often been wielded as a political tool to unseat governments on flimsy allegations of constitutional machinery breakdown. Political parties, driven by their own vested interests, have consistently applied pressure on the President to promote their individual objectives. As a result, Article 356 has been widely abused by the Union government on multiple occasions, undermining the federal structure of the Constitution. The existing structure of Article 356 has resulted in extensive abuse, greatly harming the nation's democratic system and hindering the development of a federal ethos. This exploitation erodes the integrity of state institutions, diminishes their power, and suppresses the state endeavours. This research paper will delve into the instances of misuse and critically assess the reasons behind Article 356's failure to fulfil its intended purpose. It will also explore measures that can be taken to prevent such abuse and analyze the recommendations put forth by the Sarkaria Commission, tracing the related judicial developments. Furthermore, the paper will examine the justiciability of this article and how it has evolved over time. It will also provide recommendations aimed at curbing its misuse.

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state emergency, misuse, President's Rule, Article 356, Federal Structure

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In the digital age, the issue of protecting performers' rights within the parameters of copyright law is becoming more and more important. The scope and usefulness of performers' rights are examined in depth in this critical analysis, which also examines the cultural, technological, and legal factors that influence this landscape. In a creative sector that is continually changing, the study analyses the main opportunities and problems facing performers. The research begins by describing the historical progression of performers' rights, showing how these rights went from being essentially ignored within conventional copyright frameworks to becoming more widely recognized and legally protected. The WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT) and the European Union's Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market are two important international agreements and state laws that increase performers' rights. The dynamics of the entertainment industry have changed as a result of technological developments, particularly in digital distribution and streaming platforms. The paper explores how these technological advancements have benefited and hurt performers, raising questions about how to uphold and monetize their rights. We also evaluate the effects of user-generated content platforms, algorithmic content recommendation systems, and digital piracy. The applicability and efficacy of performers' rights are significantly shaped by cultural influences. This examination considers how geographical differences and cultural traditions affect the protection and compensation of performers as it examines the relationship between copyright law and cultural diversity. In a linked, worldwide society, access and cultural heritage preservation are also discussed. The emphasis is given for the necessity of a comprehensive strategy for performers' rights in the context of copyright. It acknowledges the value of promoting a fair legal system that protects the rights of performers while ensuring that copyright continues to be a driving force behind innovation and cultural enrichment. The study offers ideas for policy-makers, stakeholders, and performers to handle these complications and pave the way forward in the 21st-century creative economy. It offers insights into the difficulties and opportunities that performers face in an ever-changing digital environment.

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copyright, performers right, problems , copyright law, legal system

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The debut novel of Meena Kandasamy, The Gypsy Goddess, deals with the dreadful conditions of the peasant class workers during the rise of the Green Revolution and the tragic massacre and its aftermath in the Thanjavur districts of Tamil Nadu during 1960's. Theretofore, the critically hailed poet has chosen the genre of novel to describe the tragedy, imbibing the post-modernistic ways of narrative techniques i.e., non-linear plot, using which Kandasamy portrayed the dire straits of the peasant class with conviction. this paper tries to analyse how the post-modernistic narrative technique of the writer successfully lead the reader into the turmoil of emotions- empathy, rage, pity and hatred etc, while reading the novel, and the paper also tries to shed light on oppressions based on caste, gender.

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Dalit literature, Gypsy Goddess, peasant class, massacre

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This research presents an innovative integration of Adhoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol with Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to improve the effectiveness of neighbor distance identification and routing in MANETs (Mobile Ad hoc Networks). By utilizing ANNs, the system dynamically predicts the proximity of neighboring nodes based on received signal strength, optimizing route discovery. AODV-ANNs demonstrate improved accuracy in neighbor distance estimation and path selection, resulting in more efficient data routing. The hybrid approach enriches the MANET routing protocol landscape by harnessing machine learning for real-time adaptation and intelligent decision-making.

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MANET, AODV, Artificial Neural Networks, routing protocol, neighbor distance detection, efficient routing, machine learning.

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The Adaptive Cryptography Secure Token Approach (ACSTA) is introduced in this paper to bolster data integrity and authentication in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Proposed ACSTA merges adaptive cryptography and secure token-based authentication, utilizing elliptic curve cryptography for dynamic encryption parameter adjustments based on risk assessment. Access tokens are employed for meticulous access control. This synergy enhances data security against threats and unauthorized entry. Through evaluations, ACSTA's prowess in fortifying data integrity and authentication in WSNs is evident. ACSTA stands as a potent solution, countering emerging security challenges and advancing secure communication in WSNs.

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Adaptive Cryptography, Secure Token Approach, Data Integrity, Authentication Mechanism, Wireless Sensor Network

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The Flood Detection Management System (FDMS) is a comprehensive solution designed to lessen the effects of flooding by providing real-time monitoring, early detection, and efficient management of flood-related incidents. Leveraging a network of sensors, satellite data, and weather forecasts, the system continuously analyzes water levels and weather patterns to identify potential flood risks. Upon detection, the system triggers automated alerts to authorities and affected communities, enabling timely response and evacuation measures.

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The Flood Detection Management System (FDMS)

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Migration is a long-term movement of individuals from poor regions to rich areas due to various reasons such as war, disease, famine, and climate change. Since the nineteenth century, immigration has become clearer and can be measured and monitored. National and international organizations have begun developing policies around migration and its impacts. Unemployment is the rate of registered unemployed, and promoting immigration may not be an effective strategy for improving job reconciliation. Migration appears to be necessary to balance regional unemployment differentials by moving unemployed individuals from regions with high unemployment rates to those with somewhat low rates. Entry into labor market programs may act as an alternative to immigration for the unemployed, but the importance of "quality" among immigrants (age, education, human capital, and ability to work) is important, which may lead to improvement in re-employment. There is little research on the economic dynamics of migration, but models of decisions for skilled, regionally mobile workers analyze the stability of the situation for a system enlightened by the new economic geography. With the increasing number and effectiveness of international economic and social institutions, the sensitivity to unemployment increased due to the socioeconomic impacts of unemployment. Anthropologists, sociologists, historians, geographers, and economists closely examine the subject of migration and its effects on economic growth and employment. Immigrants contribute to families meeting basic living needs, such as food, shelter, and poverty alleviation. The money that migrants send back to their home countries supports household financial stability and the ability to invest in businesses, property, and other assets in their home country. However, the rates of access to these applications and their use differ socially, economically, and demographically within local communities, especially in developing societies.

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Immigration; The unemployed, the labor market, labor migration, unemployment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition