Volume 7 | Issue 2 |

 Abstract

This article discusses the subject of diplomats that is draws from the French word "diplomate," which refers to an individual whose role is to communicate on behalf of the country. Diplomats have both domestic and international status. The early history of the Middle Eastern area, the Mediterranean region, India and China has been known to have diplomatic negotiation. The principle of diplomatic status is considered to be the foundation of foreign law, as well as the customary laws of sovereign immunity are as ancient as diplomacy itself. This illustrates the foreign law, which is not inherently separate from domestic law. Human rights should be protected first and foremost by avoiding their abuses, punishing the violators adequately and ensuring a suitable solution. It is also important, as important as grappling with infringements, to recognize systemic barriers to justice. Since diplomatic immunity covers accredited entities from domestic authority, the expected implementation of the oppressive legal order is essentially interfered with. This essay describes the tension concerning human rights as well as diplomatic immunity through qualitative study.

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Diplomatic immunity, foreign laws, Domestic authority, Human rights, Sovereign rights violation, Barriers to justice

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The objective of this work is to analyze the effect of external debt on the exchange rate in India from the period of 1991 to 2019. To find out the relationship between the variables the ARDL model is employed. Other than the external debt the study used economic growth and fiscal deficit as a control variable. The findings of the study show that external debt and economic growth have positive and negative significant effects on the exchange rate respectively. While the fiscal deficit has a positive insignificant impact on the exchange rate in India. The main recommendation goes to the Indian government, it should adopt a budgetary policy, in such a way to reorient its debt towards economic sectors that can boost economic growth and reinforce the strategies that contribute to re-equilibrate industrial activities.

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Exchange Rate, External Debt, Co-integration

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The term elemental analysis is typically defined as the determination of the amount of an element in given sample. Elemental analysis determining what element are present and determining how much each are present. The elemental analysis of Thiopicolinanilide (TPA) and its lead (II) complex carried out by an electrobalance Stanton Red Craft (TG) Balance Model with a reader, operating 1.0mv full scale for obtaining thermograms i.e. temperature vs. loss in weight curves.

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Elemental Analysis, Thermograms, Lead (II) Complex, Thiopicolinanilide (TPA)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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At present, to deal with the economic slowdown in the country the Central Government has decided to strategically disinvest in public sector undertakings (PSUs) It is worth mentioning that in the first phase of strategic disinvestment five public sector undertakings Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL) Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) Container Corporation of India Limited (CONCOR) Tehri Hydro Development Corporation India Limited (THDCIL) and North Eastern Electric Power Corporation Limited by the government in the first phase of strategic disinvestment Parts of (NEEPCO) will be sold. Giving information about the governments decision Finance Minister Smt Nirmala Sitharaman said that the government has decided that it will reduce its stake in many PSUs to below 51 percent.Analysts are assuming that this decision of the government will significantly increase the treasury which will be used by the government as public expenditure. The article presented discusses the governments recent decisions related to disinvestment in PSUs its necessity its consequences, challenges arising and measures to make the performances effective

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public sector undertakings disinvestment Indian economy

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The student movement in Japan started as zengukaren which are raise against the undemocratic environment in campus the increase in fees and Japans government policy (US Japan security treaty in 1960) and national and international issues Later this movement turned in to SEALDs in 2013 which played a major role in the politics of Japan This student movement prominently raised various issues of Japan such as anti-nuclear movement nuclear energy US presence in Okinawa gender equality environment etc

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Student movement student politics student activism Japan Zengakuren ANPO SEALDS

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Existence of Chronic poverty is the major concern for the country and mitigating it has been the core of all developmental efforts. Post independence, several poverty alleviation programmes initiated by the government have resulted in the overall development of the poor but these programmes were not able to achieve the targeted success. Lack of capital and inaccessibility to credit is the serious constraint to the development and inhibits poor from responding to the opportunities created by the process of development. Empowerment of women is the most important means of poverty eradication. Despite considerable improvement in the status of women post independence, they still constitute the largest section of deprived population. Certain problems such as poverty, illiteracy, lack of skills, availability of proper health care facilities, ignorance etc., which are persistent in rural economy, cannot be tackled individually but could be effectively solved through group efforts. It reminds of a childhood story, where few birds are caught in a net and could not escape one by one. They thought of an idea and decided to fly together in a group and similarly one stick is easily breakable but bundle of sticks is difficult to break. These stories narrate the same moral � �Unity is strength�, �Self help is the best help� and �United we stand and divided we fall�. Hence attacking the problem through collective efforts yields better results. Today such collective group efforts are called as �Self Help Groups�, which has become a powerful tool in initiating the change and transforming the lives of crores of poor and marginalized women across the country.

