Volume 13 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

Cyberbullying is an increasing concern among adolescents who frequently use online platforms, often leading to psychological, emotional, and academic issues. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured awareness programme in improving adolescents' knowledge about cyberbullying. A quasi-experimental one-group pre-test post-test design was used, involving 65 adolescents selected through convenient sampling. Exposure to cyberbullying was measured with an awareness scale, and knowledge was assessed using a structured questionnaire.The awareness programme included interactive lectures and visual presentations on the definition, types, consequences, preventive strategies, and reporting methods for cyberbullying. A post-test was conducted on the 7th day using the same tool.Results showed a significant increase in knowledge, with the mean pre-test score of 11.28 rising to 17.75 post-intervention. The paired t test indicated a highly significant difference (t = -17.433, p < 0.001), confirming the programme's effectiveness.The study concludes that structured educational interventions can empower adolescents to recognize, prevent, and respond to cyberbullying. Incorporating such programmes into school health education can foster safer online behavior and mental well-being. Further research with larger, diverse samples is recommended to evaluate long-term effects.

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 Keywords

Cyberbullying, Adolescents, Awareness Program, Intervention, Knowledge, Education

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The indigenous Bodo people of Northeast India have developed a distinctive culinary tradition that is firmly anchored in sustainable living and ecological harmony. This study examines how Bodo food practices closely align with their natural environment, utilizing local biodiversity and traditional ecological knowledge. Their cuisine, rich with indigenous rice varieties, wild vegetables, freshwater fish, and fermented foods, reflects a deep understanding of seasonal cycles and environmental stewardship. The agricultural practices of the Bodo community highlight both the cultural values and ecological importance embedded in their way of life. However, environmental degradation, globalization, and changing lifestyles are placing immense pressure on the survival of these precious traditions. By exploring the ecological roots of Bodo food culture, this paper emphasizes the urgent need to protect and celebrate indigenous food systems not merely as memories of the past, but as living, breathing expressions of cultural identity and deep, enduring connection to nature.

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 Keywords

Bodo, ecology, agriculture, biodiversity, food, heritage, and preservation.

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 Abstract

In today's rapidly evolving manufacturing industries, efficiency, quality control, and accountability are key factors driving competitiveness. Traditional job distribution and quality verification processes are largely manual, which often leads to errors, reduced productivity, and defective products. This thesis proposes a Smart Job Distribution and Quality Verification System leveraging Raspberry Pi, Arduino, RFID technology, and machine vision (OpenCV). The system automates raw job allocation to operators, enforces accountability, verifies product quality in real-time, and maintains a digital log of operations. The project aligns with Industry 4.0 principles, reducing human dependency, improving transparency, and minimizing defective output.

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 Keywords

Raspberry Pi, Arduino Uno, RFID, Image Processing, Quality Check.

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Remote sensing, a technique involves the use of satellites to gather data from Earth's surface has application across various domains. Over the past few decades, satellite imagery has been useful in large-scale land classification and monitoring agricultural activities. Agriculture monitoring has become very important to ensure food production and security. To maximize production and efficiently manage food supplies, accurate monitoring of agricultural activities on a larger scale is crucial. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, or NDVI, is a broadly utilized remote sensing indicator for agricultural management. This study addresses limitations in traditional monitoring methods by integrating Sentinel-2 satellite data with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The methodology involves preprocessing of satellite imagery and conversion to NDVI images, followed by classification technique to categorize into non-vegetated, stressed, and healthy vegetation classes. This project attempts to address the fundamental problems in traditional agricultural monitoring methods in order to provide farmers and other agricultural stakeholders a convenient and efficient alternative.

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 Keywords

Satellite Data, Agriculture Vegetation Health Monitoring, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index).

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa), one of the most extensively studied medicinal plants, has been valued for centuries in traditional medicine and skincare rituals due to its diverse therapeutic properties. In recent years, increasing scientific interest has focused on its potential role in dermatology, particularly in the development of safe and effective herbal sunscreens. Synthetic sunscreen agents, though widely available, have been associated with drawbacks such as skin irritation, phototoxicity, and ecological hazards, especially their adverse impact on marine ecosystems. Consequently, there is a growing demand for natural, eco-friendly, and biocompatible alternatives.The primary bioactive compound of turmeric, curcumin, along with other constituents such as demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, exhibits strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound-healing, and photoprotective activities. These phytochemicals neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, reduce lipid peroxidation, and prevent DNA damage. Furthermore, turmeric has been shown to inhibit melanogenesis, regulate collagen degradation, and strengthen the skin's natural barrier, thereby preventing photoaging, pigmentation disorders, and UV-induced skin cancers.

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Turmeric powder, sun protection factor, antioxidant, anti- inflammatory, UV protection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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India has long experienced a significant outflow of skilled professionals, particularly in the Information Technology (IT) sector, who migrated to developed countries in pursuit of better career opportunities, higher income, and advanced research environments. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as brain drain, was particularly prominent during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. However, in recent years, a reverse trend has emerged, with many of these professionals returning to India or contributing remotely to the country's economic growth--a development known as brain gain. This study aims to examine the key drivers that initially led to the migration of Indian IT talent and to explore the growing trend of return migration and its implications for national development. Special attention is given to policy initiatives such as Startup India and Digital India, which have played a crucial role in attracting global Indian professionals back to the country. These policies have fostered an innovation-driven environment, providing incentives for entrepreneurship, knowledge transfer, and infrastructure development. By assessing the motivations, challenges, and contributions of returning IT professionals, the study seeks to offer policy recommendations to sustain and accelerate the brain gain movement. Ultimately, the research underscores how this reverse migration is not only reversing past losses but also serving as a powerful catalyst for India's long-term economic transformation, innovation, and global competitiveness.

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 Keywords

Brain Drain, Brain Gain, Economic Transformation, Indian IT Professionals, Knowledge Economy.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Water is one of the most vital natural resources that sustains life and meets our fundamental needs. Every drop of water is valuable, making its preservation and judicious utilization essential. The accessibility of this resource is determined largely by surface and groundwater bodies. However, climate change--manifested through rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, variability in rainfall, and sea level rise--has altered river flow and groundwater recharge. Consequently, groundwater resources are highly sensitive to these climatic changes. Rapid urbanization, industrial expansion, and intensive agricultural practices have significantly transformed land use patterns. This has led to excessive extraction of groundwater, causing not only depletion and over-mining of aquifers but also deterioration in water quality. Added to this, global warming, deforestation, and irregular rainfall have further aggravated water scarcity and reduced recharge potential. To address these challenges, geospatial technologies such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have emerged as powerful tools for analysing land resources and water availability. This study employs GIS-based analysis, integrated with ontology and semantic web techniques, to survey underground water resources and explore strategies to enhance their quality. Sustainable development in any region requires effective water resource management, and computer-aided analysis--particularly through the combined application of Remote Sensing (RS) and GIS--offers a highly valuable approach. The research focuses on applying RS and GIS to agricultural water management in India, aiming to improve efficiency and effectiveness in managing water resources. By assessing the current role of geospatial technology in Indian agriculture, the study introduces a proposed model where geospatial ontology and Query-based GIS (QGIS) are employed. The system is designed to identify areas, especially in hilly terrains, where rainwater can be effectively harvested and absorbed into the soil, thereby enhancing groundwater recharge and improving drinking water quality. The QGIS framework allows for queries related to locating underground drinking water sources and mapping regions near the Western Ghats of Maharashtra, India. Additionally, semantic processes are incorporated for advanced query handling, enabling the system to identify areas suitable for rainwater stoppage and infiltration. The ontology-driven design ensures that query services are semantically linked, improving the search process and the overall utility of the model. This proposed model highlights the potential of integrating RS, GIS, ontology, and semantic web technologies to strengthen agricultural water management and support sustainability in India.

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GIS, ontology, semantic web

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 Abstract

Ayurveda holds the belief that every plant on Earth possesses medicinal potential. Essentially, no plant material is devoid of therapeutic value. Plants can be broadly classified into two categories: poisonous and non-poisonous. Among the most toxic is Vatsanabha, a plant native to the Himalayan region, which has been utilized in Ayurvedic medicine since ancient times. A substance can serve as a powerful remedy when administered in the correct dosage. In the case of toxic plants, Ayurveda outlines specific purification techniques aimed at neutralizing or minimizing their harmful effects. Poisons, or Visha, are known for their rapid physiological action, and leveraging this characteristic, certain Ayurvedic formulations incorporate such substances to achieve quick therapeutic effects. This article reviews classical Ayurvedic texts concerning Vatsanabha, including its purification methods and both toxicological and medicinal properties. A thorough understanding of any drug, particularly the clinical applications and boundaries of poisonous substances, is crucial for their safe and effective use.

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 Keywords

Vatsanabha, Aconitum ferox, Shodhana, Aconite, Plant poison

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Abstract Background: Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, has gained attention as a sedative agent in pediatric anesthesia and intensive care due to its minimal respiratory depression and analgesic-sparing properties. However, its comparative efficacy and safety versus standard sedatives such as midazolam, ketamine, and propofol remain variably reported. Objectives: To systematically review and meta-analyze the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine for procedural and ICU sedation in pediatric populations. Methods: We included RCTs comparing dexmedetomidine (intravenous or intranasal) to other sedatives in children aged 1 month to 15 years, across procedural or critical care sedation settings. Outcomes assessed included sedation efficacy (time in target sedation level, Ramsay/COMFORT score), recovery time, hemodynamic stability (heart rate, blood pressure), and adverse events (bradycardia, hypotension, emergence agitation). A PRISMA-compliant search strategy was used. Results: Five RCTs involving 402 pediatric patients were included. Dexmedetomidine demonstrated comparable or superior sedation quality to midazolam and ketamine in five trials, with longer onset but more stable sedation profiles. While associated with increased bradycardia in ICU settings, dexmedetomidine showed reduced emergence agitation and shorter recovery times in procedural cases. No significant respiratory depression was reported across studies. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine appears to be a safe and effective alternative to conventional sedatives in both procedural and critical care sedation for children. Its favorable profile regarding respiratory safety and emergence behavior suggests a valuable role in select pediatric settings. Larger, multicenter RCTs are warranted to confirm optimal dosing strategies and long-term outcomes.

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 Keywords

Dexmedetomidine, Pediatric Sedation, Efficacy, Systematic Review

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Abstract Youth empowerment is a key component in the socio economic growth and development of the country in terms of sustainable growth. The scope of youth centric development in India is enormous, considering that India hosts the highest number of youths in the world. Young people could have their social, economic, and personal well-being improved through the leveraging of entrepreneurial development activities. Empowerment of the youth aims at better equipping them with skills, resources, means of developing their own business, leadership, social political participation and participation in the economy. Due to its high literacy, progressive levels of governance and human development, Kerala is a special state of program implementation and evaluation of youth empowerment. The focus of entrepreneurship development youth empowerment involves skill development, access to funds that encourage innovation and creativity, challenges, encouraging social impact and sustainable development. In this research paper, the role and support of Entrepreneurship Development Clubs and Yong Innovators Programme (YIP) on youth empowerment and entrepreneurship development among the students community was studied. Department of Industries & Commerce, Government of Kerala, developed a scheme to establish Entrepreneurship Development Clubs in schools and colleges within the State to inculcate Entrepreneurial Culture in the youth and provide them with the skills, techniques and confidence to become the torch-bearers of Enterprise in the new generation. YIP is intended to provide students with a taste of the innovation cycle process idea to final product or process to school and college students.

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 Keywords

Youth empowerment, entrepreneurship development, entrepreneurship development club, young innovators programme.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition