Volume 8 | Issue 1 | January-2020

 Abstract

The prevention and control in plant disease plays vital role in architectural filed. Accurate and rapid diagnostic of disease helps to control the disease at early stage. The detection of plant disease using automatic technique is beneficial and reduces large work of monitoring each individual plant in the farm. A combined usage of image processing techniques and machine learning techniques helps to recognize the disease. This paper includes the study of existing systems for plant disease detection. The study includes various technique used for disease detection its advantages and limitations. Based on the existing work analysis, a new system is proposed. In the proposed system, plant leaf image features are extracted using Gabor filter and watershed segmentation algorithm which includes the color, texture and intensity property of image. Based on the extracted features the image is compared with existing disease training data. The test image is labeled with the related disease using classification technique.

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 Keywords

Image Processing, Machine learning, Plant Disease, Naive Bays, SVM, Random Forest

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Caesarean delivery is now one of the most common practices throughout the world. The most common serious side effect of spinal anaesthesia is maternal hypotension. The aim of the current study was to compare the incidence of hypotension with crystalloid pre-hydration and co-hydration in pregnant women undergoing caesarean section. This prospective study was conducted on 50 pregnant women in Parsa, Nepal. The study patients were divided into two groups (crystalloid pre-hydration group and co-hydration group) consisting of 25 patients in each group. Haemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure were monitored. In the present study after the induction of spinal anaesthesia both systolic and diastolic blood pressure was gradually decreased from baseline among the pregnant women. the blood pressure of the pregnant women with crystalloid co-hydration was significantly higher than that of pregnant women with crystalloid pre-hydration. The occurrence of hypotension among the women with crystalloid co-hydration was significantly lower than of women with crystalloid pre-hydration. Our study shows crystalloid co-hydration administered immediately after the induction of spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section is associated with a lesser incidence of hypotension than crystalloid pre-hydration.

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 Keywords

Spinal anaesthesia; maternal hypotension, crystalloid pre-hydration, co-hydration

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 Abstract

CULTURAL CONFLICT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EDUCATION

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CULTURAL CONFLICT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON EDUCATION

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Consumers from emerging market like India have greater brand choice from global and domestic companies than ever before. India�s liberalizing policies and changing business environment along with regulatory changes have enhanced the economic growth of India along with expansion of multinational companies in Indian market by setting up of their businesses in India, thereby increasing offerings to Indian markets by setting up of their businesses in India, thereby increasing offerings to Indian consumers. This has increased a wide range of choice to Indian consumers. Companies are interested no0t only in the product but also the behavior of the consumers and brand equity because it gives them the right orientations for brand positioning. Building brand equity is the for most work of the companies to reduce the searching cost of the customers. Brand equity generally grouped intovarious categories. India is the second largest consumer market in the world. The Indian consumer profile has been changed in terms of education, income, occupation and reference group and India habits. There is a shift in consumer brand preference for durables products for the past decade with influx of modern technology. The consumer buying preferences are rapidly changing and moving towards high end technology products with adulterate

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economic, consumers, equity, intovarious..,

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: As part of new economic policy, the Government of India introduced far reaching reforms in the tax system. Reforms in the wealth tax system virtually led to its abolition in the year 2015-16. The reason given was the cost of collection was much higher than the revenue collected from it. This argument is not tenable. As part of comprehensive tax reforms, the previous government had planned to introduce Goods and Services Tax which combined all the indirect taxes and the Direct Taxes Code which combined both the Income tax and the Wealth tax. Both the system adopted international best tax practices. But instead of implementing Direct Taxes Code, the Government abolished wealth tax which has created an imbalance in the tax structure. Hence, it is argued here that there is a need to revive Direct Taxes Code and wealth tax in the country.

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Wealth tax, Direct Taxes Code, Indirect taxes, Tax Reforms, Inequality.

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 Abstract

Ramayan ka sundarkand sabse sundar

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Ramayan ka sundarkand sabse sundar

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Kamayani

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Kamayani

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Cosmos have two types of energies � sound and heat. A beautiful compilation of these two energies are seen in Yagya; sound (in the form of Mantras) and heat (in the form of thermal energy). Yagya have three aspects- Subtle, Social, Scientific. Yagya is a process aimed at the refinement of the subtle energy existing in matter with the energy of Mantras. The knowledge of philosophy and science of Yagya is an essential for understanding and experimenting the science of spirituality as the knowledge of elementary physics is for material based science.

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Yagya Therapy, Veda, Ayurveda, Diseases, Medicinal herbal smoke

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Dental micro-wear consists of microscopic damage features on the occlusal surfaces of tooth enamel and reflects physical properties of the diet, as well as enamel structure and post-mortem history of the tooth. Micro-wear analysis has been used to infer the diets of extinct mammals through comparison of features on fossil teeth with those on teeth of living mammals with known diets. A method for documenting micro-wear of large mammals using a light microscope was developed as an alternative to approaches based on scanning electron microscopy. We adapted this method for investigating micro-wear features on squirrel teeth. Both modern and fossil squirrels occur in diverse terrestrial habitats and eat a range of herbivorous to omnivorous diets. We compared micro-wear features from upper molars of several modern species of frugivorous tree squirrels and omnivorous ground squirrels. We also examined fossil sciurid from the Miocene Siwalik sequence of India the central plains of the United States. We found significant differences in micro-wear features among modern squirrels of different diets and habitats, suggesting that micro-wear features can be used to infer the diets or preferred habitats of extinct species. Micro-wear features were preserved on some of the fossil specimens. A comparison of Pliocene Spermophilus rexroadensis to modern Spermophilus suggests a diet similar to that of the modern species examined. Micro-wear of Miocene Eutamias differed from the pattern in any of the living squirrels examined. The approach presented here holds strong potential for illuminating the trophic geomorphology of small-mammal fossils.

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micro-wear, squirrels, Sciuridae, paleoecology, ecomorphology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Tourism , Tourist arrival, economic impact

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