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Poverty, Collective effort, Group, Women empowerment, Self Help, Unity.

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India boasts of being largest democracy in the world. In such political system and democracy, political parties, both national and regional play an important role. India has a multi-party system with recognition accorded to national and state and district level parties. The status is reviewed periodically by the Election Commission of India (ECI). Other political parties that wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India. Registered parties are considered as recognized national or state level parties based upon their party�s objective criteria. A recognized party enjoys privileges like a reserved party symbol, free broadcast time on state run television and radio, a consultation in setting of election dates and giving input in setting electoral rules and regulations. As per recent publication from Election Commission of India (2018), the total number of parties registered in India is 2,598, out of which, 8 are National parties, 52 are recognized as State parties and 2,538 are unrecognized parties. One of the important feature of the Indian Party System is the presence of a large number of regional parties. Regional party means �a party which generally operates within a limited geographical area and its activities are restricted only to a single or few states�. Added to this, compared with more comprehensive objectives of national political parties, these regional parties represent the interest, needs and requirements of a particular area. Regional parties necessarily concentrate on specific issues concerning, such as, usage of river water, creating local job opportunities, meeting a local needs of the people etc., In simple words, regional parties differ from National parties both in terms of their objectives, outlook, operations as well as the interests they pursue.

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Democracy, Regional requirements, Local needs, Regional demands, Political party.

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Co-operative Societies is an autonomous association of people united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise. These co-operative societies are voluntary association that replaces capitalism with co-operation, listen to their members� needs, are non-discriminatory in nature, arrive at decisions through discussions and follow the ideals of self-help and mutual help. Co-operatives exist in sectors such as retail, banking, housing, marketing, agriculture, manufacturing, purchasing, employment and in other sectors. Some of the most renowned co-operatives in India are Amul, Shree Mahila Gruha Udyog (Lijjat Papad), KRIBHCO, and Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO � which is also one of the largest co-operatives in the world). India being an agrarian economy laid the foundation of world�s biggest cooperative movement in the world. According to Professor C. R. Fay, Co-operative is �an association for the purpose of joint trading, originating among the weak and conducted always in an unselfish spirit on such terms that all who are prepared to assume the duties of membership may share it�s rewards in proportion to the degree in which they make use of the associations�. Co-operation is based on self help as well as mutual help. It is a joint enterprise of those, who are not financially strong and cannot stand on their own legs and therefore come together not with a view to getting profits but to overcome disability arising out of want of adequate financial resources and thus better their economic conditions. According to the Co-operative Societies Act of each state, a co-operative society registered within a State under the law of that state, is not allowed to operate in other states without the permission of the Government or Registrar Co-operative Societies is an autonomous association of people united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly-owned and democratically-controlled enterprise. These co-operative societies are voluntary association that replaces capitalism with co-operation, listen to their members� needs, are non-discriminatory in nature, arrive at decisions through discussions and follow the ideals of self-help and mutual help. Co-operatives exist in sectors such as retail, banking, housing, marketing, agriculture, manufacturing, purchasing, employment and in other sectors. Some of the most renowned co-operatives in India are Amul, Shree Mahila Gruha Udyog (Lijjat Papad), KRIBHCO, and Indian Farmers Fertiliser Cooperative (IFFCO � which is also one of the largest co-operatives in the world). India being an agrarian economy laid the foundation of world�s biggest cooperative movement in the world. According to Professor C. R. Fay, Co-operative is �an association for the purpose of joint trading, originating among the weak and conducted always in an unselfish spirit on such terms that all who are prepared to assume the duties of membership may share it�s rewards in proportion to the degree in which they make use of the associations�. Co-operation is based on self help as well as mutual help. It is a joint enterprise of those, who are not financially strong and cannot stand on their own legs and therefore come together not with a view to getting profits but to overcome disability arising out of want of adequate financial resources and thus better their economic conditions. According to the Co-operative Societies Act of each state, a co-operative society registered within a State under the law of that state, is not allowed to operate in other states without the permission of the Government or Registrar of Co-operative Societies of that State. In case of multi-State co-operative society, it can operate in more than one State as a matter of right.of Co-operative Societies of that State. In case of multi-State co-operative society, it can operate in more than one State as a matter of right.

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autonomous, association, open membership, self help, mutual help, common goal.

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