Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

"THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NORMAL SALINE MOUTH WASH ON PREVENTION OF ORAL MUCOSITIS AMONG PATIENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY"

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H: Hypothesis, df: degree of freedom

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An exploratory study to assess the prevalence and factors associated with breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers in selected hospital Ranchi with a view to develop an information booklet regarding exclusive breast feeding OBJECTIVES- 1. To find out prevalence of breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers. 2. To investigate preferred breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers. 3. To explore the factors associated with breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers 4. To find out association of breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers with their selected socio demographic variables PROJECTEDOUTCOME/HYPOTHESIS- H0 - There will be no significant association between breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers with their selected socio demographic variables. H1 - There will be significant association between breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers with their selected socio demographic variables. For thepresent studydescriptive researchdesign:-isutilized to achieve the statedobjective . The study was basedon the conceptual framework of health belief model is to assess the prevalence and factors associated with breast milk substitute among postnatal mothers. Anquantitative researchapproachis used pilot studywas conducted toconfirm the feasibility of the study and determine the reliability of the tool.Formain studyconsecutive sampling wasdoneon100 sampleof postnatal mothers of inselectedhospitals of Ranchi. The tool used for data collection consists of self structured check list for demographic data and factors associated with substitute breast feeding. A formal written permission was obtained from the Director,of District Maternal and Child Hospital Ranchi. Data collection for the study was carried out from 2/11/22 to 28/11/22.The investigator first introduces her self to the respondents and explain the purpose of gathering information .They were assured that their response would be kept confidential and used only for the purpose of research. The data was analysed using the descriptive and inferential statistics where the result shows. analysis to assess the factors associated with breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers, in physical factors mean (9.09), SD(2.82), emotional factors mean (3.08), SD(1.02), mean score % (61.6%), social factors mean (3.39), SD(1.11), mean score % (56.5%), organizational factors mean (3.21), SD(1.14), mean score % (64.2%), and other mean (2.12), SD(0.8), mean score % (70.67% Findingrelated toassociation between factors associated with breast milk substitute feeding among postnatal mothers of age, educational qualification, occupation of mother, type of family, gravida, parity, characteristics of delivery, weight of baby, and characteristics of baby were socio demographic variables, The calculated value of chi square for occupation of mother (15.61) were significant, while calculated value of chi square for age (2.65), educational qualification (6.71), type of family (0.26), gravida (6.84), parity (2.01), characteristics of delivery (2.37), weight of baby (9.43), characterisitcs of baby (0.97) were not significant. Hence it is concluded that occupation of mother were associated with factors, whereas age, educational qualification, gravida, type of family, parity, weight of baby, characteristics of baby were not associated with level of factors. The study will be a motivation to beginning researcher to conduct similar studiesonthelargescale.Similarstudymaybereplicatedforlargersampleindifferentsettingfor making broad generalization.

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H: Hypothesis, df: degree of freedom

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Health is wealth. To keep body in good health is a dutyotherwise we shall not be able to keep our mind strong & clear. So health is something that should be taken into serious consideration and also it become one of most concerned issues of any human being . A human life is divided into five main stages namely infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthoodand old age. In each of these stages an individual find himself in different situations and face difficult problems. The old age is not without any problems. In elderly people, the physical strength deteriorates, mental stability diminishes money power becomes break coupled with negligence from younger generation. Ageing is natural process. Due to improved health care services there is decreased infertility and mortality and these leads to increased geriatric population both in developed as well as developing countries. India's population is likely to increase by 60% between 2000 and 2050 but the number of elders, who attained 60 years of age, will shot up by 360 percentages. India has around 100 million elderly at present and number is expected to increase 323 million, constituting 20% of total population by 2050.Nearly 5-7% of elderly patients who are attending primary care have a primary complaint of sleeping problems. The active elderly person who suddenly losses energy and they become easily to prone sleep disturbance. The number of persons above the age of 60 years is fast growing especially in India. India is second most popular country in world has 76.6 million people at over age of 60 year. bPre experimental design [non-randomized control group] i.e. "one group pre-test, post-test research design" was used for assessing the effectiveness of hot water footbath therapy on the quality of sleep among elderly, staying in old age home The reliability of the tool was calculated using Karl Pearson methods. The tool was found to be reliable (r=0.8) for data collection. The data was collected after taking formal approval from principal Vapi Purpose of the study was explained to the group and confidentiality was assured. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency, mean, standard deviation, and associated by chi square test. The findings related to effectiveness of hot water footbath therapy on the quality of sleep among elderly The post-test score (13.5), SD (1.8) is higher than the pretest mean score is (7.8), SD(1.6) and t value = 7.5 obtained, which is highly significant at P=0.05 calculated value is greater than the table value, hence the H0 hypothesis is rejected and H1 alternative hypothesis is accepted.

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effectiveness, hot water bath therapy, quality of sleep, elderly, old age

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Calisthenic exercises leads to an improvement in overall strength and energy to the body, in turn promoting overall health. Calisthenics also improves mental health, which in turn helps in treating depression, stress, anxiety and the like. Title: "A study to assess the effectiveness of calisthenic exercises in reducing stress among nursing students in a selected college of nursing at dewas "Objectives: To assess the level of stress and find out the effectiveness of calisthenic exercises, associate the post test stress score with their selected demographic variables among nursing students. Methods and materials: A pre experimental design was chosen Non probability convenient sampling technique used to select the sample.60 nursing students were the sample. Perceived stress scale was used to assess the nursing students stress. Results: In pretest, the nursing students stress score was 23.12 after the administration of calisthenic exercise the post test stress score was 14.18 Difference is 8.94.It was statistically significant at p<0.001 level. Conclusion: Statistical significance was calculated by using chi square test and one way Anova-test, student paired t-test. After calisthenic exercise the stress level has reduced among nursing students. So calisthenic exercise has significant impact in reducing the stress among nursing students.

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Aim: Comparative study of Immunomodulatory activity of Actidinia delicosa cv. Hayward fruit and Brassica olearaceae var. Capitata leaf in experimental animals. Material and Method: The assessment of immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extract of Actidinia delicosa cv. Hayward fruit (200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) and methanolic extract of Brassica olearaceae var. Capitata leaf (250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) were done by Carbon clearance test and Neutrophil adhesion test for Non-specific immunity, Delayed Type Of Hypersensitivity Reaction for Cell mediated immune response, and T-Cell population test. Result: The present studies suggest that the methanolic extract of Brassica olearaceae var. Capitata leaf was found to possess significant Immunostimulatory activity on Immune system than the ethanolic extract of Actidinia delicosa cv. Hayward fruit in dose dependent manner when compare with control group.

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Immunostimulant action, kiwi, red cabbage, Levamisole,

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"A study to assess the effectiveness of Gestalt group therapy on psychological well being among Alcohol Dependence Syndrome patients admitted in selected De-addiction centers, Dewas". The objectives of the study were,: To assess the pre-test and post-test level of psychological well being among alcohol dependence syndrome patients in experimental group and control group. To find out the effectiveness of gestalt group therapy on psychological well being among alcohol dependence syndrome patients in experimental group. To compare the pretest and post-test level of psychological well being among alcohol dependence syndrome patients in experimental group and control group. To associate the post test level of psychological wellbeing among alcohol dependence syndrome patients in experimental group and control group with their selected demographic variables like age, education, religion, occupation, family monthly income, marital status, number of children, dietary pattern, area of living, duration of alcohol consumption and duration of stay. Method: Quantitative research approach was used. Quasi experimental pre-test and post-test control group design was adopted for this study. Non probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples. Result: In experimental group the pre-test mean value of psychological well being was 145.6 with the standard deviation of 28.19. In experimental group the post-test mean value of psychological well being was 182.2 with the standard deviation of 33.97. The calculated 't' value was 4.63 In control group the pre-test mean value of psychological well being was 42.5 with standard deviation of 26.90. In control group the post-test mean value of psychological well being was 143.5 with standard deviation of 25.90. The calculated 't' value was 3.12. There was a significant association between the post test level of psychological wellbeing among alcohol dependence syndrome patients in experimental group with the demographic variables like age, religion, family monthly income, marital status and dietary pattern at p<0.05 level and there was a no significant association between the post test level of psychological wellbeing among alcohol dependence syndrome patients in experimental group with the selected demographic variables like education, occupation, number of children, area of living, duration of alcohol consumption and duration of stay at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: From the result of the study it was concluded that practicing gestalt group therapy to the alcohol dependence syndrome patient was very effective in improving the level of psychological well being. Therefore the investigator felt that more importance should be given for gestalt group therapy to improving the level of psychological well being.

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This study aims to explore the effects of blended learning on B.Ed. students' achievement and attitudes. The researchers selected 200 students studying at JIMS School of Education and MRN School of Education using purposive sampling. The findings of the study indicate that there are significant differences among the instructional approaches in terms of achievement test scores, favouring blended learning. This suggests that students who experienced blended learning performed better on the achievement test compared to those who did not. Blended learning is an instructional approach that combines traditional face-to-face teaching with online learning components. It typically involves a mix of in-person classroom sessions and online activities, such as virtual discussions, multimedia presentations, or interactive modules. The combination of these methods allows for flexibility, personalized learning experiences, and increased student engagement. The findings of this study suggest that implementing blended learning in B.Ed. programs can positively impact students' achievement. It may be beneficial for educators and institutions to consider incorporating blended learning approaches into their teaching practices to enhance student outcomes and foster positive attitudes towards learning.

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Blended learning, Achievement, B.Ed. students, Effectiveness

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Women contributed significantly to the development of society and the economy by upholding a variety of standards, including those around procreation, home responsibilities, and productive endeavors. The majority of developing nations, however, discriminate against women based on their gender. Based on their standing in relation to other family members, women who live in the same home are subject to a number of constraints. As a result, women's power and options are constrained not just by their unique traits but also by the outside forces that have an impact on them, such as constitutional rights, societal norms, and domestic circumstances (Bolt, V. J. a. B., Kate,2003). Even though the Indian Constitution guarantees women equal rights, cultural and sociological barriers prevent Indian women from taking advantage of this right (Sen, A. ,2001). The key causes include financial dependency, the population's gender ratio, health state, pay disparities, and a lesser level of involvement in household decision-making. While the status of women has improved over the past 20 years, societal and institutional barriers continue to limit the opportunities for gender equality in areas including job, caregiving, and domestic freedoms (Stewart, S ,2004). In India, the government and non-governmental organizations are working to facilitate and improve the opportunities available to women by focusing on empowerment strategies to bring women from a condition of dependency to a state of independence. This paper is an attempt to understand the concept of Women empowerment and how the Self Help Groups as an agency used to uplift the status of women. It will also focus on the role of National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) in empowering the women in Himachal Pradesh.

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Women empowerment; Women rights; Self Help Groups(SHG's); Development; Micro- credit.

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This study raised two pertinent research questions: Has the use of POS filled in as a source of income for entrepreneurs? How do young people in Abia State see the government's contribution to the growth of entrepreneurship in the state? The study was anchored on economic survival theory. The study discovered a significant correlation between young people's perceptions of the role of the government in entrepreneurship development and their entrepreneurial intentions. It was also discovered that entrepreneurial creativity has a positive impact on economic activities, with a correlation of about 84% between the use of POS and the source of income for small business startups. According to the study, local government chairmen should work with the Abia State government to support risk-taking by entrepreneurs by offering soft loans and counterpart finance assistance. This will help those with entrepreneurial intentions grow their businesses and create more jobs for the state and local governments.

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Point of Sale (POS); Entrepreneurship; Small Business; Income

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The automobile sector plays a significant role in the global economy, making it an attractive area for investors seeking potential opportunities. However, investing in stocks within this sector requires careful consideration of risk and return characteristics to make informed investment decisions. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive risk-return analysis of selected stocks in the automobile sector. The objective is to assess the potential risks and returns associated with investing in these stocks, thereby assisting investors in making informed investment decisions. The study analyses key financial indicators, such as beta, return on investment, and stock performance, to evaluate the risk and return profiles of the selected stocks. By examining these factors, the study provides valuable insights into the risk-return trade-off within the automobile sector and offers recommendations for investors seeking to maximize their investment returns while managing risks effectively

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Risk-return analysis, Automobile sector, Beta, Return on investment, Stock performance, Risk management, Investment decisions, Investor recommendations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition