Volume 8 | Issue 9 |

 Abstract

The paper deals with the problem of manual scavenging in India as form of caste and occupation based on caste-based exclusion. In India, Dalits are placed lowest in the caste hierarchy. People who belong to lower caste are forced to do unclean jobs. The practice of manual scavenging in public and private dry toilets and open drains continue in several parts of India. India�s central government has approved legislative policy efforts to end manual scavenging. Because these policies are not implemented properly, people who are engaged in this job they face serious social pressure. People who work as manual scavengers that work is not accepted as designated work, which is associated with particular caste and it, carry the social stigma that they are unclean or �untouchable�. In India scavengers and sweeper still carry out the basic sanitary services in cities and town. Indian society has been exploitative, unfair and unjust to the weakest among the weak. Caste is a prominent base of inequality. The Dalits are at the lowest in Hindu Caste hierarchy. They are the most oppressed people in India.

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Caste, Scavenging, Exclusion, Dalits, Occupation.

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Whether, H.R Economic Model is reliable and become an alternative for Capitalism and communism or H.R Economic Model shall be sufficient to get rid of Poverty, inequality in worth corruption etc. and comparing of evolutionary Economic system between H.R Economic Model, Capitalism and Communism.

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Economic System, Human Resource Economic Model

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???? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????, ???? ??????, ????? ??????, ?????? ??????, ???? ??????, ??? ??????, ????? ???, ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? (320-185 ?.??.) ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??, ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ???, ???? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??, ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????, ????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???

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??????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????

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The Article Objective information on the impact of Education due to Covid-19 Pandemic, as well as on the ways of the rational. How to deals such type Pandemic in future and how to recovery present, again it is challenge reschedule and reopen the education, life's of teacher and student both are totally change online classes starts and offline class shutdown due to Covid-19 Pandemic

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Covid-19, Pandemic, education, unorganised sector.

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Fiscal decentralization � the devolution of revenue mobilization and spending powers to lower levels of government � has become a main theme of local governance in recent years. This is attributable to the fact that local government authorities being closer to the grassroots need stable and reliable revenues in order to serve the surrounding community. However, collected revenues by most local government authorities in Africa are generally not sufficient to supply adequate services for the fast-growing population. More often, it seems that targeted revenues as planned by local authorities are not met hence creating a havoc during the process of budget implementation. Strategizing on this problem, among other issues, several studies have highlighted the need for scholars to research on the reasons propelling taxpayers� compliance on paying taxes, levies and fees. Small taxpayers in Tanzania being stakeholders in the local taxation systems are obliged by laws to pay taxes, levies and fees to their local authorities, however, strategies to engage them and an extent to which they should feel engaged in the exercise of revenue collection seem not to be fully explored in Tanzania. Hence, using a meta-analysis design, this paper seeks to analyze different strategies through which small taxpayers need to get involved in enhancing local revenue collection in Tanzania.

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(small taxpayers, strategies for engagement, revenue collection, local government authorities

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Human resource management has its own sketch of past and has been derived from a number of actions in the past, present and will be consequent in the future. The purpose of this paper is to explore the hidden exposures of employee life cycle . The researcher has observed various aspects of employee life cycle and its contribution in HRD. Various HR activities need to be designed and worked out keeping in mind how the life cycle of employees and be generated and maintained in an organization. To retain and maintain talented employees in the organization is a exigent task . Organization which works in designing a proper growth cycle and development plan to an employee is always able to have competitive edge towards employee advancement.

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Employee Life Cycle, Growth, Development, Maturity, Promotion, Decline, Retirement and Retrenchment, employee life cycle, Recruitment, Adaptation, Competence, Career, Investment in human capital, Employee advancement .

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Education is believed to be a major parameter contributing towards nation building. Access to education is directly linked to economic advancements. Education has a wider scope in contributing towards poverty alleviation- a prime factor behind economic progress of a nation. Acquisition of knowledge ensures the way towards better skills, enhancing standard of living, designing new ideas, implementing innovations, paving the way to technological expansion, structuring strategies for research and development and instilling a sense of self independence among the learners. Hence, investments in education are a need of the hour. But, in India, a section of the population still faces the dearth of access to quality education. Accordingly, it is required to design initiatives to make learning accessible to all, which can thereby contribute towards economic development of the nation. Improvement in per-capita income, productivity, agricultural development, industrialization, entrepreneurship, policy determination, administration, foreign trade, self empowerment, social development, and access to better health facilities, better job prospects and human capital formation are the inherent consequences of increase in investment in education. These further enrich the economic status of an individual as well as the nation. The government has an active role to play in channelizing the relation between education and economic development. This paper intends to study this relationship between education and its contribution towards achieving economic transformation for the future.

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education, investment, contributions, economic transformation.

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ABSTRACT The signing of Oslo Accords between Israel and PLO was a historic event. There were several factors and events which played vital role but the intifada that started in December 1987 was the milestone event which led to the Oslo Accords. Hamas which was founded during intifada in a very short time became the face and voice of Palestinian liberation movement but it was the Oslo Accords which gave impetus to the movement. Throughout the entire Oslo Peace Period Hamas adopted a very calculative strategy. On the one hand it continued to criticize PLO and its leadership for selling out Palestinian cause in exchange of millions of dollars and on the other hand remain committed to Jihad including revenge killings against Israel. Thus, Hamas was able to preserve its identity and legitimacy as well as its revenge killings were widely accepted because it was presumed as the best means to redress Israeli assassinations. All these factors along with other gradually made Hamas what it is today.

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KEY WORDS: Israel, Hamas, PLO, Intifada, Islam, Zionism, Palestine

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The "Make in India" is an extraordinary program started by our Hon. Leader Mr. Narendra Modi, in the period of September 2014. The basis behind this plan is to pull in speculations from organizations around the globe. The idea of "Make in India" endeavors to pull in the inflow of Foreign Direct Investment to improve the administrations by halfway privatization of misfortune making organizations in the Public Sector of India. This paper makes a humble endeavor to discover the extension and reasonable open door for pulling in unfamiliar direct interest in the assembling segment in India. The investigation is totally founded on the optional information The point of this examination is to comprehend the worry, generally speaking prerequisites, modernization and complete impression of the makers of steel segment in India. The paper finishes up by proposing some significant methodologies and arrangements to make it a success win circumstance for the producers keen on beginning new pursuits on the Indian Soil.

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Foreign Direct Investment, Make in India, Privatization, Modernization, Public Sector

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Lockdown is a state of isolation or limited contact instituted as a security measure. It is an emergency protocol which generally averts individuals or information parting from an area. This protocol can be typically introduced by somebody who is in apex status such as government. This situation has arisen in our country due to the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID- 19). World Health Organization on March 11th 2020 declared COVID� 19 outbreaks as a pandemic and reiterated the call for countries to take immediate actions and scale up response to treat, detect and reduce transmission to save people�s lives. During this lockdown individuals are strictly not allowed to go out of their homes. They are encouraged to stay in their homes so as to control the spread of coronavirus. Indian government ramps up efforts to contain the spread of novel coronavirus including surveillance, installing caller Id in each and every incoming and outgoing phone calls, Slogans in ads, �Muskurayega India� song sung by actor Akshay Kumar and others whose lyrics speaks about Igniting hope and boosting public morale to outbreak Coronavirus. �Understanding the impact of coronavirus lockdown on the life of college going students� is the topic of interest to this research paper. For this research study, 548 sample responses were obtained from college going students in the suburban areas of Mumbai. For the primary data researchers has used the questionnaire. Authors has also formulated few hypotheses and used combination of tests to test them. These include F-test, T test and Mann-Whitney Test. Overall, it is concluded that this unexpected lockdown period has given a �boring� feeling to all youngsters as it has affected their daily routine, also the anxiety among them has increased in their minds but the positive point is their expenditure has decreased to a large extent.

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Lockdown, Covid -19, Outbreak of coronavirus

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition