Volume 8 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

The government concerns have shifted from earlier emphasis on raising foreign exchange earnings by cash crops and the establishment of large-scale commercial farms and neglected cereal production from subsistence farmers which accounted more than 80% of the cultivated area. During the 1974�1991, by large towards increasing productivity of smallholders to attain food self-sufficiency at national level through research-generated information and technologies, increasing the supply of industrial and export crops and ensuring the rehabilitation and conservation of natural resource base. However, population growth, environmental degradation, climate-related decline of yield, low level of farm input innovation, capital constraints are among the pressing constraints. The direction, the rate of change and the level of steps the agriculture sector taking up on the ladder of transformation to commercialized agriculture from its initial subsistence. Of course, it should be noted that, except for the progress made during the last two and half decades, the agricultural sector in Ethiopia had remained stagnant for centuries with limited progress in few specific areas. Consequently, the outcome of the suggestion made in this paper is believed to serve as problem area indicators for concerned stakeholders to develop and implement corrective measures that could help to accelerate the speed of transforming the existing agriculture into profitable agriculture. Crops such as maize, teff, and wheat within the category of cereals have shown an increment that ranges from 1.65 qt/ha to 23.21 qt/ha for maize; from 0.48 qt/ha to 19.89 qt/ha for teff; and from 1.16 to 13.21 qt/ha for wheat over the last five years (2013/14-2017/18). Similarly, crops such as faba beans and linseed have shown an increment that ranges from 0.36 to 14.91 qt/ha for faba beans and from 3.60 to 25.67 qt/ha for linseed over 2013/14 and 2017/18 estimates following the same pattern, the results of the 2018/19. It is hoped and expected that these yield increments would rise further in future with the commitment and adoption of suggestions forwarded in this paper.

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 Keywords

Agrobased development, crop productivity, fertilizer-use-efficiency, soil fertility, water-use-efficiency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The preservation method achieved by dairy industry is storage under refrigeration condition. Many dairy products are stored at refrigeration temperature by wholesale dealer and retailers but at this refrigeration temperature, milk and milk products allow the growth of psychrotrophic organisms. Considerable variations in incidence of psychrotrophs in fresh raw milk have been reported by different observers. Some difference may be regional or seasonal and some are associated with the methods of cleaning and disinfection of equipments in dairy. The aim of the present study was to monitor culturable mesophilic and psychrotrophic communities in fermented milk products collected from nine dairies included in Nasik division, that may influence milk and fermented milk products shelf-life. Enumeration of bacteria from these samples showed the presence of mesophilic as well as psychrotrophic bacteria in each of the sample and there was a considerable variation in mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacterial content amongst the samples. Chemical examination was carried out to decide the nutritive quality of fermented milk products. The chemical examination of fermented milk products includes determination of pH, acidity (in terms of lactic acid), fat, total solids, SNF, proteins, sucrose and ash contents. Chemical contents of all fermented milk products were within the range mentioned by Bureau of Indian Standards.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Fermented milk products, Shelf life, Psychrotrophs, Chemical composition

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs) are high tensile continuous fibers oriented in a desired direction in a special resin matrix. They are used as a confining reinforcement, externally bonded to the reinforced concrete (RC) beams to enhance their structural behavior. They enhance the ductility, shear and flexural capacities of the confined member. This project presents an experimental and analytical study on RC beams with external flexure strengthening by hybrid FRP sheets, which is a combination of Carbon FRP(CFRP) and Glass FRP (GFRP). The usage of hybrid FRPs provide both strength and ductility to the RC beam. The effect of the width of strengthening arrangements on the behavior of RC beams is investigated using two-point loading test. The strengthening effect of the FRP layers are interpreted using load-deflection pattern, ductility and the ultimate strength of the RC beams. The results are then compared with that of a conventional non-retrofitted specimen and the enhancement in the structural behavior of the specimen are presented. The analytical study involves finite element modelling using ABAQUS 6.14 and comparison of the results. Strengthening using hybrid FRPs is expected to enhance the life of the structure and thus cut down construction costs.

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 Keywords

CFRP, GFRP, Hybrid FRP, Strengthening, Finite element modelling.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Characterization Analysis of Zinc and aluminium Coating For Steels. Coating is a covering that is applied to the surface of an object usually referred to as the substrate. The properties of metals and alloys can be controlled and improved by modifying their microstructure when using their pulse current. Analyzing the characterization of Zinc and Aluminium Coating For steels by Electroplating Method.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Analysis of material, Characteristics of zinc and aluminium, Electroplating methodology.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

MAHATMA GHANDHI KE VICHAR- DRSHAN

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MAHATMA GHANDHI KE VICHAR- DRSHAN

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Non-performing asset is a serious problem faced by the banking sector in India. Both the public sector and private sector banks in India are suffering from this problem. The amounts of gross and net non-performing asset of the banks (both public sector and private sector) are mounting in recent times in India. In spite of adopting various efforts by Government of India and Reserve Bank of India for reducing and recovering of loans of the banks, the results are not satisfactory at all. This paper is an attempt to analyse the non-performing assets and its impact due to Covid 19

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NPA

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Construction activities affect the environment throughout the lifecycle of development. These impacts occur from introductory work on-site through the construction period, operational period, and to the final demolition when a building comes to a conclusion of its life. Despite the fact that the construction period is comparatively shorter in relation to the other stages of a building�s life, it has assorted huge impacts on nature. For that matter there is progressively growing concern about the impact of construction activities on human health and the environment. This paper describes about the environmental issues and human health issues in a construction site from the activities, materials, and equipment through a site survey. And also recommending the measures to minimize these impacts.

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 Keywords

Human Effects, Survey, Analysis, Cement

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Herbal Lipstick is a cosmetic product containing pigments, oils, fragrance, preservatives, colors, texture and protection to the lips. Lipstick formulation is used to augment the beauty of lips. Herbal lipsticks are gaining popularity because natural cosmetics are safe. It is easy to use and handle by women. This product has increased and choice shades of color, texture and luster have changed and become wider. In market hundreds of shades of colors are available to satisfy the demand by the women's. Herbal lipsticks having minimum side effects. The herbal lipstick having natural ingredients or nutrients it is safe to use that keep lips healthy. This review mainly focuses on natural ingredients, formulation, extracts, and defects in lipstick. There is no any side effect in herbal lipstick that's why we are doing herbal lipstick .Also doing the evaluations parameters like smoothness, greatnessmelting point, breaking point and pH parameters.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Natural, Herbal, Color, Ingredients, Lipstick, Formulation, side effect, safe.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Several issues have been raised in the past regarding the authenticity of Rummindei inscription. Many of them can be attributed to the inability to understand about half of the inscription. Certain other issues relate to inconsistencies of the inscription and suspicion of forgery by the discoverer. An alternate interpretation of the inscription has been able to provide a complete translation. It makes this inscription an edict prohibiting animal sacrifice as against the present belief that it is a record of King A?oka�s pilgrimage to the birthplace of Buddha. The aim of this paper is to examine if the alternate interpretation can explain the above issues. The results of the examination show that some of the issues could be satisfactorily explained.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Rummindei, Inscription, Authenticity, Birthplace, Buddha.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In preliminary stage, a smart poultry farm shows many distinctive features such as, automated food and water supply, egg collection, maintaining precise environmental factors etc. In this paper, Safety measures such as fire protection, anti-thief features which ensures an overall surveillance of the farm has been incorporated. Data storage through IOT is another enticing trait of this work which enables the users to Fig. out the required pre steps to adopt before any endangerments can occur. The GSM module can also provide a real time protection of the farm by notifying the farmer through an SMS at any alarming situations. All these distinguished features have been realized and observed with very perfection and it can be concluded, with the integration of GSM and IOT the proposed project work has taken the poultry farming into next level of advancement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Internet Of Things, GSM Module, Environmental factors,Real time protection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition