Volume 13 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

In the context of the historical crisis of overdose from the US with synthetic opioids, this article states that the political failure is the main factor that it is not an external subject, and that guilt is falsely dictated by strategic outcomes. It synthesizes data on the regulatory capture of extracts, weakening administration legislation for the fight against drugs in 2016, and the US border feedback loop-combined with the Mexican feedback loop, showing how home institutions incubated Fevanilla subsidies. Recognizing isolated cases related to India, it shows that it is inconsistent with the legal basis of India (NDP, PMLA) and the declaration, the main source of information. In combination with punitive commercial measures against the Indian sector's nephalma, it catalyzed geopolitical compensation in New Delhi with an overemphasis on foreign delivery networks. In 2025, price shocks and the resumption of high levels of diplomacy have been permitted in a cautious yet practical way with China, including discussions on trade relief and important entries, indicating a move towards the balance between Shino and India. It is argued that external US enforcement in terms of internal control will disappear from the coalition space "Nazis in the Indo-Pacific region" and negatively rearrange the levers of Beijing and New Delhi. This article lies in the fact that sustainable reduction in fentanyl requires US internal reform and proofreading diplomacy, but India will support strategic autonomy in the context of the liquid multipolar order following dismissal.

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The rise of robo-advisors in India represents a significant shift in the financial advisory landscape, driven by increasing internet penetration, advancements in digital infrastructure, and the growing adoption of fintech solutions. This research paper adopts a descriptive and qualitative approach, relying entirely on secondary sources such as academic journals, industry reports, government and regulatory documents, and global databases. The study systematically reviews and analyzes existing literature to explore the growth potential, challenges, and regulatory implications of robo-advisors in India's evolving digital economy. The analysis is structured around three main themes. First, it examines the growth potential of robo-advisors, emphasizing factors such as a young, tech-savvy population, digital financial inclusion, and cost-effective investment solutions. Second, it identifies key challenges impeding adoption, including low financial literacy, cultural preferences for human financial advisors, regulatory uncertainties, and concerns over trust and cyber security. Third, it evaluates the regulatory and ethical implications, particularly focusing on data privacy, algorithmic bias, and compliance frameworks. Comparative insights from global markets provide a broader context for understanding India's unique challenges and opportunities. The findings suggest that while robo-advisors have immense potential to enhance financial accessibility and investment management in India, overcoming barriers related to financial literacy, trust, and regulatory clarity is crucial for widespread adoption. The study acknowledges limitations such as reliance on secondary data and the unique characteristics of the Indian market, which may affect generalization ability. Nonetheless, it offers actionable insights for fintech firms, regulators, and policymakers, highlighting the need for a balanced approach that integrates technology-driven automation with human expertise to foster trust and financial inclusion in India's digital economy.

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Robo-Advisors, Fintech, Digital Economy, Financial Advisory, Investment Management, Financial Inclusion, Artificial Intelligence

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Retroperitoneal abscesses resulting from fistula-in-ano are rare but pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case report discusses a 38-year-old male who presented with lower abdominal pain, fever, and perianal discharge, along with clinical signs of sepsis. Imaging studies, including ultrasound and MRI fistulogram, revealed retroperitoneal collections measuring up to 7.3 cm, extending from the left iliac fossa to the retroperitoneal region. Surgical intervention via exploratory laparotomy facilitated drainage of the collections and ligation of the supralevator fistulous tract. Postoperative management included broad-spectrum antibiotics, aseptic wound care, and radiological follow-up, leading to significant clinical improvement. Retroperitoneal abscesses often present with subtle symptoms and delayed progression, increasing the risk of severe sepsis and mortality. Advanced imaging modalities, such as MRI, are vital for diagnosing complex fistulas and guiding surgical planning. Effective management involves prompt surgical drainage and comprehensive postoperative care. This case underscores the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to ensure timely diagnosis and optimal patient outcomes.

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Bhagndara, Fistula-in-ano, Anal abscess, Supralevator fistula, Retroperitoneal abscess,

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Abstract : Polymer is a long chain molecule that is composed of multiples of simpler units called monomers. Monomers are large number of repeating units of identical structure. Polymers can be natural or synthetic. Multiple biological, synthetic and hybrid polymers are used for multiple medical applications. A wide range of different polymers is available, and they have further the advantage to be tunable in physical, chemical and biological properties in a wide range to match the requirements of specific applications. This review gives a brief overview about the introduction, polymer classification, properties. There is subsequently an overview of the most frequently used polymer classes. The main body of the review then is structured according to the applications, where key requirements of the applications and the currently used polymer solutions are indicated.

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Polymer, Properties,Classsification, Application, Review.

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Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) has emerged as a vital pedagogical approach to addressing the needs of increasingly diverse student populations. This article explores the theoretical underpinnings, practical applications, and measurable impacts of CRT in K-12 and higher education settings. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of a qualitative case study conducted in five government and private secondary schools across urban and semi-urban areas of Dehradun District, the paper argues that CRT not only improves student engagement and achievement but also fosters inclusive learning environments that challenge systemic inequities. The article concludes with recommendations for educators; school leaders and policymakers committed to transforming education through culturally responsive practices.

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Culturally Responsive Teaching, Equity in Education, Multicultural Education, Inclusive Pedagogy, Student Engagement, Diversity in Classrooms

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Authentication is one of the most critical aspects of modern information security, ensuring that only legitimate users gain access to sensitive systems. Conventional single-mode authentication methods such as passwords or fingerprints are increasingly vulnerable to spoofing and hacking attempts. To overcome these limitations, multimodal biometric systems combine physiological and behavioral traits, thereby enhancing robustness. This paper presents a unified dual-mode authentication framework that integrates finger vein recognition with synchronized speech signals. The system also incorporates a two-step verification approach using KCP-DCNN with QR code validation to provide additional security. Ensemble-based classification is introduced using CNN, DBN, and Bi-LSTM tuned with SU-NBO optimization to improve accuracy and reduce error rates. Experimental results show superior performance with accuracy exceeding 97%, while maintaining low equal error rates across modalities. The proposed framework demonstrates resilience to spoofing, replay attacks, and environmental disturbances. The study highlights its applicability for high-security domains such as banking, healthcare, and IoT-enabled systems, paving the way for more reliable and secure authentication solutions.

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Multimodal biometrics, Finger vein, Speech signals, KCP-DCNN, Ensemble classifier, SU-NBO

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This study comprehensively analyses the strategic integration of soft power initiatives with hard geopolitical objectives in shaping Indo-US relations during the Modi administration from 2014 to 2024. It demonstrates how Prime Minister Narendra Modi adeptly utilised public diplomacy, diaspora mobilisation, and cultural narratives to bolster India's global image while simultaneously pursuing core strategic goals with the United States. Key successes include significant advancements in defence cooperation, technology access, and a strengthened role in the Indo-Pacific. The paper highlights how high-profile events, such as the "Howdy Modi" and "Namaste Trump" rallies, and the institutionalisation of the 2+2 Ministerial Dialogues, meticulously aligned symbolic gestures with substantive policy pursuits. Despite these achievements, the analysis also addresses persistent challenges, including India's unwavering commitment to strategic autonomy, its continued engagement with Russia, and the impact of domestic political narratives on its international standing. Ultimately, the Modi government's calibrated application of soft power served as a potent vehicle to project national strength, accumulate diplomatic capital, and negotiate from a position of enhanced legitimacy in its evolving relationship with Washington.

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International Relations,Public Diplomacy and High-Profile Engagements,Diaspora Mobilisation,Cultural Narratives and Image Building

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LawBuddy is proposed as an intelligent AI-based legal assistant aimed at solving the persistent challenges faced by those seeking justice--especially individuals unfamiliar with legal systems or wrongly accused. Traditional legal aid remains inaccessible, fragmented, and fails to support complex legal needs such as lawyer recommendation, secure document storage, or timely law updates. LawBuddy integrates AI-driven legal advice, expert lawyer matching, secure cloud-based proof storage, and real-time case and law monitoring in a single, easy-to-use platform. Utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP), advanced Machine Learning (ML) models including BART and GPT, coupled with scalable cloud infrastructure, LawBuddy empowers users to understand legal scenarios, manage sensitive documents, stay updated, and connect with the right legal professionals. This paper details the design, functionality, technical workflow, and impact of LawBuddy, offering an inclusive and robust solution for democratizing legal assistance.

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Artificial Intelligence, Legal Chatbot, Natural Language Processing, Cloud Storage, Case Tracking, LawTech, Machine Learning.

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Regulatory affairs (RA) play a pivotal role in the pharmaceutical industry by ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of drugs and medical products. They act as a link between industry and health authorities, guiding drug development, approvals, and compliance with international standards. This review highlights the evolution of regulatory frameworks in the USA, EU, and India, along with the global role of agencies such as FDA, EMA, and CDSCO. Strengthening regulatory systems and harmonization is essential for safeguarding public health and supporting pharmaceutical innovation.

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Regulatory Affairs, Drug Approval, FDA, EMA, CDSCO, Pharmaceutical Compliance.

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Beckett's play, Endgame, explores the process of dying and the painful anticipation of death. The feeling of hopelessness is more strongly defined in Endgame than in Waiting for Godot. Endgame depicts the human situation in its most dreadful state. Mac Gowarn asserts, "Godot is the anguish of Waiting, Endgame is the anguish of going "(Reid 1968.71). The whole of the play's action illustrates the death of Western Civilization, as well as the concepts of love, faith in God, familial unity, and artistic creation. The play's action occurs in a 'Claustrophobic environment', namely a bare room featuring two windows positioned high on the rear wall. Hamm, the blind and paralyzed elderly man, unable of standing, is seated in a wheelchair. His servant's clove is unable to sit. Hamm's limbless parents, Nagg and Nell, are situated in two large ash-bins against the wall.

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Absurdity, Human Predicament, Response Existential Anguish, Inexorable Progress, Civilization, Lost Faith in God

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