Volume 10 | Issue 9 |

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Designed, Deterioration, Environmental-Friendly, Hazard, Industrialization, Sustainable etc.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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? Abstract The adhesion between two materials, at least one of which is a mucosal surface, is generally referred to as mucoadhesion. Mucosal medication delivery has drawn a lot of interest during the past few decades. Mucoadhesive dosage forms may be created to provide a regulated rate of drug release for a better therapeutic result by enabling prolonged retention at the site of application. Drug molecules that are not suitable for oral administration, such as those that undergo acid degradation or substantial first-pass metabolism, may benefit from the application of dosage forms to mucosal surfaces. The nature of the mucosal tissue and the physicochemical characteristics of the polymeric formulation are just two examples of the many variables that affect a dosage form's capacity to adhere to mucous membranes. This review article seeks to give a general overview of the numerous mucoadhesion issues, Mucoadhesive materials, factors affecting mucoadhesion, evaluation techniques, and ultimately various Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems (buccal, nasal, ocular, gastro, vaginal, and rectal). In the past 20 years, mucoadhesion has attracted fresh interest in drug delivery applications that involve extending the residence time of Mucoadhesive dose forms through various mucosal channels. Topical and local systems based on Mucoadhesive have demonstrated improved absorption. Since Mucoadhesive drug administration has a large surface area and a strong blood flow, it provides quick absorption and good bioavailability. Drug distribution over the mucosa avoids first-pass hepatic metabolism and gastrointestinal enzyme degradation. In order to distribute a rising number of high-molecular-weight sensitive compounds, such as peptide and oligonucleotides, mucosal drug delivery systems may be useful. The goal of this review is to provide a thorough explanation of mucoadhesion, most popular routes of administration for mucoadhesives along with oral and parenteral routes for minimisation of the nasal delivery by thermoreversible mucoadhesive.

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? Keywords Mucoadhesion, mucoadhesive drug delivery systems, nasal and parenteral routes, Thermoreversible Mucoadhesive

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The economy of the North East suffers from many issues since independence due to its geographical isolation and corrupt government bodies. The main reason for the downgrade of the economy of that area is the lack of proper administration of the central bodies. The introduction of the New Economic Reforms though considered bliss for the economy of the North East Region however the answer to this question is quite controversial and complex.

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Globalisation, North East India, agriculture, economy, problem and prospects.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the last decade, a lot of research has been done on wireless communications. The existing research focus on designing and developing technology driven, efficient and multiple applications-oriented antenna. The metamaterial antennas have proved their potential in research domain for its high efficiency, moderate gain and multiband applications. A triple layered, multiband, metamaterial inspired antenna is designed, developed, analyzed and presented in this paper. The proposed antenna design exhibits resonance at 3.34 GHz, and 5.35 GHz frequencies with moderate gain. The FR4 substrate has been utilized as a substrate. The claimed antenna is applicable for various wireless applications.

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Wireless communication, Metamaterial antenna, Split Ring Resonator

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Ambedkar, Buddhism, Dalit women, Buddhist women

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With the antibiotic resistance growth, there is rise of interest in discovering novel antimicrobial agents. The antibiotics restored with metal nanoparticles because of its enduring antibacterial properties. This investigation aimed for gold nanoparticles biosynthesis and determines the antibacterial efficacy against some human bacterial species.The gold nanoparticles was characterized by UV, FT-IR and DLS. The impacts of synthesized gold nanoparticles were tested against E.coli (Gram-negative), S. aureus (Gram positive), S.pneumoniae (Gram positive) and K. pneumonia (Gram-negative) by disc diffusion method (Kirby Bauer test).The gold nanoparticles were synthesized from the plant Coleus amboinicus leaves extract. The spectrum of UV-Vis revealed a higher peak at 546 nm; the FTIR showed the phenolic compounds in the plant extract that were responsible for the formation of gold nanoparticles and the DLS revealed the size to be 104.5 nm. The gold nanoparticles indicate the minimum and maximum activity for antibacterial pathogens towards E.coli, K. pneumonia, S.pneumoniae and S. aureus. Thus, the synthesized gold nanoparticles might be a better option to develop an antibacterial agent against selected bacterial human pathogens.

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Coleus amboinicus, gold nanoparticles, Antibacterial activity, nanotechnology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cognitive impairment of dementia is memory loss problems in the elderly. Primary care providers are the first point of contact for most patients with these disorders and should be familiar with their diagnosis, prognosis and management. Both mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia are characterized by objective evidence of cognitive impairment. The main distinctions between mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia are that in the, more than one cognitive domain is involved and substantial interference with daily life is evident. The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia is based mainly on the history and cognitive examination. The prognosis for mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia is an important motivation for diagnosis, as in both, there is a heightened risk for further cognitive.

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Dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Mild cognitive impairment, Epidemiology, Diagnosis,

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Manipulation, Dark psychology, Predator, Stream of consciousness, Psychoanalysis, Oscar Wilde, Virginia Woolf.

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INTRODUCTION- Episiotomy can be delineated as the procedure in which vaginal orifice is enlarged through an incision of the perineum. This procedure is commonly done for almost all women to help for a safe and easy labour particularly during their first de-livery. This incision befalls either through the second phase of labour or rights earlier the labour. Episiotomy comprises some types such as: medio-lateral, median, lateral and J-shaped episiotomy. Of these, a medio-latera l episiotomy is the most repeated. A study to assess the knowledge regarding infrared lamp therapy on healing of episiotomy wound. The data was collected through structured knowledge questioner to assess the knowledge on infrared lamp therapy through episiotomy wound healing among GNM III year students. The study was conducted in nursing colleges at Amroha. OBJECTIVE - the objective of the study was to assess the knowledge regarding infrared lamp therapy on healing of episiotomy wound among GNM III year students. METHODS - non probability convenience sampling methods was used for sampling. Total sample size was 60. Pre designed questionnaire was used in the study. Questions were related to knowledge about infrared lamp therapy and episiotomy. Participants were directed to complete the test on offline mode. The data was statistically analysed. RESULT- 60 GNM III year students participated. Result revealed that 6 students have poor level of knowledge, 5 students have average knowledge and majority of 49 students have good knowledge of infrared lamp therapy and episiotomy. CONCLUSION - The test revealed that there was a no significant association of knowledge with selected demographic variables. The present study proved that the assessment was significantly effective in improving the knowledge of G.N.M III year students regarding infrared lamp therapy on healing of episiotomy wound.

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Infrared lamp therapy, Episiotomy wound, Wound healing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Despite all improvements in rheumatoid arthritis, we are still not able to prevent or cure the disease. Diagnostic delays due to lack of access to a specialist and costly therapies are still a major obstacle for many patients. Even in first-world countries, the treat-to-target principle and the goal of disease remission are often missed. Thus, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still the reason for disability and reduced quality of life for many patients. So, is it time to move the goalpost even further? Where are we heading next? And will we finally be able to cure the disease? These questions are addressed in our review article.

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P4 medicine, personalized medicine, digital health, Rheumatoid arthritis

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition