Volume 8 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

With the onset of COVID-19 the plight of labourers has seen many suns .This has also adversely affected the scenario of development in all walks of human life.In this paper the famous novel Godaan by Munshi Premchand has been thoroughly studied with emphasis to migrant labourers of colonial India.Issues like poverty, development, culture adoption and conflict has been studied. India has seen many phases of development. However,The balance of rich and poor has always striked disparity today and in the then colonial India.In this paper study of the migration of labourers to cities and their transforming life styles with the urbaners has been delved into .Also how developed was India then and how at ease or troubled were the migrant workers.Keeping this viewpoint of socio-cultural conflict with the city dwellers and their own alike the paper attempts to reopen the cause of disparity and at the same time their development in the slowly urbanizing world

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 Keywords

development, socio cultural and economic impact, disparity, migrant labourer

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The outbreak of viral pneumonia in the city of Wuhan, China, in Dec, 2019 was caused by a novel coronavirus designated 2019-nCoV, as determined by sequencing the viral RNA genome. It was thought that SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoV) is mainly found in bats. Previous studies have shown that some bat SARSr-CoVs have the potential to infect humans. Among its genome S protein is surface-exposed and mediates entry into host cells. Currently it is one of the main targets for designing antibodies (Abs), therapeutic and vaccine. Earlier studies stated that ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) could facilitate S protein mediated entry for this newly emerged coronavirus. Here we have taken an attempt to compare the genetic structure of receptor binding domain within S protein of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (special reference to 2019-nCoV) with Bat coronavirus RaTG13. We have compared 2019-nCov receptor binding domain (RBD) with other pathogenic human coronaviruses (MERS and SARSr-CoV) and Bat coronavirus RaTG13. We found that it is closest to RaTG13 RBD than MERS and SARSr-CoV. Our study shows that 2019-nCov RBD also has significant identity with pangolin S protein RBD. We have also predicted the amino acid residues within RDB those may play important role for ACE2 receptor interaction. We identified unique signature for furin cleavage in 2019-nCov S protein but not in of other pathogenic human coronaviruses (tested here), bat coronavirus RaTG13 or pangolin.

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Coronavirus, sequence alignment, S protein, receptor binding domain, RBD, Covid-19

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This paper describes approach towards development of Electronic Nose device. Electronic Nose is smart instrument that is designed to detect various gases by metal oxide sensors (MOS) array. This system have successfully classified various volatile organic compounds such as methanol, ethanol, propane, toluene, benzene, alcohol, and evaluated the resolution among them. To achieve a portable Electronic nose with sample delivery system. The E-Nose system demonstrated the identification of gases from perfume and wine

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Electronic nose, Metal oxide, Gas sensor

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Documentation is one of the key tools in present era especially in the field of medicine. Lack of technical advancements forced the ancient seers to record and document their preaching on surfaces such as inscriptions over stone, talapatra, bhurjapatra, etc. Since the materials would deteriorate and lose the writings over a period of time, it was necessary to constantly make copies of the same. A group of people made this as a profession and called as scribe. Sometimes on account of lesser subject expertise along with other manual limitations, original manuscripts were slightly altered during the process of copying. These are called as scribal errors. Thus, the reader may not be able to connect with the ideas of the original author. Ayurveda is one such field where the available manuscripts are old and scribal errors is inevitable. Knowledge of scribal errors helps the reader to differentiate the original and distorted content in a manuscript which indirectly helps in the application of principles of Ayurveda known as siddhanta. An overview of scribal error and its relevance in present era is presented in this work.

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LEKHAKA, MANUSCRIPT, TEXTUAL CRITICISM, EDITING, REDACTION

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Pomegranate is one of the oldest known edible fruit which is predominant member of Punicaceae family. It is a large deciduous shrub or small tree native to Asia. The present study focus on the quantitative estimation and comparison of the total phenol content (TPC) of different peel extracts of Punica granatum L. peel during two different seasons of Saurashtra and Ahmedabad region of Gujarat state. Quantitative eastimation of Punica granatum L.peel was performed using two solvents (1) Methanol and (2) acetone. This study was conducted during two different seasons of Saurashtra and Ahmedabad region of Gujarat (1) Ambe bahar (Fruit harvest in June- August) and (2) Hasta bahar (Fruit harvest in February-April). The present study indicated that methanolic extract of Pomegranate peels have more total phenol content(TPC) as comapare to the acetonic extract in both seasons Ambe bahar and Hasta bahar of Saurashtra and Ahmedabad regions of Gujarat. Here, we also reported that Saurashtra region contains more total phenol content than Ahmedabad region. The variations in the quantity of total phenol content (TPC) of pomegranate peels are due to the various environmental factors and geographical distribution of plant in Gujarat. Comparison of Total phenol content for Acetone and Methanol extract of Punica granatum L. Peels during two different seasons of Saurashtra and Ahmedabad regions were firstly reported in Gujarat during this study.

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Pomegranate, Quantitative analysis, Total phenol content(TPC), Seasons, Saurashtra, Ahmedabad

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Coronary Artery disease is a leading cause of death worldwide and one of the commonest interventional surgeries for that is Coronary artery Bypass Angioplasty (CABG). The aim of the study was to check for the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients undergoing CABG, pre and post surgery . The inclusion and exclusion criteria were stated and 50 studies were screened. Out of these, 2 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were chosen to be.a part of the review. On reviewing the studies it was found that 30% and 40% of CABG surgery patients experience depression and anxiety disorders at rates significantly higher than prevalent in community samples. Anxiety and depression directly affect the quality of life of the patients and cause worsening of outcomes. Even pre operative anxiety is shown to affect the post surgical outcomes in such patients. Thus, it is seen that anxiety and depression are very much prevalent pre and post surgery, the post surgical outcomes are affected by anxiety and depression, anxiety and depression are also affecting the patient�s quality of life, which can be mitigated by proper intervention.

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TOPIC: PREVALENCE OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.

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Image compression aims at reducing the number of bits required to represent an image by removing the spatial and spectral redundancies as much as possible. The focus of the research work is only on still image compression. The lossy compression methods which give higher compression ratio are considered in the research work. Inter-pixel relationship is highly non-linear and unpredicted in the absence of a prior knowledge of the image itself. Thus Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) has been used here for image compression by training the network using the image to be compressed. The ANN takes into account the psycho-visual features, dependent mostly on the information contained in images. The algorithms, on application on the image data while working in a lossy manner and maximize the compression performance. The ANN algorithm used here is the �Error Back -propagation algorithm�.

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Artificial Neural Network, compression ratio, Back propagation, learning algorithm, Training

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Transgenders are not unfamiliar community in our society. Their presence in the events like marriages and child birth functions is considered auspicious; people feel their graces are signs for good omen. But it is very pathetic to know that though their presence is considered good in marriages and birth functions but they are exempted from marrying and giving birth to children. They are treated as separate entities by major part of the world. Writings on Transgenders� problems are very rarely seen in Indian writings. Mahesh Dattani is one of the powerful Indian writers in portraying the issues which are serious but neglected, prominently about gender discrimination. Even though many of his plays focus on contemporary issues like corruption, communal rivalries, male superiority but his main attention is on the problems of Transgenders. They are shown as the victims of our own human society. Seven Steps Around the Fire, a significant play of Dattani that deals with the sufferings of these transgenders through the help of the character Kamla. It is a tragic play of Kamla, a beautiful eunuch who loves Subbu, a minister�s son and marries him but gets killed just because she is a transgender. Uma is another major character who brings into limelight the sufferings of these transgenders and reveals the murder mystery of Kamla with the help of Anarkali. Two tragic incidents are shown in this play the first is the murder of Kamla and another is the death of Subbu. This play deals with the emotions of transgenders as all human beings feel and advices for the equality of all genders.

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Transgenders, Pathetic, Gender discrimination, Contemporary, Mystery.

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Hansda Sowvendra Shekhar, the 2015 Sahitya Akademi Yuva Puraskar winner, and the nominee of The Hindu Prize, The Crossword Book Award and The International Dublin Literary Award suffered a ban for The Adivasi Will Not Dance by Jharkhand Government on the grounds that it is offensive to the dignity of Santhal women. It is also blamed to be pornographic in nature. The book has a large variety of Santhal and non-Santhal female characters spread across the socio-economic spectrum. Most of the female characters be it Baso-jhi, Sona and others featured are defiant and daring. They are weighed down by the burdens of injustice, illiteracy, unemployment, etc. All the female characters mentioned below faced abuse, injustice and exploitation by the so called sophisticated society. This paper presents before the literature readers a review kind of investigation of the tribal female characters depicted in the short stories �The Adivasi Will Not Dance� of Hansda Sowvendra Shekhar.

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Tribals, Baso-jhi, Sona, Sulochona, Mathabhangi, Hansda Sowvendra Shekhar

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The performance of a pavement is very responsive to the characteristics of soil sub grade. The economic design of pavement results in saving countries economy. The construction of roads in most of the places across the world faces major problems due to weak sub grade soil. Sub grade being the support for the whole pavement, it needs the utmost care in its construction. During last few decades� research has been conducted on various aspects of low volume roads resulting in innovative and unconventional approaches of road constructions. Many suggestions have been put forward by various scientists to improve the subgrade.Usually adopted methods are stabilization methods. Use of waste material and natural fiber for improving soil property is advantageous because they are cheap, locally available and eco-friendly. In this study, the stabilizing effect of Natural fiber (coconut coir) and ceramic waste powder on soil properties has been studied. Over the last decade the use of waste material and fiber has recorded a tremendous increase. Keeping this in view an experimental study is conducted on locally available i.e. clayey soil mixed with varying percentage of coir fiber and ceramic waste powder. Long term performance of pavement structures often depends on the stability of the underlying soils. Conventional waste disposal methods are found to be inadequate. The existing soil at a particular location may not be suitable for the construction due to poor bearing capacity and higher compressibility or even sometimes excessive swelling. For sustainable development use of waste material should been encouraged.It is crucial for highway engineers to develop a sub grade.

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 Keywords

Ceramic dust,,California Bearing Ratio,cohesion,coir fibre

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