Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

The present study investigated the relationship between selected anthropometrical variables and their impact on javelin throwing performance This study aimed to examine the relationship between selected upper and lower limb anthropometric parameters and javelin throwing performance. The sample consisted of five top-level javelin throwers representing Indian Railways in the 88th All India Inter Railway Athletics Championship (2023-24), with an average performance of 66.80 meters. Anthropometric measurements included full arm length (FAL), upper arm length (UAL), lower arm length (LAL), full leg length (FLL), upper leg length (ULL), and lower leg length (LLL). Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant and strong positive relationship between throwing distance and both FAL (r = 0.888, p = 0.044) and LAL (r = 0.935, p = 0.020), suggesting that longer arm segments contribute to enhanced lever mechanics and release efficiency. While UAL showed a positive trend (r = 0.767), it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.130). Leg segment lengths demonstrated moderate, yet statistically insignificant, positive correlations with performance, indicating a potential but less decisive role in supporting stride dynamics and stability. These findings highlight the relevance of upper limb proportions--especially full and lower arm lengths--as key predictors of javelin throwing success and emphasize their value in athlete assessment, training optimization, and talent identification processes.

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The present study investigated the relationship between selected anthropometrical variables and their impact on javelin throwing performance This study aimed to examine the relationship between selected upper and lower limb anthropometric parameters and javelin throwing performance. The sample consisted of five top-level javelin throwers representing Indian Railways in the 88th All India Inter Railway Athletics Championship (2023-24), with an average performance of 66.80 meters. Anthropometric m

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In the quickly evolving digital age, social networking sites (SNS), such as Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp etc., become increasingly important in the lives of teenagers. They have an impact on teens' brain development in addition to how they interact with one another. This study looks at how students in higher secondary schools in Odisha (Arts, Science, and Commerce) utilize social networking sites (SNS) and how it affects their ability to think critically. In order to determine whether there were changes in the critical thinking abilities of 150 students (50 from each stream) based on the degree to which they used social networking sites, we used paired t-tests, two-sample t-tests, and ANOVA. The results show that SNS has a statistically significant impact on the critical thinking abilities of students studying the arts and sciences, but not those studying commerce. The Comparative studies and ANOVA also showed that the effects of SNS on different streams had wildly disparate outcomes. According to the findings, children in both streams need different digital education techniques, and they should use social media responsibly to help their brains develop.

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Social Networking Sites (SNS), Critical Thinking, Higher Secondary Students, Academic Streams, Digital Literacy, Cognitive Development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized content creation, leading to increasingly sophisticated outputs such as literature, music, art, and code generated with minimal or no human input. However, this technological evolution has outpaced the development of legal frameworks, particularly in the realm of copyright law. Traditional copyright systems are built upon the notion of human authorship, leaving AI-generated content in a legal grey area. This paper critically examines the existing legal lacuna surrounding the ownership and protection of AI-generated works. It explores global perspectives, including approaches by jurisdictions such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and India, and highlights the inconsistencies and challenges in attributing authorship and rights. The study argues that the current copyright regime inadequately addresses the complexities of machine-generated creativity, thereby posing significant risks to creators, developers, and users. Through a doctrinal and comparative legal analysis, the paper underscores the urgent need for legal reform to redefine authorship and ownership in the age of artificial intelligence.

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AI-generated content, copyright law, intellectual property, artificial intelligence, machine creativity, legal lacuna, ownership rights, doctrinal analysis.

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This paper, titled "The Self as Light (?tma-Jyoti?): A Unified Vision of Consciousness in the Upani?ads and Yogas?tra", presents a comparative analysis of the concept of consciousness in the Indian philosophical tradition. In particular, the nature of the Self is critically examined through the three states of consciousness--waking, dreaming and deep sleep--described in the Upani?ads and the various forms of Sam?dhi described in the Yogas?tra. The main objective is to examine how the Self is viewed as 'light' or '?tman-Jyoti' in both the Upani?ads and Yoga-Darshan and how this view contributes to the process of self-realization and liberation. While the Upani?ad portray the Self as a witnessing and self-illuminating entity, the Yogas?tras reveal higher states of consciousness through Sam?dhi. This article explains the unifying philosophy underlying both traditions--in which the Self is not only the ground of experience but also the light of all knowledge and liberation. Ultimately, this research presents an esoteric view of the nature of the Self that lies beyond the three states of consciousness and Sam?dhi.

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?tma-Jyoti?, Avasth?traya, Sam?dhi, Turiya, Upani?adic Consciousness Yogas?tra Philosophy, Self-realization

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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As the demand for cloud storage increases, ensuring data security while maintaining system performance remains a significant challenge. Traditional encryption methods, while providing robust protection, often lead to performance bottlenecks and inefficient resource utilization. This paper presents DSF (DynSecFrag), a novel cloud storage security framework that combines dynamic data fragmentation, location-based key generation, and chain encryption to address these challenges. By using random number generation (RNG) for dynamic fragmentation, DSF ensures unpredictability, making it resistant to targeted attacks. Each data fragment is encrypted with a unique location-based key, adding an additional layer of security, while the chain encryption technique links each fragment's encryption to its predecessor, creating a complex decryption process. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that DSF outperforms traditional encryption methods by offering superior security, reduced computational overhead, and minimal impact on network bandwidth. The results indicate that DSF is a scalable and efficient solution for securing sensitive cloud data while optimizing performance. Future work will focus on optimizing the system for post-quantum security and integrating it with decentralized cloud storage models.

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Cloud Storage, Data Fragmentation, Dynamic Security, Chain Encryption, Location-Based Key Generation, Random Number Generation, Secure Cloud, Performance Optimization

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The trajectory of growth is often not linear, relationship between macroeconomic variable changes a number of times before we can actually ascertain the actual impact of remittances on the GDP. This study employs threshold regression analysis to identify the threshold limit beyond which remittances significantly impact GDP growth in India. Furthermore, the dynamic relationship between remittances and GDP growth has been studied by incorporating structural breaks in remittance inflows as dummy variables in interaction with remittances which was done using ARDL. The study aims to identify various points in the timeline of remittances inflow in India and their respective impacts on the GDP. The results suggest that remittances can drive secular growth in the long run, subject to certain exogenous and endogenous factors. The analysis covers the time period from 1975 to 2023 and the data has been extracted from World Bank.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Remittances, GDP, India, Threshold Regression, Structural Break, ARDL

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The experimentation was carried out on a setup consists of single cylinder port injection dual fuel, four stroke Common rail direct injection (CRDI), Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) and open Electronic Control Unit (ECU) engine connected to eddy current dynamometer. The diesel fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber as a pilot fuel with common rail fuel injection system and methanol fuel is injected into the intake manifold by using separate fuel injector as main fuel. The aim of this project is to perform the experimentation for Methanol (CH3OH) utilization in Dual fuel compression ignition and investigation of the Combustion characteristics and performance analysis and emission analysis of the engine running at constant 1500 rpm and 100% load. Five methanol replacement ratios (MRR) such as 0% (pure diesel), 15 %, 25%, 35%, and 45% were conducted. From study it is observed that, premixed diesel combustion was retarded as well as improved, diffusion diesel combustion was increased and progressed, ignition delay was longer, combustion duration was lowered, methanol is the most beneficial in terms of extending ignition delay and lowering combustion duration for the specific methanol replacement ratio.Net heat release rate (HRR) and NOx increases consistently for increasing MRR at 100% load. The BTE decreases consistently with increasing the MRR. Lower CO and smoke opacity emission was reported with high MRR. HC and CO2emissions were higher for high MRR.

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Keywords: Compression Ignition Engine, Dual fuel, port injection, Methanol, Pilot fuel.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health concern in India, with its psychological and social dimensions often overshadowed by biomedical approaches. This study explores the psychological effects of social isolation experienced by TB patients during treatment. Drawing on secondary data and thematic analysis of existing literature, the research highlights how prolonged treatment, hospitalization, and stigma contribute to feelings of loneliness, depression, anxiety, and stress among patients. Stigma--rooted in misinformation and cultural beliefs--emerges as a key driver of both social and psychological isolation, particularly impacting vulnerable groups based on age, gender, socio-economic status, and duration of treatment. The findings underline the urgent need for integrated psychosocial interventions, including counselling, peer support, and community education, within TB care programs. Addressing the mental health needs of TB patients alongside medical treatment is essential for improving adherence, reducing relapse, and enhancing overall well-being. This study advocates for a holistic, stigma-sensitive approach to TB management in high-burden settings.

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 Keywords

Tuberculosis (TB), Social Isolation, Mental Health, Stigma, Depression and Anxiety, Psychosocial Support, Treatment Adherence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women empowerment has been the highlighted part of discussion in present context especially in the field of social sciences. Women empowerment is also seen as a parameter for development of a country. The equal empowerment and gender quality holds to be vital for developing a country in all spheres. The government of India however being aware of it has come up with certain schemes that supports gender equality and empowerment. The paper discusses the need of women empowerment and gender equality and the brought up by Indian government that ensures gender equality and how far has progressed.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Women, gender, equality, schemes, empowerment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Poykayil Appachan, one among the pioneer anti-caste activists and social thinkers from Kerala, articulated the absence of representation for his community by stating, "I can't see anything written about my people." He expressed this concern well before the issues of intellectual subjugation and epistemic invisibility among marginalized groups became widely discussed in Kerala. This paper explores epistemic erasure of Dalit women in Kerala by reviewing historical and modern debates on knowledge production and alternative narratives. Although Kerala is recognized for its high social indicators and widely regarded development model, there have been challenges in recognizing or representing the perspectives of marginalized groups. This paper examines epistemic erasure, focusing on the systemic underrepresentation or misrepresentation of Dalit women's experiences, perspectives, agency, and histories. By analysing several notable movements, the author explores the intersections of caste, gender, patriarchy, and internal power dynamics within the Dalit community. The paper examines how Dalit women writers and activists assert themselves and express agency in mainstream discourse

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Dalit Women, Kerala Model, Epistemic Erasure, Knowledge Production

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition