Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

This paper examines the secularization of politics within the Indian political structure, analyzing how secularism has evolved as a foundational principle in the governance of a diverse and pluralistic society. The study explores the historical context of secularism in India, its constitutional underpinnings, and the contemporary challenges it faces. By employing a qualitative methodology, the research highlights the dynamic interplay between secularism and various political paradigms, including nationalism, religion, and identity politics. The findings suggest that while secularism remains a critical component of Indian democracy, its interpretation and implementation are subject to ongoing contestation and transformation.

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 Keywords

Secularization, Indian Politics, Political Structure, Pluralism, Nationalism, Identity Politics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the past few years, hype marketing has become one of the powerful and influential strategies for driving consumer demand and community engagement especially in product centric industries. It leverages scarcity effects, social proof, and fear of missing out (FOMO) to stimulate rapid purchasing behavior among consumers. This paper examines the concept of hype marketing, goes back to its evolution, and analyses its application theoretically as well as practically through short case studies of Liquid Death, Stanley Cups and Labubu Doll. While the hype does contribute to brand visibility and drives sales it also presents challenges of sustainability, ethics, and consumer fatigue. This paper concludes with offering insights into the future of marketing in a digitally connected and consumer driven age.

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 Keywords

Hype marketing, scarcity, FOMO, social proof, cultural branding, consumer behavior, brand visibility, consumer fatigue, Liquid Death, Stanley, Labubu Doll

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The transgender community is always in a constant battle against oppression, abuse and discrimination faced from the society. The paper is based on primary study which focuses individuals from different districts of West Bengal to understand the dimensions of nuances faced by the community in different parts of Bengal aiming to analyse the socio-economic challenges, healthcare accessibility, and problems experiences exclusively by the trans community It was barely possible for people associated with hijra and other vulnerable professions to make the ends meet. Many trans community members had to discontinue their hormone therapy in midway due to non-availability of medicines or financial loss. Along with gender dysphoria, there is a trauma of visiting hospitals by the community members due to the harsh comments and judgements passed by health staffs and fellow patients. Along with the COVID ignited problems, this paper also explores the other challenges faced by the community in general.

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 Keywords

Transman, Transwoman, Social Discrimination, COVID 19

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On August 8, 1942, the Congress Working Committee passed the Quit India Resolution, marking a decisive moment in India's struggle for independence. In response, the British government swiftly arrested prominent Congress leaders. This created a leadership vacuum that was soon filled by emerging youth leaders, sparking widespread disturbances across the country. In Ballia, the movement was spearheaded by college students. These students took the bold step of shutting down their colleges and initiating protests, resulting in many of them being arrested. On August 10, student led rallies and meetings led to a complete shutdown of the local market. The momentum quickly spread to the surrounding countryside. The inability of British authorities to effectively respond undermined their legitimacy, and their position was further weakened when they resorted to force. This uprising in Ballia was driven by a distinctive local environment, shaped by a long standing tradition of resistance that had prepared its people, particularly the youth, for radical action. This section will explore the foundational context, arguing that the youth-led rebellion was the result of this unique legacy of defiance, intensified by the powerful national and international forces at play in 1942. Between August 10 and 17, unrest spread across the entire district. Over the following two weeks, Ballia was effectively cut off from the rest of the region. Revolutionaries disrupted railway services, severed telegraph lines, and blocked major roads, isolating the district and crippling colonial communication and transportation networks. This paper examines the critical role played by youth in the organization and leadership of the Quit India Movement in Ballia during August 1942. It highlights how young activists, inspired by nationalist and socialist ideologies, transformed the district into a significant centre of anti-colonial resistance.

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 Keywords

National Movement, Quit India Movement, Qaumi Seva Dal, Satyagraha, Arya Kumar sabha, Swaraj, Ziladhish.

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The present study examines the instability and sustainability of major crops in Haryana over the past three decades from 1990-91 to 2021-22. The findings recorded a rapid decline in the area under Gram cultivation, while Wheat, Rice, Cotton and Mustard crops experienced significant fluctuations. In India various agricultural reforms like land reforms, the Green Revolution, minimum support prices, and economic liberalization have positively contributed to increased productivity and production across crops. But they have also led to instability in crop cultivation. For instance, while rice and wheat have seen relatively stable production levels, coarse cereals and pulses have experienced high instability in terms of cultivated area and production, particularly in Haryana. To ensure food and nutritional security, it is essential to maintain sustainable crop production; this study evaluates that sustainability through the use of sustainability indices.

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 Keywords

Growth, Crop Instability, Production, Agriculture

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The increasing use of micro-videos, such as reels and shorts, in digital learning environments presents unique opportunities for enhancing pedagogical practices. This study investigates the impact of using short-format educational videos on teaching English language skills to undergraduate engineering students in India. This study adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining pre- and post-test assessments, engagement analytics, and student feedback to evaluate learning outcomes. Preliminary findings indicate a significant improvement in students' writing, speaking, listening, reading, grammar, and vocabulary acquisition when they are exposed to context-specific Employment of micro-videos. This paper discusses the best practices for creating such videos, explores their effectiveness in fostering active learning, and highlights challenges such as content design, learner engagement, and language retention. The implications for curriculum design in technical education are explored, offering a framework for integrating micro-videos into traditional and hybrid learning environments. Additionally, the study conducted a comparative analysis between traditional teaching methods and micro-video-based instruction to evaluate their relative effectiveness. Personalised learning strategies are considered by tailoring video content to different learning paces and providing adaptive and student-centred education. To enhance engagement, interactive features such as quizzes, pronunciation drills, comprehension exercises, and gamified tasks linked to videos were integrated into the learning experience.

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Micro-videos, Reels, Shorts, English Language Teaching, Digital Pedagogy, Video-Based Learning, Curriculum Design, Hybrid Learning, Gamification, Language Acquisition.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the age of digitization, using technology for transactions is the most efficient way to remain agile and provide enhanced service to consumers. This study aims to explore consumers' perceptions regarding online and digital payments, as well as the safety of these transactions in a world of interconnected technologies. Digital transactions are quickly emerging as the predominant method of transaction across India, and Chennai is no exception. Several studies have highlighted that an efficient payment system can significantly enhance the liquidity flow within an economy. The study finds the advantages and challenges which is faced by consumers while adopting digital payment.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Digital Transactions, Consumer, Perception, Security and Safety of Transactions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The biology of yellow stemborer, Scirpophaga incertulus (Walker) was studied under laboratory conditions in eastern Vidarbha of Maharashtra (India) during Kharif season at prevailing room temperature (22-32oC) and relative humidity (58-72 %). The results revealed that the pre-oviposition and ovi-position period lasted on an average for 1.0 and 1.5 days, respectively. The fecundity was 124 eggs/female. The incubation period was 7.5 days. The larval and pupal duration recorded was 28.5 and 8.5 days, respectively. The mean adult longevity was 2 days.

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Biology, fecundity, rice, Scirpophaga incertulus, Yellow stemborer

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Since the initiation of 21st century, globally, the scale, intensity and frequency of climatic hazards have increased manifolds. Cities with higher concentration of people and assets are naturally vulnerable to disasters and according to United Nations (2018) by 2050 almost 68 percent of world population will be living in the cities. South Asia, the most densely populated region of the world, is more vulnerable to natural hazards and disasters. All the major cities in South Asia are not only profoundly populated but also expanding rapidly and mostly, in an unplanned manner, thereby rendering them vulnerable to hazards and disasters. Such vulnerability together with rapid population growth, environmental degradation, socio-economic inequalities and resultant social exclusion further compound the challenges of a hazard or disaster like flood, earthquake, landslide, tropical cyclone etc. Uniquely, a resilient community responds positively and can cope with the damages and changes caused by a disaster. Only an all-inclusive urban resilience approach can ensure the benefit of all people as it encompasses the understanding of diverse needs and capabilities of all people and acknowledge the unique needs of the socially excluded and marginalized groups based on age, gender, race, ethnicity, caste, religion, sexual orientation, geographical location and disability status. The present paper is a qualitative study which seeks to explore the meaning and types of resilience, the reasons why South Asia is particularly concerned and the present status of social inclusion in building resilience and upholding disaster risk management (DRM) in South Asia.

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 Keywords

Resilience, hazard, disaster, social exclusion, social inclusion, disaster risk management (DRM)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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There is a drastic behavioural change in the lives of youth in many families of Indian communities especially in Christian communities. The changes are found in their thinking, feeling, and behaviour. Behavioural change is important in the youth when they grow physically, but if it is in a negative way there comes the problem. The development of the society or future nation or nation building is based on the proper/positive behaviour of the youth. Therefore, behaviour of the youth is most important. In this paper the presenter would like to try to bring out some of the impacts of how and why the youth have developed to misbehaviour and how can they be brought back to a good behaviour.

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Negative Behavioural Change in Youth - A Psychological Study: Christian Ministry Perspective

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