Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

This research paper investigates the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in addressing climate change and promoting environmental sustainability. It presents a proposed framework that leverages AI techniques for climate modeling, sustainable resource management, and decision support in environmental applications. The study reviews existing literature, highlights methodological approaches, and provides findings from a conceptual case study simulating climate data with machine learning models. The results demonstrate the potential of AI in enhancing predictive accuracy, improving policy-making, and supporting sustainable development goals. This paper contributes by proposing an integrative research framework and discussing implications for climate action

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence (AI); Climate Change; Climate Modeling; Environmental Sustainability; Resource Management; Renewable Energy Optimization; Machine Learning; Decision Support Systems; Environmental Monitoring; Sustainable Development

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Morphometry is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the earth's surface, shape, and dimension of the landforms. Morphometric analysis requires measurement of linear aspects, aerial aspect and slope of the drainage basin. In all 28 literatures, the researchers analyses the morphometric study for watershed management and prioritization of watershed using morphometric analysis through geoinformatics technology. We focus on matter of fact that is methodology, adopted, raw data used as input and process to study sustainable watershed management. The content of this review paper divided in to threesections namely Introduction, Methodology, and analysis, Conclusion followed by references.

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Drainage Basin, Digital Elevation Model, Morphometry, Remote Sensing and GIS

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Panchayati Raj System in India

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Panchayati Raj System in India

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In this paper we introduce the notion of a completely regular (2,n)-semiring. Also, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a (2,n)-semiring to be completely regular and characterized the results.

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regular semigroup, (2,n)-semirings, idempotent elements, completely regular (2,n)-semiring

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This paper critically examines fair trade policies in the context of Darjeeling tea plantations, highlighting their disjunction from the lived realities of vulnerable plantation workers. Although initiated with the intent of advancing justice and improving livelihoods, fair trade often reproduces the same exploitative patterns embedded in mainstream global trade, wherein structural inequalities persist and wealth remains unevenly distributed. Workers continue to experience conditions shaped by colonial hierarchies of authority, oppression and dependency, with limited empowerment. Instead of fostering collective strength, fair trade has in some instances deepened divisions between members and non-members of the Joint Body. While marketed globally as a mechanism of ethical consumption--appealing to consumer conscience--its benefits rarely reach the intended beneficiaries. The study argues that without addressing entrenched forms of exploitation and powerlessness, fair trade risks becoming a symbolic gesture rather than a transformative tool of ethical globalization.

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fairtrade, ethical globalisation, Darjeeling tea plantations, plantation workers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This study investigates the crucial function of Village Councils in rural development in Mizoram, focusing on their evolution from traditional chieftaincy to modern governance. Through a comparative analysis of four villages in Aizawl and Kolasib districts--classified as developed and underdeveloped--the research explores local governance dynamics and community advancement. It traces the historical shift from hereditary chieftaincy, marked by mechanical solidarity and subsistence economies, to contemporary Village Councils that act as vital links between state policies and grassroots execution. The findings indicate that Village Councils are crucial for governmental initiatives and basic services, especially in underdeveloped villages where a significant majority consider them essential. Conversely, developed villages exhibit mixed views, with slightly over half regarding councils as crucial, while nearly half believe in community self-sustainability. The study highlights ongoing challenges, including infrastructure deficits, healthcare and educational inequalities, and varying administrative capabilities among villages. Sociologically, the data reveal how local governance interacts with structural conditions, shaping diverse developmental experiences influenced by social capital, administrative frameworks, and political participation. The research concludes that while Village Councils are generally effective in fostering rural development, their performance varies considerably depending on socio-economic contexts, indicating that ongoing assessment, structural enhancements, and a strengthened commitment to participatory development are necessary for achieving sustainable rural transformation in Mizoram.

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Village Councils, Rural development, Mizoram, Local governance, Participatory democracy, Traditional institutions, Chieftainship system, Community development

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Anita Desai published her novel "Cry the Peacock" in 1963. Themes of alienation, seclusion, and dissatisfaction are the focus of the work. Maya, a young woman, is entangled in an unfulfilling marriage to Gautama, a wealthy attorney, in the narrative. Her spouse disregards her. She is of the opinion that material possessions may provide her with pleasure. This article examines the protagonist of the novel, Maya, with a particular emphasis on her internal conflict, conjugal discord, and cultural pressures. Maya experiences a sense of isolation and alienation from her spouse and society as a consequence of the neglect of her emotional needs. This article examines the topic, narrative technique, and symbolic framework.

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Feminine Sensibility, Patriarchal Norms, Alienation, Inequality, Marital Disharmony

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The convergence of nature and technology offers a promising path toward sustainable development. The demand for eco-friendly and sustainable technologies has accelerated the advancement of green nanotechnology, particularly in the synthesis of Ag and Au nanoparticles. Mangroves, with their rich phytochemical profile and unique ability to adapt to harsh environments, serve as powerful bioreactors for producing metallic nanoparticles. These biologically synthesized nanoparticles demonstrate notable antimicrobial, catalytic, and environmental remediation properties, aligning well for green chemistry and economy circular principles. Traditional nanoparticle synthesis methods often involve the use of toxic chemicals and energy processes that cause environmental problems. Green synthesis using plant extracts, microorganisms, and biopolymers provides a stable, environmentally friendly alternative. The green synthesis of metal nanoparticles from bioresources derived from mangroves is explored in this review, and it is based on the economic substitutes and environmentally friendly methods of traditional chemical and physical methods. This study reviews the fundamentals, benefits, and latest developments in eco-friendly methods for producing Au and Ag nanoparticles. It also highlights their potential applications in agriculture, water treatment, medicine, environmental engineering, and sustainable industrial practices, demonstrating their role in harmonizing technology with nature for a healthier environment.

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Medicinal plants, Metal Nanoparticles, Green Synthesis, Environmental sustainability, Biomedical applications.

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Abstract : Liver abscess presenting with pleural effusion is rare case presented itself having Liver abscess with pleural effusion with ectopic malrotated kidney . Case initially had symptoms of liver abscess but on ultrasound it was found to be accompanied with pleural effusion and malrotated ectopic kidney .In case of liver abscess diagnosis usually involves blood tests, stool examination , imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. Treatment typically includes antibiotics for pyogenic abscesses and anti-parasitic medication for amoebic abscess. But with added complication of pleural effusion it proved to be a challenge.

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Amoebic liver abscess,Pleural effusion,Pleural emphyema,ICD,Pigtail catheter

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This study examines the development and transformation of the bodhisattva concept through comparative analysis of canonical P?li texts and early Mah?y?na literature. Drawing upon philological evidence from the J?taka tales, Buddhava?sa, and foundational Mah?y?na s?tras including the Lotus S?tra and Perfection of Wisdom literature, this research traces the evolution from the historical Buddha's pre-enlightenment journey to the fully developed bodhisattva doctrine. The investigation employs textual criticism and doctrinal comparison to demonstrate how the bodhisattva ideal underwent significant conceptual expansion, shifting from describing the Buddha's past lives to establishing a universal path of compassionate awakening. Findings reveal that while the P?li tradition presents the bodhisattva path as exceptional and primarily retrospective, early Mah?y?na sources reconceptualize it as the supreme spiritual ideal accessible to all practitioners. This transformation reflects broader soteriological developments within Buddhist thought, particularly regarding the tension between individual liberation and universal salvation. The study contributes to understanding how fundamental Buddhist concepts evolved across different textual traditions and geographical contexts.

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bodhisattva, P?li Canon, Mah?y?na Buddhism, comparative Buddhism, Buddhist soteriology

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition