Volume 10 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

A solvent that creates less hazards to human, animals and environment is called a green solvent. The separation of Benzene/Acetonitrile mixture is carried out using Dimethyl sulphoxide as an entrainer. Dimethyl sulfoxide can be replaced by a greener solvent, 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane, also known as iso-Octane. The vapour-liquid phase equilibrium data that are required for the design of separation system for the iso-Octane / Benzene mixture are not available in the literature. The experimental measurement of phase equilibrium data for vapour and liquid is a time-consuming and a costly affair. Instead, group contribution method such as modified UNIFAC Dortmund method can be used to predict the vapour-liquid equilibrium data. These data can be used for the design purpose. However, these data can be used for only preliminary design and for the final design of separation system, experimental data are indispensA solvent that creates less hazards to human, animals and environment is called a green solvent. The separation of Benzene/Acetonitrile mixture is carried out using Dimethyl sulphoxide as an entrainer. Dimethyl sulfoxide can be replaced by a greener solvent, 2,2,4-trimethyl pentane, also known as iso-Octane. The vapour-liquid phase equilibrium data that are required for the design of separation system for the iso-Octane / Benzene mixture are not available in the literature. The experimental measurement of phase equilibrium data for vapour and liquid is a time-consuming and a costly affair. Instead, group contribution method such as modified UNIFAC Dortmund method can be used to predict the vapour-liquid equilibrium data. These data can be used for the design purpose. However, these data can be used for only preliminary design and for the final design of separation system, experimental data are indispensableable

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 Keywords

Phase equilibrium, vapour-liquid equilibrium, Benzene, iso-octante, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, modified UNIFAC Dortmund method

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Space allotments for various kind of waste have been a major problem in all countries of the world. There are wastes like E-waste, Hazardous waste, Agricultural waste, Industrial waste, Municipal waste, Commercial waste, Chemical waste, etc. We are using the waste, Coconut fiber in this project for building material and to protect environment and natural resource like. The basic waste used in this project is coconut fiber to attain the strength of the brick. At first we have to shredded coconut fiber into the small pieces, mix them at the right proportion to make this brick, bricks are allowed to laid on the ground with the help of the mould, wet bricks are dried for seven days, the bricks have to be burnt for 15 to 20 days to attain the good strength. After these process bricks carried to the testing process as per Indian Standard codes 3495 part 1&2, 1077. The tests are Compression Test and Water Absorption Test.

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Experimental Investigation on Brick with the Partial Replacement of Coconut Fibre

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The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled the development of innovative smart home automation systems that enhance comfort, safety, and energy efficiency. Conventional systems often rely solely on cloud-based platforms or high-cost commercial solutions, which can limit accessibility and usability for common households. This paper presents an IoT-based smart home automation system that integrates Arduino microcontroller, ESP32, Adafruit IO cloud services, and Bluetooth-based voice assistance to provide a cost-effective and hybrid solution. The system is designed to control multiple household appliances including a tube light, bulb, and fan using relays, with dual modes of operation: cloud monitoring via ESP32 with Adafruit IO and local voice commands via HC-05 Bluetooth module connected to Android and iOS applications. The Adafruit IO platform enables real-time monitoring of device status with timestamp logging, ensuring transparency and energy usage tracking, while Bluetooth-based voice control enhances accessibility and usability for all age groups. The proposed system demonstrates efficient performance, low latency, and user-friendly interaction, making it suitable for smart homes, elderly care, and energy management applications.

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 Keywords

IoT, Smart Home Automation, Arduino, ESP32, Adafruit IO, Bluetooth HC-05, Voice Assistance, Home Appliances.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a game changer in the banking industry, changing traditional banking operations and service delivery paradigms. The integration of AI technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data analytics allows banks to increase operational efficiency, risk management, and customer experience while also ensuring regulatory compliance. This study investigates the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the banking sector, focusing on applications such as customer service, fraud detection, credit evaluation, and personalized banking. It also addresses the problems and ethical concerns that come with AI adoption, such as data privacy, transparency, and workforce repercussions. The report concluded that, while AI offers great prospects for innovation and competition, successful adoption necessitates strong governance, trained human resources, and responsible use.

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 Keywords

: Artificial Intelligence, Banking Sector, Machine Learning, Financial Technology, Digital Banking

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The architecture of teacher professional development (PD) in India must be strategically designed to meet the dual mandate of educational quality and radical inclusion, as outlined by national policy. The legislative framework, particularly the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act (RPwD), 2016, establishes a clear expectation that schools must ensure quality education through inclusive practices. This statutory requirement necessitates a systemic framework capable of reducing barriers for all learners, thereby transcending traditional models of reactive accommodation. The Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework serves as the most effective pedagogical blueprint for achieving this proactive, barrier-reducing approach to curriculum design.

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Designing High-Fidelity Teacher Professional Development for UDL-SEL Integration: A Strategic Roadmap for Indian Schools

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This paper presents the design and development of an AI-powered wearable smart helmet system aimed at enhancing rider safety through intelligent sensing, communication, and automation. The system is divided into two parts: a transmitter unit embedded in the helmet and a receiver unit integrated with the motorcycle. The helmet unit uses a Nordic microcontroller as the core processor, along with a pressure sensor to verify helmet usage, an alcohol sensor to detect intoxication, and a gesture sensor for hands-free call management. It communicates with the bike via an RF transmitter. The receiver unit consists of a Nordic microcontroller, ADXL sensor for bike tilt and crash detection, a relay system to control vehicle ignition, and a motor driver for prototype operation. In the event of a crash, the system activates a GSM module to send the GPS location via SMS and triggers a buzzer to alert nearby individuals. The proposed solution not only enhances rider safety but also automates critical functions such as accident response and ignition lock, making it a practical advancement in smart transportation and wearable safety technology.

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 Keywords

Smart Helmet, Crash Detection, Alcohol Monitoring, Vehicle Lock System, Nordic Microcontroller, GPS, GSM, Gesture Control, RF Communication, AI-Powered Safety.

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In India's rapidly evolving educational landscape, the importance of English language proficiency has increased significantly. Once viewed merely as a colonial inheritance, English has now emerged as a vital global language that connects individuals to higher education, employment, science, and technology. For students in rural areas, especially in Haryana, learning English holds the promise of upward mobility and socio-economic empowerment. However, the reality on the ground is far more complex. English language teaching (ELT) in rural Haryana faces numerous challenges, ranging from a lack of trained teachers to limited resources, outdated curricula, and socio-cultural barriers. This research paper critically explores these challenges, the root causes behind them, and potential strategies that could help overcome them.

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educational, English, language, teaching, challenges, strategies

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Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks (CSEBs) offer a sustainable alternative to conventional building materials, yet their strength and durability are critical for widespread adoption. This review paper provides a comparative analysis of cement, lime, and fly ash stabilization effects on CSEB performance. Drawing from established research, we explore stabilization mechanisms, impact of varying stabilizer proportions, and CSEB performance under diverse environmental conditions. Cement stabilization provides rapid strength gain through hydration, forming strong binding agents. Lime enhances long-term strength via pozzolanic reactions, particularly in clayey soils. Fly ash, a pozzolanic material, contributes to durability and utilizes waste resources. The choice of stabilizer depends on soil type, environmental conditions, and project requirements. Our analysis shows that cement offers high early strength, lime improves long-term performance and workability, and fly ash promotes sustainability. Optimal stabilizer proportions are crucial to balance strength gains with potential adverse effects. Compaction and curing conditions significantly influence CSEB performance. This review identifies future research directions, including long-term durability studies under extreme climates, exploration of blended stabilizers and bio-based additives, development of standardized testing protocols, microstructural analysis, and curing condition optimization. These efforts will enhance CSEB performance and promote their adoption as a sustainable building material.

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CSEB, Stabilization, Cement, Lime, Fly Ash, Strength, Durability, Comparative Analysis

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The Mizoram Right to Public Services Act, 2015, represents a transformative step toward citizen-centric governance in India, addressing inefficiencies and delays in public service delivery. This paper explores the historical context, provisions, and implementation challenges of the Act while analyzing its impact on governance, transparency, and citizen satisfaction. Key features of the legislation include mandatory time-bound service delivery, accountability measures through designated officers, a multi-tiered grievance redressal mechanism, and penalties for non-compliance. While the Act has improved service efficiency and administrative responsiveness, its success is constrained by limited public awareness, resource deficits, and resistance to accountability. Recommendations to strengthen its implementation include public education campaigns, enhanced training for officials, investment in digital infrastructure, and periodic policy reviews. By institutionalizing timely service delivery as a right, the Act underscores the potential for good governance and sets a model for other regions in India to replicate. This study provides critical insights into the Act's implications for public administration and the ongoing evolution of rights-based governance frameworks.

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Governance, Transparency, Public Service, Accountability, Citizens, Administration

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed various domains, including education, through the use of AI-driven voice bots and chatbots. These tools hold the potential to enhance personalized learning, provide immediate feedback, and bridge the gap in student-teacher interactions. This study examines the current implementation of AI chatbots in educational settings, their effectiveness in improving learning outcomes, and their impact on students' engagement and satisfaction. A mixed-method approach combining surveys, case studies, and sentiment analysis was employed to evaluate AI chatbot performance in higher education settings. Results indicate a positive correlation between AI chatbot integration and improved academic performance. Additionally, AI tools have proven effective in addressing diverse learning styles, reducing administrative workload, and offering 24/7 accessibility to learning resources. However, challenges such as ethical considerations, data privacy issues, and limitations in natural language understanding hinder their full potential. The findings of this study provide critical insights into the strengths and limitations of AI-driven educational tools, offering practical recommendations for stakeholders to maximize their effectiveness. The paper concludes by presenting opportunities for further development, highlighting future trends such as emotionally intelligent AI, multilingual capabilities, and integration with immersive technologies to enhance user experiences.

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 Keywords

AI Voice Bots, Chatbots, Personalized Learning, Natural Language Processing, Education Technology, Student Engagement.

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