Volume 9 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is a malignancy in breast tissue that can originate from the ductal epithelium or lobules. Axillary lymph node status has become one of the strongest prognostic factors in women with early stage breast cancer. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the relationship of HER-2 with detection, metastasis, and prognosis of breast cancer. This study is aimed at evaluating overexpression of HER2 as a prognostic factor in breast cancer with sentinel lymph node metastases. Methods: This is an analytic study with cross sectional research design. Results: In this study, a sample of 51 people was obtained. Most types of breast cancer are invasive ductal carcinoma in 40 patients (78.4%), then invasive no other specific type in 7 patients (13.7%), then invasive lobular carcinoma and DCIS in 2 patients (3.9%). From the results of statistical tests found no relationship between overexpression of HER-2 with sentinel lymph node metastases (p = 0.255). Patients who had HER2 expression had a 1.477 times greater risk of having sentinel lymph node metastases compared to a group of patients with no HER2 expression. Conclusion: There is no relationship between HER-2 overexpression with the occurrence of sentinel lymph node metastases.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords: Breast cancer, HER2, Sentinel lymph node, Prognosis.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ayurveda, Vatarakta, Vata, Rakta, Gouty arthritis.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Genetic engineering is moving through quick advancement holding the hand of CRISPR gene editing technology as it throws lights upon biotechnology with the discovery of CRISPR and Cas9 endonuclease functions . Both in natural and artificial way of its function CRISPR enhances the immune system of bacteria against virus (natural) and in human beings (artificial) providing permanent relief from various diseases . In this review paper Gene editing process is discussed followed by introduction of CRISPR-Cas9 and its related terms defined briefly . Its natural technology that occurs in bacteria and its lab based technology and the genome editing technology is also discussed with diagram and proper explanations .

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CRISPR, cas9, bacteriophage, DNA, RNA, editing, Genome, PAM.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

KEY-WORDS: Recovering stroke patients, Trunk and Lower limb linked exercises , Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) Stroke impact scale (SIS), Quality of life (QoL).

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present research paper focuses on the threads like quest for Individual, racism, gender discrimination, oppression, suppression, colour discourse, etc. Have been greatly discussed, explored and criticized in the stream of literatures. From one perspective, every country has something to be presented through literature and analysed the same. When one deals with the American literature or African American literature, one prominent element or facet of their writings come in force and that is the crucial threads so far and deeply explored the roots of these anti social streams and they have tried their level best to put the same before the world and Richard Wright is one of them who presented the agony, exploitation and harassment of the natives in his select novel Black Boy (1945).

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Quest for Individuality, Racism, Gender Discrimination, Oppression, Suppression, Colour Discourse, etc.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abtract - Introduction: Breast cancer has a high prevalence in both developing and developed countries due to years of increased morbidity and mortality. Based on Pathological Based Registration in Indonesia, KPD ranks first with a relative frequency of 18.6% and more than 80% of cases were found in advanced stage, where treatment efforts are difficult. This study aims to obtain general and specific characteristics of breast cancer patients in RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan. Method: This was observational study that conducted in RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan which involved all cases of breast cancer diagnosed histologically. Clinical information and demographic data for patients were retrieved from surgical wards and department of medical records. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS software. Results: Based on the general characteristics, the majority of breast cancer patients were 33 samples aged 40-49 years (34.7%), 41 samples (43.2%) finished high school education, 65 samples (68.4%) unemployed, and 91 samples ( 95.8%) did not have a family history of breast cancer. Based on specific characteristics, the majority of breast cancer patients were in stage IIIB, with 42 samples (44.2%) with T4b tumor size totaling 50 samples (52.6%), stage N1 numbering 40 samples (42.1%), and metastasizing in the lung were 11 samples (40.7%) in stage IV. There were 68 samples (71.6%) diagnosed with IDC, 70 samples (73.7%) with negative status of ER, 67 samples (70.5%) with negative status of PR, 31 samples (32.6%) with positive values of her2, and 49 samples (51.6%) with positive status of ki-67. Conclusions: Most of breast cancers patients in RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan were experienced by young age women who did not work and already in stage IIIB and IV.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords- Breast cancer; sociodemographic; staging; histopathology; immunohistochemistry.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Fortification, minerals, milk, calcium, Zinc, selenium,w-3-Fatty acids, fibre and isoflavones.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Demographic Bonus, Global Competiveness and Make in India, Motivation.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Electrocardiography (ECG) signals are classified into five different classes of signals namely, normal, PVC, LBBB, RBBB, and APC to establish the abnormality of the signal. Initially, to find the peaks in the ECG signal Pan-Tompkins algorithm is used. Then, some of the features such as HOS, min-max features, and temporal, are carried out on MIT/BIH arrhythmia database which consists of the huge number of signals including the label of normal and arrhythmia signal. The performance of the classifier is measured with other classifiers; the results showed that KNN provides higher classification accuracy than the other classifiers.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Arrhythmia, MIT/BIH database, KNN classifier, Higher order statistics, Temporal feature

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The study assessed the prevalence of anaemia and compared the effectiveness of fresh gooseberry juice and elemental iron supplementation Vs elemental iron supplementation on haemoglobin level among adolescent girls with anaemia. A total of 60 samples (30+30) were selected by probability simple random sampling technique. The study instrument used was as follows: demographic and clinical data, prevalence scale of anaemia and assessment of haemoglobin level. The tools were administered after obtaining the administrative and informed consent. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was inferred that the administration of fresh gooseberry juice and elemental iron supplementation for anaemia, 80% of the adolescent girls were highly satisfied and 20% of them were satisfied and none of them were dissatisfied.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Effectiveness, Gooseberry, Elemental iron, Supplementation, Adolescent

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition