Volume 9 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Multimodal neuroimaging analysis offers promising potential for enhancing the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and its subtypes. This work proposes an end-to-end framework that integrates structural MRI, synthetically generated PET images, and cognitive test scores to improve diagnostic accuracy and cognitive phenotype characterization. A 2D CycleGAN model is employed to synthesize PET scans from MRI inputs, preserving structural and metabolic consistency, as validated by SSIM and PSNR metrics. The synthesized PET images are labeled using a fine-tuned Inception-based classifier trained on the Kaggle OASIS dataset, achieving a classification accuracy of 98.08%. Patient-level features from both MRI and PET modalities are extracted using ResNet, while cognitive test scores are used to assign phenotypes through a decision tree classifier. Feature-level fusion is then performed to cluster patients into severity-based groups, highlighting the added value of multimodal integration. This framework demonstrates the potential of multimodal pipelines for Alzheimer's diagnosis, providing a foundation for future clinical decision support systems.

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 Keywords

Multimodal fusion, Alzheimer's diagnosis, PET synthesis, CycleGAN, cognitive phenotyping, decision tree, ResNet, Inception, clustering, MRI.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Supervised machine learning algorithms play a critical role in solving classification problems across science and engineering. This study presents a comparative evaluation of four widely used supervised classification models--Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Decision Tree--using the Iris and Wine benchmark datasets. An experimental design was adopted with an 80/20 stratified train-test split, standard normalization, and label encoding to ensure fair comparison across models. Performance was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score to capture both correctness and robustness of predictions. Results show that SVM consistently achieves the highest accuracy (0.98 for Iris and 0.88 for Wine), followed closely by Logistic Regression, while KNN and Decision Tree generally exhibit lower performance, reflecting sensitivity to feature scaling and over fitting, respectively. These findings confirm that classifier effectiveness strongly depends on dataset characteristics, including separability and feature distributions. The study underscores the necessity of empirical benchmarking when selecting classification algorithms for real-world problems rather than relying on default or heuristic choices. Future research should extend this comparison to ensemble and deep-learning-based classifiers and incorporate larger, higher-dimensional engineering datasets to enhance generalizability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Supervised machine learning, Classification algorithms, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Technological advances plus the evolving work and family roles of women in this country have contributed to the business environment of the 21st century. The changing roles of women in India have led to their greater participation in the employment sector and changes in many aspects of Indian life.

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WORKING WOMEN AND THEIR PROBLEMS IN INDIA

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The growing demand for sustainable and energy-efficient cooling solutions in industrial applications has intensified interest in refrigeration systems powered by renewable energy sources. Conventional vapour compression refrigeration systems are heavily dependent on electrical energy derived from fossil fuels, leading to increased operating costs and environmental concerns. In this context, the present work focuses on the design and performance evaluation of a solar-assisted vapour absorption refrigeration system (VARS) intended for industrial cooling applications. The proposed system integrates a solar thermal energy collector with a vapour absorption refrigeration cycle, utilizing low-grade heat energy to drive the refrigeration process. Ammonia-water is considered as the working fluid pair due to its suitability for industrial-scale cooling. The system design parameters, including generator temperature, absorber efficiency, and heat exchanger effectiveness, are analyzed under varying solar radiation conditions. Performance evaluation is carried out in terms of coefficient of performance (COP), cooling capacity, thermal efficiency, and energy savings. The experimental and analytical results demonstrate that solar energy can effectively supplement conventional heat sources, leading to a significant reduction in electrical energy consumption and operational costs. The study confirms that solar-assisted VARS offers a viable, environmentally friendly, and economically attractive alternative for industrial cooling applications, particularly in regions with high solar insolation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Solar-Assisted Refrigeration, Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System, Industrial Cooling, Renewable Energy, Thermal Performance, Coefficient of Performance (COP).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Soldier Safety and Monitoring System is a comprehensive solution that enhances battlefield survivability and situational awareness for soldiers. By leveraging a network of wearable sensors, including smart watches, body sensors, and head-mounted displays, the system continuously monitors soldiers 'vital signs, such as heart rate ,body temperature, and hydration levels. This data, combined with real-time environmental information like air quality, radiation levels, and chemical threats, is transmitted wirelessly to a central command and control center. Employing advanced PCB Technology, the system analyzes this data stream to identify potential threats, predict health risks, and provide personalized insights into each soldier's physical and cognitive state. This proactive approach enables rapid response to injuries, optimized medical resource allocation, and enhanced soldier well-being. Furthermore, the system provides soldiers with real-time battlefield intelligence, including enemy locations, friendly forces positions, and dynamic threat assessments, significantly improving their situational awareness and decision-making capabilities. By integrating these technologies, the Soldier Safety and Monitoring System aims to minimize the human cost of warfare while ensuring the safety and effectiveness of military personnel.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Soldier Safety, Monitoring System, Battlefield Survivability, Situational Awareness, Wearable Sensors, AI-powered Analytics, Vital Signs, Environmental Hazards, Real-time Intelligence, Rapid Response, Threat Detection, Health Risks, Personalized Insights,MedicalResourceAllocation,SoldierWell-being,BattlefieldIntelligence,EnemyLocations,FriendlyForces, Decision-Making Capabilities, Human Cost of Warfare, Military Personnel.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Green banking mainly focuses in promoting environment-friendly practices and reduce carbon footprint from the day-to-day banking activities. Each and every small 'Green' step taken by banks would go a long way in building a greener future. Presently, banks encourage their customers to subscribe for e-statements and other electronic formats of communication to reduce paper consumption. It is an important step taken by banks towards converting Indian economy into a sustainable digital economy. Through this paper, the researcher tried to find out the steps or ways adopted by banks to go green. The Study would also try to examine whether there is any significant difference between the banks in relation to implementation of green banking initiatives. An emphasis will also be made in order to find out the various challenges faced by banks in implementing the green banking initiatives.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Bank, Green, Sustainability

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Over the past few decades, higher education has undergone significant academic and administrative reforms. A key change has been the shift from the conventional annual system to a semester system, and subsequently, to a Choice Based Credit System (CBCS), as recommended by the Gnanam Committee. The University Grants Commission mandated the adoption of CBCS in all universities and higher education institutions starting from 2015. This reform aims to align Indian higher education with global standards and meet the demands of the 21st-century knowledge landscape. However, empirical studies have highlighted issues such as a skill gap, particularly in communication skills, rendering many graduates unemployable. Additionally, outdated syllabi, limited course flexibility, lack of student mobility, and inadequate evaluation systems have been concerns. CBCS was introduced to address these issues, focusing on learner-centric methods, interdisciplinary approaches, skill-based courses, and flexibility. This paper examines the challenges and issues faced in the practical implementation of CBCS.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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learner-centric approach, interdisciplinary approach, Choice Based Credit System.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Concrete, the most widely used construction material in the world, is highly susceptible to microcracking due to the combined effects of environmental exposure and mechanical stress. Water, chlorides, and sulfates can penetrate through these microcracks, accelerating deterioration. Conventional repair methods are often labour-intensive, time-consuming, and costly. In contrast, self-healing concrete offers the ability to autonomously seal cracks and restore structural functionality. Microbial-based systems have gained significant attention due to their unique healing mechanism and performance characteristics. These systems rely on microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP), typically triggered by specific strains of urealytic bacteria. Polymer-based self-healing systems, particularly those utilizing superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), depend on physical swelling and water retention to block cracks and support autogenous healing. This comparative study evaluates both self-healing strategies with a focus on their crack-sealing capability, mechanical strength recovery, durability enhancement, and practical feasibility. The analysis is grounded in an extensive review of peer-reviewed literature. Microbial-based systems offer promising eco-friendly and sustainable healing, particularly in moist environments, but face challenges related to bacterial survivability and uniform distribution. On the other hand, SAP-based systems, though associated with higher costs and potential long-term chemical interactions, provide rapid and repeatable healing with better integration into the concrete matrix. The study suggests that hybrid and next-generation integrated systems represent a forward-looking approach to improving infrastructure resilience by tailoring self-healing strategies to specific structural and environmental conditions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Self-healing concrete; microbial-induced calcite precipitation; superabsorbent polymers; infrastructure durability; crack healing mechanisms; sustainable materials; strength recovery; durability performance; autonomous repair systems; polymer-based healing; microbial healing systems; MICP; SAP; concrete rehabilitation; eco-efficient construction materials.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Chaolung Sukapha, the first Ahom king in medieval period, was the founder of the Ahom kingdom in Assam. A Tai prince originally from Mong Mao, (which is now included within the Dehong-Dai Singhpho Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan in Peoples Republic of China), the kingdom he established in 1228 existed for nearly six hundred years and in the process unified the various tribal and non-tribal peoples of the region that left a deep impact on the region. He was a brave and courageous dignitary who enlightened every part of his kingdom. His good governance not only influenced the Ahom kingdom but also the other small states in Assam, then known as Kamrup. To make the Ahom dynasty powerful and permanent he undertook conciliatory measures towards the neighbouring kings. He appointed Katakis and two chief Buragohain and Borgohain which were most essential for the foundation, growth and prosperity of his newly established regime. Through this study, an effort has made to draw the role of Sukapha in founding Ahom dynasty in Assam and to understand his relation with other neighbouring countries in maintaining peace. In reference to his position in Assam's history the honorific Chaolung is generally associated with his name (Chao: lord; Lung great).

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Ahom Kingdom, Ahom dynasty, Assam, brave, founder, good governance, states.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Intherapidlyevolvingfieldofartificialintelligence,voiceassistantshavebecomeanintegralpartofmoderntechnology,significantlyimprovinghuman-computerinteraction.ThisprojectfocusesonthedevelopmentofanadvancedAI-poweredvoiceassistantdesignedtostreamlinevarioustasksthroughintelligentvoicecommands.Unliketraditionalvoiceassistantsthatprimarilyperformpredefinedtasks,thissystemoffersanexpandedrangeoffunctionalities,includingsendingWhatsAppvoicemessageswithoutmanualinput,openingwebsitesdirectlyviavoicecommands,performingreal-timeYouTubesearches,generatingtextandimagesusingAImodels,andanalyzingdocumentsforcontentextraction.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Advance Smart Assistant for Differently able Persons Using Artificial Intelligence

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition