Volume 11 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

Abstract Farming plays a significant role in rural development. The significant contribution of farming to rural development are advocating employment, allied businesses, environmental services, and supporting the economic and social infrastructure. Mobile communication technology is creating opportunities for social and economic empowerment in developing countries, especially in farming. Smartphones are actively adopted by farmers in developing countries and this gives space for mobile applications that can meet their requirements. Many mobile applications have appeared for farmers in recent years such as Kisan Suvidha, eNAM, Plantix, etc., Farming Mobile applications contribute to Agricultural and Rural Development (ARD) by providing the latest information, markets, and services to lot of rural people. This paper provides a systematic review of the current trends of mobile applications in farming for rural development. The research design employed here is the secondary data analysis. Previously collected data have been tabulated and analyzed by the researcher. Different project reports, research studies, and conference proceedings were analyzed to document the current trends of mobile applications in farming for rural development. Findings reported that mobile applications will unlock enormous benefits for the farming community and rural development sector, particularly in developing countries.

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Keywords: Farming, Smart Phones, Mobile Applications, E-agriculture, Rural Development.

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The traditional education system in India has primarily focused on textbook knowledge while less on developing vocational knowledge and practical skills. NEP (National Education Policy) 2020 seeks to change this scenario by shifting the paradigm from a rote based academic approach to a skill- based education system as it recognizes the importance of vocational education and equips the students with the necessary skills to thrive in a rapidly evolving job market. According to the policy, by 2025, at least 50% of learners in the school and higher education system shall have exposure to the vocational education for which a clear action plan with targets and timelines one has to develop. To achieve these objectives, secondary schools will have to collaborate with industrial training institutes (IITS), Poly techniques, Local Industry, etc. Skill labs are also necessary and needed to be setup in the schools like a hub and spoke model, which will allow other schools to use the facility. Main challenges in implementing these recommendations lies mainly in the budgetary allocation and capacity of vocational institutes and administrator. It is high time that the government starts mapping out the linkages between the demands of industry and supply of vocational courses so that skills can be align according to the jobs available. Alongside these challenges, there is also a need to consider the factor of digital literacy. In order to effective implement the recommendations in the NEP 2020; the government needs to learn from the existing inadequacies in its training programmes. The existence of skilled work force is beneficial to any of the society and it will lead India ahead in the economic development. A quality vocational education provided by skilled institutions/trainers will generate a young and efficient work force, which will contribute immensely to the progress of our nation.

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Skill and vocational education, NEP 2020, policy perspectives, challenges

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Fear is one of the most primal and powerful human emotions. A phobia is an anxiety disorder. Phobias are more than simple fears. They develop when a person begins to organize their life around avoiding the things they are afraid off. If phobia have an overwhelming need to avoid all contact with the source of anxiety. There are few different groups of phobias such as specific and social phobias. It is described as excessive fear of a particular object or situation.

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Phobia, Specific phobia. Social phobia, Agora phobia, Amygdala protein

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In Ayurveda, Hridroga covers broad Spectrum with all cardiovascular diseases. According to current studies, 17.5 million people die each year from cardiovascular diseases, with an estimated 31 per cent of death worldwide. Among them 7.4 million died due to coronary heart disease,6.7 million due to stroke, atherosclerosis etc., hence it is needed to discover effective drugs which can prevent death due to cardiovascular diseases and other cardiac disorders. Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana is a branch of Ayurveda that focus on the preparation of herbo-mineral or metal contains formulations. These mineral-metal containing formulations, called Rasaaushadhi, works at cellular level thus, curing life-threatening diseases. The aim of the review is to collect data on various Rasaaushadhi used for the treatment of Hridroga.The present review reveals that these Rasasushadhi regularize Doshas normal functions and help in preventing Hridroga.

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Rasaaushadhi, Hridroga, Heart disease, Cardio-vascular disease

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This study examines the market capitalization-based performance and risk characteristics of Indian mutual fund schemes for the Large Cap and Small Cap funds. The study analyzes the annual returns throughout a range of investment periods (1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 5 years, and 10 years), as well as risk indicators including Standard Deviation, Beta, Sharpe, Jenson's Alpha, and Treynor's Ratio. By analyzing their past performance, the conclusions give light on the growth potential and risk profiles of mutual fund schemes. Depending on their investment goals and risk tolerance, investors can make informed decisions using the findings. The research aims to assist investors in understanding the risk-return trade-off and selecting the proper mutual fund schemes, within each market capitalization category, the study aims to support fund managers, financial advisors, and investors.

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Mutual funds, Large Cap funds, Small Cap funds, Performance analysis, Risk assessment, Investment returns, Risk ratios, Regular Plan

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Abstract: In this paper, Satellite (GOSAT, OCO-2) and in situ observation are used to estimate CO2 concentration over Indian region. The two different satellite are different temporal and spatial resolutions .The CO2 atmospheric with OCO-2 and GOSAT satellite observation over four different regions in the Indian land region. The analysis has good comparison and time series analysis shows us good coherent with atmospheric surface CO2 with satellite and in-situ observation .In the analysis observed seasonal and inter annual variation over four regions of box: North India(Box A) , South India(Box B) and North east India(Box C) and south west region(Box D). Over India region the CO2 maximum is in month of May and minimum in August/September .Both satellite observation shows seasonal and annual variation .The mainly effect of seasonal and inter-annual increase depends on terrestrial biosphere.

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GEOS-Chem, Carbon Dioxide, Greenhouse Gas, Seasonal Cycle, GOSAT, OCO-2

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Cashew processing industry is a labour-intensive industry. 17 states in the India are actively involved in cultivation of cashew. It provides job opportunities for 10 lakh workers in farm and factories, and majority of the workers are women workers belonging to socio-economically backward communities. The livelihood of many people in rural and semi urban India are dependent on this industry. On an average, this industry fetches foreign exchange equivalent to Rs.5200 crore to the nation per annum. The west coast area of Karnataka is an important cashew growing and processing centre. Mangalore is the birthplace of largescale cashew processing industry, which started in colonial times. Udupi and North Canara districts where cashew is extensively grown and processed. In order to be successful in any business they must be able to employ people who will stay with the business and perform at the high level. There should be a good employer-employee relationship and workers are to be satisfied with the financial rewards, working conditions and physical needs given to them. Human resource management practices are one way that organization can provide to their employees. Only satisfied workers are committed to the organization. This study helps to know the financial rewards, working conditions, employee relationship and physical needs arranged by the cashew factories to its workers. This study "Human Resource Management in cashew industry - a study of selected units of Udupi District" discloses the workers view towards the management which helps the factories and the related agencies to review the facilities provided to the workers.

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labour-intensive, cashew processing, colonial, extensively, physical needs

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This paper discusses the conditions under which phonology typically described speech in terms of phonological system of a language including an inventory of sounds and their features, and rules which specify how sounds interact with each other with respect to Tulu language, one of the Dravidian languages spoken by the people in the coastal area of states of Karnataka and Kerala.

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Phonological system, Tulu, inventory, segmental phonemes, consonants, vowels, diphthong, clusters, germination, syllabi structure, inventory

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Socio Economic status define the economical comparison of every individual in his or her society. In other hand education is the path for grown up in the society. In this study researcher try to investigate both of the side Socio-Economic and Educational Status of Tea Garden Workers with Special Reference to West Tripura District. This study would highly implicate to find out the relation, impact and all the conflict of the socio-economic status in the field of education. This study revealed that socio economic and educational condition of tea tribe children not up to the mark in regard of educational facilities and teacher pupil ratio of the school environment. This study revealed that schools have equal ratio of boys and girls students.

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Socio Economic Status, Educational Status, Tea Tribe Community .

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We know that Ilangovadikal had infused Kannagi, who is an ethno- mythological figure in the Tamil Thinai-kudi tradition, as a character who emphasizes Karpu (urging towards family system) in his work. But what exactly was the doctrine of fivefold Thinai karpu that he emphasized in the Tamil tradition? How did its material change settle in the society during the Colossian Middle Ages? What is its relevance in current use? This article presents and explains how the social acceptance of these was then and is now with reference to Silappadikaram.

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Silappadikaram, Karpu, Thinai-kudi tradition, family system

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition