Volume 10 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Concrete is a major civil engineering construction material, because the ingredients of concrete are locally available materials. Generally, the cement is used as major binding material. The usage of cement in concrete causes lot of environmental pollution due to emission of greenhouse gases so that, it is necessary to reduce usage of cement by introducing new supplementary cementitious materials which are the by-products of industries to reduce debris. Rice husk ash (RHA) is an agricultural based pozzolanic material, generated by rice mills in huge quantities. This paper summarizes the experimental work on concrete in which Plain Portland cement (PPC) cement were replaced by Rice husk ash (RHA). Concrete specimens were prepared with 5%, 10% and 15% % RHA as a replacement of cement by weight, The most important mechanical property of concrete is compressive strength and it is evaluated on 150 mm sized cubes. The compressive strength is obtained for 7 and 28 days strength and results are analysed.

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 Keywords

Rice husk ash, Ordinary Portland cement (O.P.C.), Compressive strength, Workability, Split tensile Strength

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The humans lived a nomadic lifestyle wherein paternity was not ascertainable. So to determine paternity, the need for an exclusive union of men & women was felt through social regulation, namely marriage. Thus, the idea of the institution of marriage took over the herd-instinct type of marital relationship. The institution of marriage not only resulted in the stability and development of an individual in their personal lives, family life, and society, as a whole; also, it also conferred the matrimonial rights and duties upon the spouses regarding sex, maintenance, inheritance, etc. And thereafter concepts like legitimacy and rights of children came into the picture. In India, the institution of marriage acquires a prominent and significant place. The unregulated sexual relation (especially without marriage) makes it intolerable and immoral in Indian society. Especially, women who live without marriage and are blessed with motherhood have not only been the continuous subject matter of societal critique but they are also deprived of legal and human rights on this land. Recent developments like live-in relationships have added to the new dimensions of the institution of marriage. The Government, being paren patriae has also made endeavors to protect them and uplift the interests of such unwed mothers and their children through various schemes but the gravity of this issue is neither acknowledged nor any special provisions for them have been made to secure them socially and legally. The social-legal challenges faced by unwed (single) mothers and their children in the era of human rights are ironic. Marriage has grown into a popular and vital institution in India. In Indian society, unrestrained sexual relations (particularly without marriage) are unacceptable and unethical. Women who live without marriage and have children are denied their respective human rights in this country. Despite years of liberal legislation, women lacked equal access to the rights granted to them because of lack of awareness, peer pressure from society, lack of access to legal aid and economic inability, etc. The present article decodes the dynamics of unwed motherhood via issues & challenges in the contemporary legal scenario.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Unwed Mother; Live- In Relationship; Marriage; Child born Out of Wedlock; Rights of Unwed Mothers & their Children

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Key Words: Educational Contribution, NGO,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The conducted study evaluated the Management of COVID-19 Related Health Care Waste in the City of Tarlac in accordance with the issued Interim Guidelines stipulated on National Solid Waste Management Commission (NSWMC) Resolution No. 1364, series of 2020. The study evaluated the management of COVID-19 related health care waste in the City of Tarlac based on the specified guidelines in the following areas: (1) Waste Generation, (2) Segregation and Storage at Source, (3) Collection and Transport, (4) Treatment and Disposal, and (5) Occupational Health and Safety. The evaluation covered the year 2021 which involved 209 respondents from the Local Government Unit of Tarlac City, DENR-EMB, and Barangays within the City. This study makes used three (3) instruments both direct and indirect methods for data gathering such as (1) questionnaire/data capture form, (2) interviews, and (3) documentary analysis. The results of the study found that the Local Government Unit of Tarlac City Implemented the stated provisions on the management of COVID-19 related health care waste based on the NSMWC Resolution No. 1364 during the pandemic in 2021. Moreover, it recommends measures to enhance the Management of COVID-19 Related Health Care Waste in the City of Tarlac.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Management, COVID-19, Health Care Waste

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Geoelectrical methods are most commonly considered to be the fundamental methods in groundwater research, but in case of deeper aquifers the electrical resistivity tomography [ERT] / 1D VES cannot achieve deeper targets and the electrical sounding cannot ensure a complete and dense space coverage. In such a case the use of the magneto telluric [MT] method can provide for great depths of research, as well as a good space sampling. As huge amount has to be incurred for very deep drilling, utmost care has to be taken. Considering this view it is planned to go for integrated aquifer mapping. This study pertains to an integrated geophysical investigations combining one dimensional vertical electrical sounding [1D VES], a geoelectric method and two dimensional audio magneto telluric imaging [2D AMT], an electromagnetic technique to prospect the very deep potential hard crystalline rock aquifers for an individual farmer with 25 acres of land at Pukkulam, Tiruppur district, Tamilnadu, India which being a acute drought prone area. Before going for selection of new potential point, a correlative and confirmative study has been taken by this integrated approach near the existing very deep bore well drilled to a depth of 394m with a high yield of 130 lpm. As both geoelectric and AMT studies revealed good correlation and good coincidence of potential targets, the method proved to be a good approach. By this integrated approach one deep bore well has been drilled in the study area to a depth of 207m with a good discharge of 130 lpm. With this same methodology one more very deep borewell point has been recommended to drill up to a depth of 400m. Since this integrated approach gives a good encouraging result it may be followed to minimize the failure rate so as to relieve the agriculturist from mental agony.

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 Keywords

ERT; 1D VES; MT; 2D AMT

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

: Nosocomial infections double the mortality and morbidity risk for hospitalized patients, resulting in an estimated 20,000 deaths a year. These infections increase costs of hospitalization in addition to increasing morbidity and mortality risk. So this problem solving approach was carried out to establish valid measures to prevent and effective interventions within and across health-care settings and to maintain high standards of care at Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital, Moradabad. The sample (staff Nurses of Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital, Moradabad) was withdrawn by simple random sampling and data was collected by structured knowledge questionnaire on nosocomial infection including Demographic characteristics. The findings of the study reveals that 60% of nurses had average level of knowledge, 30% of them had good knowledge and 10% of nurses had poor knowledge regarding nosocomial infection with the Mean and SD of 9.4 and 3.4 respectively. The identified causes for average knowledge regarding nosocomial infection were lack of evidenced based approach, Lack of correlation of theory with practice, Less exposure to the procedures during study time, Lack of staff development programmes, Over burden of work. Solutions identified to enhance the knowledge to conduct staff development programme regarding causes and prevention of nosocomial infection and to prepare and paste charts and pictures in the hospital wards regarding administration and knowledge regarding causes and prevention of nosocomial infection.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Risk, nosocomial infection, knowledge, patient, staff nurses

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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An unexpected pandemic known as COVID-19 struck the entire world in the year 2020. The lack of a cure has spurred research into all fields to address it. The discovery of techniques for the diagnosis, detection, and prediction of COVID-19 instances is a major contribution to computer science. The most popular methods in this field are data science and machine learning (ML). This document provides a summary of over 160 ML-based strategies created to tackle COVID-19. These sources include Elsevier, Springer, ArXiv, MedRxiv, and IEEE Xplore, among others. They are examined and divided into two groups: techniques based on supervised learning and those based on deep learning. The ML algorithm used in each category is described, along with a list of the parameters that were applied. The settings for each algorithm's parameters are compiled in several tables. They comprise the nature of the examined data (text data, X-ray pictures, CT images, time series, clinical data, etc.), the type of the addressed problem (detection, diagnosis, or detection), and the evaluated metrics (accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F1-Score, and AUC). The study explores the data gathered and offers some statistics that paint a picture of the current state of the art. According to the results, 79% of cases include deep learning, 65% of which are based on convolutional neural networks (CNN), and 17% employ specialised CNN. On the other hand, only Random Forest, (SVM), and Regression algorithms are used, and supervised learning is only present in 16% of the approaches that were assessed.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

COVID-19 detection, Machine learning, Artificial intelligence, CNN, SVM, Random Forest

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Speed ,Area, SQRT, CSLA, HDL, Adder.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Stress, flashbacks, trauma.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Water is necessary for all living things to live. In locations where water is scarce, water provision is critical. Water is used to supply water to those areas stored in a tank .These water tanks are built in public. Pipelines supply water to the tank's water storage folks. These tanks are available in a number of shapes, including circular, square, and rectangular etc. tanks can be built at various heights. In this project, an elevated circular water tank is created manually employing the IS working stress method IS 456-2000, 3370-2009 (parts I-IV), and completed with STAAD PRO V8. Finally, compare the two outputs both manually and through software.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Circular tank, Staad Pro, Bending moment, Shear force, Axial force.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition