Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Background Patients with fatty liver disease have an increased prevalence of high SGOT &SGPT. The study was designed to study the level of SGOT&SGPT in different age group for the analysis of Fatty liver disease. Method A total 120 patients were subjected for biochemical examination. About 5ml of whole blood was collected from each subject for biochemical analysis. This is a retrospective study done in biochemistry department of Lourdes Hospital Ernakulam, Kerala during one month period. Result SGOT &SGPT levels increases with increase in age and the highest is in the patients above 40years of age. Conclusion In my study I conclude the patients including in the age group of 20-30,the abnormality in AST,ALT levels are 23% and 27% respectively. In the age group 30-40, it has increased to 37% and 40% respectively. In the age group 40-50, the AST,ALT level shows a remarkable increase.It has increased to 67% and 70% respectively. And in the patients above 50 years of age, the AST level is 77% and ALT level is 70%. The study reveals that AST,ALT levels increases with increase in age and highest is in the patients above 40years of age. This indicates that the patients belonging to the age group above 40years are prone to fatty liver disease and thereby to liver damage.

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STUDY OF ALT & AST IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUP FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FATTY LIVER DISEASE

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The present study concluded that the data of 29 years obtained from Water Resource Department is sufficient to obtain one to five consecutive days' annual maximum rainfall and average monthly rainfall. The data were analyzed for fitting one to five consecutive days' annual maximum rainfall and average monthly rainfall at different ability levels through various theoretical distributions; Normal, Log Normal, Gumbel and Log Pearson type III .The most suitable probability function to represent the observed data may depend on rainfall pattern of the place. As the rainfall pattern varies place to place the most suitable distribution may also vary from place to place. From the present rainfall analysis of the study area, the following conclusions are The maximum rainfall at sagar district of Madhya Pradesh state was 81.6mm, 208mm, 281mm, 304mm, 348mm and 46.712mm for one, two, three, four, five consecutive days annual maximum rainfall and average monthly rainfall respectively.

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Water Resource, Normal, Log Normal, rainfall analysis, consecutive, pattern.

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Diarrhoea is a symptom, and not a disease. Diarrhoea remains the second leading cause of death in children below 5 years of age; in addition, it is also the reason for considerable morbidity in children of all ages throughout the globe. The use of probiotics in the treatment and prevention of diarrhoeal illnesses, particularly in paediatric populations, has been thoroughly researched during the past few years. The prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea has been the subject of many investigations, both in children and in adults. Most commonly used probiotics were Lactobacillus GG, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium ssp, Streptococcus ssp, and the yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. Probiotics have been tested for a number of clinical uses such as the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD), the treatment of various diseases such as Helicobacter pylori infection, irritable bowel disease, vaginitis, the prevention of allergies, and necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns. AAD has been the most indicated therapeutic use for probiotics. A common and unwanted side effect of antibiotic therapy is antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). Disruption of the gut microbiota, decreased intestinal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations, a buildup of luminal carbohydrates and colonic bile acids, impaired water absorption, and eventually diarrhoea are its hallmarks. Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the prevention of AAD by probiotics. The hypothesis behind using probiotics for AAD is that they help normalize an unbalanced flora. Probiotics reduce the risk of AAD through altering the gut microbiota, influencing diet and bile acid metabolism, activating epithelial solute transporters, enhancing intestinal barrier function, and influencing the immune system. Probiotics are frequently suggested in addition to antibiotics, however, there is a lack of mechanistic evidence demonstrating how they can prevent AAD.

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Probiotics, Diarrhoea, Children, Efficacy, Treatment.

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ABSTRACT Daucus carota (carrot), is a herbaceous, generally biennial plant of the Apiaceae family that produces an edible taproot. Phyllanthus emblica Linn (amla), family Euphorbiaceae is an important herbal drug. These are used traditionally from ancient years in various herbal medicinal system for their antioxidant activity. The present study focused on the formulation of polyherbal face serum and evaluates the antioxidant property of serum. Antioxidants help protect skin cells from damage and aging and improve skin texture and appearance. Serum was formulated using various excipients like olive oil, sandalwood oil, glycerine, coconut oil, tween 20, demineralized water. Facial serum was tested for its PH, physical appearance, spreadability, viscosity, microbial testing, cyclic temperature test etc. The results of the stability study show that there was no change in visual acuity or homogeneity.

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Face serum, Anti-oxidant,Evaluation, Penetrate ,Active substances ,Polyherbal.

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The main aim of the study is to assess the risk of imminent aggression in institutionalized youth offenders using the dynamic appraisal of situational aggression at selected hospitals, Ranchi (Jharkhand). This study aimed to examine the predictive validity of an empirically validated measures, designed to appraise the risk of imminent aggression within institutionalized adults psychiatric patients [Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression; DASA], in adolescent male and female offenders. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the study participant. The supervising staff members on the residential units related the DASA daily for 50 youth [30 males and 20 females] over one month. The result showed that DASA total scores significantly predicted institutional aggression in the following 24 and 48 hrs; however, the predictive validity of the DASA for institutional aggression was, at best, modest. Further analyses on male and female subsamples revealed that the DASA total scores only predicted imminent institutional aggression in the male subsample. Item analyses showed that negative attitude, anger when requests and denied, and unwillingness to follow instructions predicted institutional aggression more strongly as compared with other behavioral manifestations of an irritable and unstable mental status as assessed by the DASA. Hence it is concluded that the DASA may have some utility for the identification of youth at risk of imminent aggression within institutional settings, though the results are far from compelling as compared with the previous studies on adult population. It is evident that a high ratio of supervision staff to residents is important to ensure that the predictive validity is acceptable at selected hospitals of Ranchi (Jharkhand).

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Assess, Aggression, Institutionalized youth offenders, Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression.

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To a parent, every child is special in his or her own way. All parents want his or her buds to be physically and developmentally perfect. But discovery that the child has a Mental Retardation or any disability can have profound effects on the family. There is perhaps no event more devastating to a family than a child born with birth defects and hence causes crisis in the family. The case of mental retardation is increasing around the world and in India.A Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Outlined Teaching Program Regarding Identification Of Signs And Symptoms Of Mental Retardation In Young Buds' In Terms Of Knowledge Among Teachers In Selected English Medium Primary Schools At Sagar with the objectives: To assess the knowledge of Primary school Teachers regarding Identification of signs and symptoms of Mental Retardation in Children, To administer structured teaching program regarding identification of signs and symptoms of Mental Retardation in children. H1:The mean post-test knowledge score of English medium Primary School teachers exposed to outlined teaching program will be significantly higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score measured by structured knowledge questionnaire at 0.05 level of significance. H2There will be significant association between pre-test knowledge scores and selected demographic variables of Primary School teachers at 0.05 level of significance. The research design used for the study was pre experimental (one group pre test and post test design) 60 primary school teachers and lottery method of sampling technique was used.The tool used for the study consists of two sections, section-1: consisted of demographic variables and section -II: Structured knowledge questionnaire for assessing the knowledge of Teachers on Identification of Signs and Symptoms of Mental Retardation in Children.RESULT :In the present study demographic findings was found that majority of subjects 21 (35%) belonged to the age group of 26 - 30 years. Majority of the subjects 56 (93.33%) were females. Majority of the subjects 26 (43.33%) were qualified as graduates. Most of the teachers 41 (68.33) worked in urban area. 3 (5%) teachers had MR Child in their family. Most of the teachers 23 (38.33) had experiences of 11 to 15 years. In the pre test conducted among 60 subjects, none had good knowledge, 52 (86.67 %) had average knowledge scores while 8 (13.33%) had poor knowledge scores.In the post test conducted after administering PTP, 21 (35%) had good knowledge score, 39 (65%) had average knowledge score and none had poor knowledge score. The gain in knowledge score was significant at 0.05 level of significance and calculated paired ?t' value was 23.1 which was more than the tabulated value 1.66. Hence the research hypothesis H1 was accepted.Majority of them 32 (53.33%) had previous knowledge on MR.

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A Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Outlined Teaching Program Regarding Identification Of Signs And Symptoms Of Mental Retardation In Young Buds' In Terms Of Knowledge Among Teachers In Selected English Medium Primary Schools At Sagar Madhyapradesh,India.

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X ray Diffraction Pattern of Pure Iron is influenced by various thermo-mechanical processing. The present article aims to index new peaks formed in XRD pattern of pure iron when it is electro-polished after rough and fine polishing.

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Electro-Polishing, thermo-mechanical processing, pure iron

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Today, the daily practice of self-medication is increasing due to the availability of various Over-the-counter medications. The practice of self-healing is becoming popular all over the world and is now playing an important role in self-care. When used properly, self-healing saves time and money. Improper self-medication or drug abuse can lead to serious Adverse Drug Reaction and potentially fatal consequences, as well as the development of antibiotic resistance. The aim of present study was to assess knowledge, attitude, practice towards responsible self-medication among general population. This community survey was carried out in general population where 403 particulars were interviewed and assessed Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Self-medication and statistical analyses was done. Our study showed 261(65%) have poor knowledge and 46(11%) have good knowledge about self-medication, 12 (2.9%) had negative attitude and 391(97.2%) had positive attitude and 36(9%) of participants were followed poor practices and 280(70%) followed good practices. Our study concludes that participants had positive attitude and fair practice towards responsible self-medication but the participants knowledge levels were low. However more effort needed in creating awareness programs, camps and other activities to increase knowledge. This will have a positive effect on rational use of Over-the-counter (OTC/ self- medicated) drugs that provide a high level of safety in drug use.

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Self-medication, Awareness, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, General Population, OTC drugs.

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Abstract: Motion sickness is a common and complex syndrome that occurs in response to either real or perceived motion. Its presentation can be diverse and may include gastrointestinal, central nervous system, and autonomic symptoms. The main symptom of motion sickness is typically nausea.Plant play a vital role in curing various ailments of the man and herbal remedies are getting increasing patient compliance as they are devoid of typical side effects of allopathic medicines. So there is need to investigate such drugs and their effective formulation for the better patient acceptance. While considering paediatric population the main problem is at what age children can safely swallow an oral medication especially tablets and capsules. Jellies can be easily swallowed even by children who does not have their primary teeth. For any paediatric formulation taste, colour, flavour, texture and its acceptance are very important.Considering these facts present review aims to develop novel herbal jellies containing the herbs, zingiber officinalis. The rhizomes of Zingiber officinale (ginger) have been used since ancient times as a traditional remedy for gastrointestinal complaints. The most active ingredients in ginger are the pungent principles, particularly gingerols and shogaols. This review focus on the current status of the therapeutic potential and phytochemical profile on the herbal zingiberofficinalis. It can also provides the better information regarding to the formulation and evaluation parameters of the novel herbal Jellies for motion sickness and to provide the better therapeutic effects to patient compliance.

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Motion sickness,Paediatric,zingiberofficinalis,gingerols,shagols,jellies.

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In this project work, the propeller shaft of a vehicle was chosen for a material replacement study, seeking alternative solutions to reduce weight while maintaining the vehicle's overall quality and reliability. The objective was to explore different materials that could be utilized in the construction of the propeller shaft, aiming to achieve weight reduction without compromising its performance. The project involved an in-depth analysis of various material options and their potential suitability for the propeller shaft application. The focus was on identifying alternative materials with favourable characteristics such as high strength, low weight, enhanced stiffness, and resistance to fatigue. By examining these materials, the project aimed to find substitutes that could effectively reduce the weight of the propeller shaft. Through the exploration of different material choices and thorough evaluation, the project sought to optimize the design of the propeller shaft, resulting in a lighter overall vehicle. This weight reduction would directly translate into improved fuel efficiency, especially in urban driving conditions where the impact of weight reduction on fuel consumption is particularly significant. In summary, the project centered on a material replacement analysis for the propeller shaft, with the goal of finding alternative materials that could offer weight reduction while ensuring the vehicle's quality and reliability.

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Catia Software, Propeller shaft, Solid Works 14.0, Hypermesh, Ansys.

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