Volume 11 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

An anterior open bite is generally defined as a condition where the upper and lower posterior teeth are touching when the patient bites down, but the anterior teeth are not in occlusion. The categorization that Dockrell R. first described in 1952 discusses the etiology. The tongue almost completely covers the space in our mouth. The tongue's root is securely fixed to the mouth's floor. The tongue contains many cells of the body's defense system and even plays a major role in body language. The lingual tonsil (tonsilla lingualis) refers to the entirety of the tongue's defensive cells. The tongue's primary function is to aid in eating, drinking, chewing, grinding, swallowing, tasting, and eventually speaking. Speaking and eating are acts that involve more coordinated, automatic articulatory movement. The tongue's role in the pathophysiology of anterior open bite (AOB) is unknown. The absence of correct alignment of teeth may be the root of a speech issue. A discussion of the etiology, morphology, and therapy of anterior open bite malocclusion is provided. This review is distinguished by speech function, craniofacial skeletal structure, as well as tongue morphology, and functional motion.

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 Keywords

anterior open bite, tongue characteristics, speech characteristics

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Abstract This research paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of workplace stress management interventions in enhancing the well-being of healthcare workers. The healthcare sector is known for its demanding and stressful nature, which can adversely affect the physical and mental health of its workforce. This study will focus on analysing various stress management interventions implemented in healthcare settings and their impact on the well-being of healthcare professionals. By examining the effectiveness of these interventions, the paper intends to contribute to the development of strategies that promote the overall well-being and welfare of healthcare workers. Organizational interventions, such as workload management, supportive leadership, and fostering a positive work environment, were observed to contribute significantly to reducing stress and promoting well-being among healthcare workers. These interventions highlight the importance of systemic approaches to stress reduction, acknowledging the role of organizational culture and policies

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 Keywords

workplace stress management, well-being, healthcare workers, interventions, effectiveness.

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The way of behaving of radiant carbon added substances in green sand projecting is a basic variable that essentially impacts projecting quality and cycle proficiency. This study dives into the unpredictable cooperations between brilliant carbon added substances and the green sand combination, meaning to explain their effect on shape quality, surface completion, and projecting deformities. Through an extensive trial examination, the review investigates what fluctuating centralizations of glossy carbon added substances mean for key properties of the green sand, shaping cycle, and inevitable projecting results. The exploration configuration incorporates an efficient investigation of green sand properties, including compactability, penetrability, and shear strength, as they correspond with various degrees of glistening carbon added substance. Projecting preliminaries are directed to survey the added substance's impact on form discharge, metal stream qualities, and the event of deformities, for example, veining and scabbing. Besides, the review explores the ideal reflecting on boundaries that upgrade the conveyance and cooperation of glistening carbon inside the sand lattice. The results of the review uncover convincing bits of knowledge into the complicated connection between glossy carbon added substances and green sand conduct. Prominently, it becomes obvious that while the expansion of glossy carbon can fundamentally further develop shape discharge and lessen projecting deformities, there exists a reason behind consistent losses where inordinate added substance focus might display insignificant enhancements. The concentrate likewise reveals insight into the transaction between reflecting on span, energy info, and added substance scattering, adding to a nuanced comprehension of how to upgrade the pondering system for ideal projecting quality.

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 Keywords

Radiant carbon, Green Sand, Metal stream qualities, Sand lattice

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This study explores the impact of the ongoing Boko Haram insurgency on secondary school education in Adamawa State. It focuses on the disparities between the Northern Senatorial Zone (NSZ), where disruptions have been severe, and the Southern Senatorial Zone (SSZ), where disruptions have been less severe. By addressing five objectives and corresponding research questions, the study investigates the various challenges caused by the insurgency's impact on education. From damaging school buildings to distressingly abducting students and teachers, along with tragic loss of life, especially in 2014 and 2015, the need for fully understanding the educational consequences is emphasized. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional survey design, the study engages 92 participants from 16 secondary schools in both zones, combined with a careful review of school-related data. The findings reveal a notable difference, with the NSZ facing more difficulties in key areas such as enrollment, dropout rates, school facilities, and availability of staff. To tackle these issues, the study suggests important actions, notably increased funding from the State Government in collaboration with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). Through these joint efforts, the study highlights the potential not just to alleviate the negative impact of the insurgency on secondary education, but also to strengthen the educational system's ability to handle future challenges.

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 Keywords

Boko Haram insurgency, Secondary Education and Adamawa State

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The increasing antibiotic resistance of the pathogenic bacterial strains is a concerning global threat. It has potentially challenged the entire public health sector. Additionally, this rising issue has the potential to jeopardize various fields of medicine. The development of novel drugs to combat antibiotic resistance remains a significant challenge for the scientific community due to its slow progress. However, one of the promising approaches to counteract drug resistance is the use of antibiotics in combination. The current preliminary study exploits the aforementioned strategy to analyze the resistance pattern of the E. coli KL96 strain against three antibiotics? amikacin, ampicillin and gentamicin. Remarkably, it was observed that the combination of the three antibiotics demonstrated more efficient inhibition of the strain at comparatively lower doses, in contrast to individual antibiotic doses which displayed dose-dependent inhibition.

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Antibiotic resistance, multi-drug resistance, ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin

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Displacement and stress analysis of a simply supported smart laminate (layered plate) under plane stress and plane strain conditions of elasticity has been performed with a new mixed Semi-analytical model. The displacements, transverse normal and shear stresses, electric potential and transverse electric displacement have been considered as primary variables. The mathematical model is a two-point boundary value problem (BVP) governed by set of coupled first ordered ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Accuracy and efficiency of the proposed model are assessed by comparing the numerical results obtained from the present investigation with available elasticity solutions.

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semi-analytical method, laminate, piezoelectricity, smart materials, plane stress, plane strain

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This article established the usefulness of social media on the tourism establishments and its level of products patronage. Research has been conducted gathering information from tourism department to define the perceptions of social media and tourism. Simple analysis was employed to evaluate the collected observations, and the findings indicate that Social media is a tool for tourism marketing, regardless of the quality of service at a particular tourism destination, the slightest positive comment or recommendation can have a significant effect on the business. Social media makes it possible for the establishment to have a briefer and direct communication with target groups through the website, e-mail short message, forum, etc. without committed much spending on the advertisement of tourism services. They present people with a countless array of internet platforms that increase and enhance the sharing of information. They make the transfer of text, photos, audio, video and electronic information in general easy. Social media platforms include Google, Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, blogging, Linkedin, Flickr, Whatsapp, Wechat, Badoo, Quantcast, etc. These communication modes have experienced a tremendous growth during the recent past years, and as they continue to grow, so is the importance of harnessing their contributions as marketing and management tools for businesses, especially the tourism industry, since the industry has long relied so much on the spread of information through the word of mouth, destination popularity and other forms of print media.

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social media, tourism, advertisement, electronic information

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The auto rickshaws are India's most important intermediate public transport mode (IPT). Kerala, a southern state of India also depends on this mode as a vital part of public transportation. The COVID-19 situation affects the public transport system and a corresponding drop was observed during that period in this kind of para-transit system. This work analyzes the present status of the autorickshaw-based intermediate public transport system in Kerala on the basis of its number of registrations per year by the transport authority. The trend in registration is observed and suggestions were proposed. The existing nature of the E-Auto sector in Kerala is addressed based on its challenges.

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Intermediate Public Transport, autorickshaws, E-autorickshaws, growth rate.

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Abstract: Objective: The goal of the current study was to assess the effects of paraquat (PQ)-induced Parkinsonism in rats and the methanolic extract of rhizomes of Acorus calamus (MEAC) on that condition. Methods: In this study, three doses of MEAC (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o) and standard Madopar (10mg/kg p.o)were daily administered to rat for consecutive 28 days and Paraquat was administered once a week by intraperitoneal route for 4 consecutive weeks .The effect of extract was monitored using various behavioural ,anti-oxidant and histopathological assessments . Researchers examined how the activity of various biomarkers of oxidative stress and brain aging changed over time. Results: The optimum anti-parkinsonian activity was observed at 400mg/kg group of animals. All the behavioural parameters like Catalepsy, Akinesia, No. of falls, immobile period, tremors were significantly elevated and rearing behaviour is declined in PQ treated animals. However, a dose-dependent protection of the activities was seen in the rats after pre-treatment with MEAC. When PQ was chronically administered, the levels of reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, which are indicators of oxidative stress, considerably dropped and lipid peroxidation significantly increased, according to biochemical analyses of the brain tissue. MEAC treatment improved various biochemical indicators and reduced lipid peroxidation. Following pre-treatment of rats with MEAC, a dose-dependent protection of activities was observed. Conclusion: The In vivo studies showed a dose dependent increase in neuroprotective activity against Paraquat induced Parkinsonism. It was established that MEAC therapy effectively reduced motor deficits and protected the brain from oxidative stress.

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 Keywords

Parkinson's disease (PD), Oxidative stress, Lipid peroxidation, Catalase, Acorus calamus, Behavioural parameters, MEAC, Biochemical Parameters

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Malware detection is a critical task in cybersecurity to protect systems and networks from malicious software threats. Traditional signature- based approaches often struggle to keep up with the rapidly evolving landscape of malware. In recent years, deep learning techniques have shown promising results in detecting malware by leveraging the sequential nature of the data. This paper presents a novel approach that combines Long Short- Term Memory ( LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit ( GRU) networks for effective malware detection. The LSTM and GRU architectures are bot h variants of Recurrent Neural Networks ( RNNs) known for their ability to capture long- term dependencies in sequential data. By combining these architectures, the proposed method aims to leverage the complementary strengths of LSTM and GRU models for enhanced malware detection performance. The model's performance is rigorously evaluated using established metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall and F1- score. Comparisons are made wit h baseline models, including single LSTM and GRU models, as well as traditional machine learning classifiers. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the combined LSTM and GRU ensemble model in accurately detecting malware, particularly previously unseen variants. The ensemble approach capitalizes on the diverse capabilities of LSTM and GRU networks, resulting in improved detection rates and reduced false positives. The results obtained with model accuracy of 99% are presented.

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 Keywords

Malware, LSTM, deep learning,GRU,RNN

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