Volume 10 | Issue 8 |

 Abstract

Abstract In recent years ICT tools are developing very fast. These tools have changed all fields of life ranging from social life to corporate life. Developments in ICT have also changed to a great extent the educational field also. In fact there is a paradigm shift in the teaching and learning scenario.It has changed from Teacher Directed Learning to Learner Directed Learning. Traditional chalk board class rooms are being replaced by smart classes. Examinations are also changed from offline to online proctored examination. Latest development in the field of ICT such as IOT, AI, AR, VR, Cloud Computing, 5G, Quantum Computers, 3D Printing and Nanotechnology are ready to change substantially the teaching and learning environment. In the present article impact of these ICT tools on the education field have been described.

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Key Words : ICT And Education, ICT Based Teaching, ICT Tools

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Financial Decisions are taken on the availability of cash, i.e.., inflow and outflow of cash. Cash flow statement is a depiction of inflow and outflow of cash and by classifying these cash flows in three activities operating, financing, and investing activities. The paper provides various suggestions to improve the format of the cash flow statement. It highlights the importance of having common-size cash flows statement based on as a percentage of sales revenue or total assets basis for period of 5 to 7 years. The other main suggestion is to make direct method mandatory for finding out cash flows from operating activities. Paper emphasizes the incorporation various cash ratios in the format of cash flow statement. The retail/small investors (whose participation has increased in the capital market) will get better reliable, precise, useful, and meaningful information from the revised cash flow statement for taking investment decisions for investing in the company. Hence, it has become an essentiality to revisit the existing format.

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Format of Cash Flow Statement, Cash Ratios, Retail or Small Investor

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Pre-Primary education, Primary education, Secondary education (lower secondary and upper secondary), and Higher education are the four phases of education. After pre-primary and primary school, secondary education is the third and most essential level of education, preparing pupils for the world of labour. During covid-19, teaching and learning took a 360-degree turn. While Online education offers time and space savings, as well as cost-effectiveness and flexibility, students' attitudes, motivation, and interest plays an important part in achieving a beneficial outcome. This study tries to find out the attitude of class XII students school towards online teaching during the pandemic. The study shows that there is difference in the mean value with regards to government and private school, locality(urban and rural), gender (male and female) , stream (arts and science) of Class XII students towards online teaching and learning.

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Online teaching-learning, Covid -19 pandemic

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Entrepreneur, Employment, Finance, grants ,fund

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The present investigation on the various parts of Nyctanthes arbortristis L. has been undertaken mainly to understand the anatomy, tissue components, phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity. It has been achieved by adopting the basic techniques in anatomy and histochemistry. The main focus of this study was on the internal structure of stem, leaf and flower so as to understand the role of specialized cells (secretary cells) and pigments (carotenoids). These microscopic features play an important role in authentication of crude drug samples in pharmacognosy. In transactional view, stem shows four cortical bundles characterized as conjoint, collateral, open and exarch, present at the four ridged portion of the stem. This is due to the abnormality of stem which shows secondary growth at maturity. Midrib vascular bundle is crescentric showing cambial divisions, xylem and phloem. The essential oil of N. arbortristis L. has a pleasant fragrance and has been established as a potent antimicrobial agent. Presence of essential oil secreting cells was localized in stem, leaf and flower with Sudan III stain. Oil secreting cells appear bright orange - red. In the present study, tannins, starch, glycosides and carotenoids have been identified. Interestingly, tannins, starch, glycosides and carotenoids are seemed to be responsible for aroma and colour of the corolla tube. Interestingly, the results pertaining to the bioactive principles of flowers of N. arbortristis L. remain similar to that of jasmine. Further, the alkaloid and the glycosides extracted in the present investigation are known as nyctanthine and iridoid glycosides respectively. Besides, the significant antibacterial activity of the leaf powder extracted in butanol exhibited the maximum zone of inhibition (19mm) against Gram negative bacteria. Thus these properties of the plant N. arbortristis L., make it as a very promising / potential candidate species in both pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as well

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Nyctanthes arbortristis L., histochemistry, bioactive principles, antibacterial activity, pharmaceuticals

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Speech has always been considered as a power medium for verbal communication, and reflects the personality of the speaker. The ability to speak is interlinked with the ability to hear. For children, hearing is most significant because the ability to develop and use oral language is closely related to the ability to process speech through ears. The purpose of this study was to develop and determine the validity of Picture Speech identification test for 3 to 6 years old children in Assamese language and compare the developed test on Assamese speaking children with profound hearing loss and Cochlear Implant users. A monosyllabic word list was developed keeping in mind that the words had to be pictorial. It was further validated and administered by performing on Assamese speaking bilateral severe to profound hearing impaired children and children using Cochlear implant and the scores were compared. The study revealed that Picture speech identification test developed for children showed a validity and children using Cochlear implants performed better compared to children without amplification i.e. bilateral severe to profound hearing loss. This study therefore proves that Picture speech identification test can be used as a valid tool for evaluation and therapy in the field of Pediatric Audiology. The test helps us find out the speech identification abilities of hearing impaired children and accordingly assign them to different auditory training groups.

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speech identification, speech intelligibility, cochlear implant

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pilgrims are important part of pilgrimage centers. Better infrastructure facilities at pilgrimage centers attract a greater number of pilgrims. Satisfactory sanitation facilities are the important part of pilgrimage centers. In Maharashtra pandharpur is mostly visited pilgrimage center. Pandharpur is famous for lord Vithhal. Every year near about 20-25 lakh pilgrims visit pandharpur, and it is observed that number of pilgrims increasing every year. For this largely visited pilgrimage center, providing satisfactory sanitation facilities is task. There are many sanitation facilities are provided but some of them are not in good condition hence pilgrims choose to defecate in open. It leads to spreading of diseases. If better sanitation facilities were provided it will help to maintain hygienic environment throughout the wari period. The findings of the revealed that increasing flow of pilgrims choose to defecate in open due to unsatisfactory sanitation facility and it leads to polluted environmental condition and spread of diseases. Hence, it is very significant to provide sanitation facility at pilgrimage center.

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sanitation facilities, public toilets, pilgrims, pilgrimage center

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The Internet of Things (IoT) has significant ramifications. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are designed to make daily tasks easier, such as delivering parcels, reducing traffic, and transporting commodities. Aerial and marine vehicles, as well as ground vehicles, are included in Autonomous Vehicles, which have a wide range of uses. We are deploying Cyber Security (CS) based data transmission to autonomous vehicles to solve this challenge. Here, a cloud serves as the intermediary, transferring files from the sender to the autonomous car. For added security, we employ a CS-based algorithm (Advanced Encryption Standard) to encrypt the transmitted data into cipher text. The private key generated by the sender to the specific Autonomous Vehicles can decipher the encryption text .While these IoT systems manage vast amounts the majority of sensor information is also sent to the cloud for delayed processing. While Autonomous Vehicles have a lot of promise in terms of the benefits they may offer Security and privacy are important to the transportation business. Issues represent additional difficulties that must be addressed as we go. Furthermore, Ai Research approaches are becoming increasingly important for IoT systems to automatically manage AVs. This study examines artificial intelligence (AI) and security in relation The Internet of Transportation Systems is a cloud-based system.

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Cyber Security, Cipher text, AES(Advanced Encryption Standard), Private key.

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In the globe of potentialities, IoT (Internet of Things) is playing a vital function in progress and computerization or automation of devices and objects that is making life easy, calm and most significantly consistent by regulating and monitoring the various electronic, electrical devices and a lot of other things remotely by internet. There is a radical development in IoT where huge quantity of heterogeneous appliances getting connected to internet. IoT [1] makes to link varied technologies, applications and protocols that lead to interoperability and interconnectivity between the heterogeneous wired and wireless protocols is a drawback. This paper emphasizes on the design and development of a new Bi-Directional IoT Gateways, which makes the communication among the heterogeneous appliances incorporated with various wireless protocols and wired protocol such as (Wi-Fi, ZigBee, Bluetooth, GSM and Ethernet). It makes the interlinking and interoperability among various wired and wireless protocols, by restoring the obtained sensor data got from discrete wireless nodes, for regulating and monitoring a machine by the instructions specified by remote users. Wherever there no means of internet communication the prototype utilizes built-in GSM module that send the information to the cloud and gets instructions from the remote users.

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Heterogeneous appliances, Internet of Things, Bidirectional Gateways

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Railway power conditioners have played a vital role in the railway industry for compensating negative sequence current (NSC), reactive power, and current harmonics. Also, various power conditioners have been framed to ease its implementation and improve the power quality of the traction system. To nullify the power quality problem in railway power supply network, a railway static power conditioner (RPC) based on half-bridge converter is proposed. Compared with conventional Half-Bridge-Converter-Based Railway Static Power Conditioner, the proposed conditioner could keep the rating and cost of the power quality conditioner reduced. Cooperative control strategies have been developed to achieve accurate tracking of reference signals.

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Negative Sequence Current (NSC), Railway Static Power Conditioner (RPC), Half-Bridge-Converter-Based Railway Static Power Conditioner, Installed Capacity reduction.

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