Volume 11 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

The defence industry plays a vital role in safeguarding the sovereignty of a nation. India has always been reliant on imports to meet its defence requirements. However, the Atmanirbhar Bharat (self-reliant India) and Make in India initiatives have been launched to promote indigenous manufacturing and reduce dependence on imports. This research paper examines the role of these policies in strengthening India's defence industry. The paper analyzes India's defence industry's current state, its challenges, and the steps taken to overcome them. It also evaluates the impact of the Atamnirbhar Bharat and Make in India policies on the defence industry and the measures that need to be taken to make them more effective. The study concludes that the policies have the potential to make India self-reliant in defence manufacturing and contribute significantly to the country's overall security.

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 Keywords

Defence industry, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Make in India, Self-reliance, Indigenous manufacturing, Import substitution, National security

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In modern life, credit cards play a major role in everyone's life. Credit cards have both positive and negative impacts. the majority of people, including middle-class people, on their daily purchases and has a significant impact on middle-class people's lives. Most likely, the credit card debt can get out of control, leading to a high interest rate,late fees, and other penalties. Credit cards may also affect the credit scores of people in the middle class peoples.Moreover, credit card companies target the middle class by providing attractive offers and rewards. This study looks at how credit cards affect the lives of middle-class people. The research is descriptive in nature, and data has been collected from 100 people of the middle class using credit cards. A convenient sample collection technique was employed in collecting samples. Pie chart and cross tabulation have been used to interpret the data. The respondents help to calculate the majority of age groups using credit cards in this society.

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: Credit card,knowledge,middle class people,credit score

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Cervical Spondylosis is a general term for work and age related wear and tear in the cervical spine, this results in neck pain, stiffness and restricted movements. The Human spine made up of 24 vertebrae (bones of spine) out of these 7 vertebrae that begin at the base of skull makes cervical spine. Spondylosis is a natural wearing of spine parts which leads chronic degeneration of cervical including the cushions between the neck vertebrae and joints between the bones of the cervical spine. As age progresses or long sitting working hours the spine undergoes changes like Degeneration, Herniation, osteoarthritis, bone growth (bone spur). As vertebral disks wear away with time, spinal cord can be put under increased pressure as the canal gets narrower from arthritis and disk protrusions. This compression can result in worsening neck pain and other symptoms. This can lead to increasing pain in the neck and arm, weakness and numbness of limbs. In advanced cases, the spinal cord may also be involved. A previous neck injury may predispose to Spondylosis, but the major risk factor is aging and occupation. It is mainly presented as pain in neck that may radiate to shoulders, arms, Stiffness in neck, headache particularly in the occiput etc. Neck pain is a widespread condition and the second most common complaint after low back pain. This condition is associated with a significant burden of disease with substantial disability and economic cost.

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 Keywords

Yogic Techniques, Naturopathy treatment, Cervical spondylosis

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The increasing popularity of mobile cloud computing among mobile device users has allowed their data to be stored in cloud. When sensitive information is stored and transmitted on the Internet, security is the main issue. So user must have to ensure that the data is secure and protected. This article include the discussion of Data privacy to reduce data usage. In addition, mobile cloud computing has limitations in the following aspects resources, such as energy, processors, memory, and storage. Cryptography can ensure confidentiality, authentication, availability and data integrity. This is done through encryption algorithms, such as Data Encryption Standard (DES), Blowfish and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Experimental results and the performance of encryption algorithms is evaluated and compared. The performance indicators used are Encryption and Decryption time, CPU and memory utilization. The evaluation result shows to choose a suitable encryption algorithm among all technologies to reduce resources and consider the different parameters that are most suitable for future user requirements.

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 Keywords

DES, Blowfish, AES, Cryptography, Cloud Computing, RSA.

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helical coil, Nusselt Number, heat transfer, Heat Exchanger, varying pitch, varying inclination angles, Nanofluid

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For better health, waste products should be removed from the body completely. If it remains behind, then it will lead to the start of many diseases which will hamper quality of life. In samhita waste products excreted out of the body are mala, mutra and sweda. Mutra is excreted out of the body to remove toxins from blood and purify it. Mutra is evacuated out of the body through the specified channel called mutravasrota. Srotas is explained by all acharya as it is an important channel for the body to move all the bhavpadhartha from one place to another. The pathway has to be clear in such a way that mala should be excreted out of the body effortlessly. Any deformity progresses which causes the obstruction will make it be retained in the body, causes disease. One of the mutravahastrotas vyadhi is "Vatakundalika" under mutraghata chapter. It is explained that aggravated vata moves in a circular direction in the bladder which cause severe pain, and heaviness of the bladder urine is passed as dribbling micturition that too in less quantity with the expulsion of feces. This disease is called vatakundalika.

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Mutravahastota , Vatakundalika , Mutraghata, Uroflometry, Mutravittasang, Srujedaalpaalpamathwa, Sarujaskam Shaneeshanee, Mutravihanti sasatambha.

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- In highway Construction industry to save contractors form price fluctuations of material, Fuel, Labour etc. the price escalation clause is added but in different type project and Different type of Government entities are using differential formulae. Contractor/Concessionaire at the time of biding the project and at the time of the project execution i.e from appointed dated its takes about 3-4 years; the project duration above 1 year is taken in to account of price escalation. The price escalation cost will calculate differently with different formulae due to same there is variation of amount. In this paper we will identify the differential cost of price escalation by using one project with different government formulae and we will conclude which type of formulae is adequate. Also, this paper gives us how these prices are calculated, for same which data is to be required. Using different entity price escalation clause, the most efficient and accurate method of price escalation will conclude in this dissertation.

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Price Escalation, Price Index, Clause, WPI, CPI, Preceding Quarter, CPWD,HAM,

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Sciatica is a term applied to all form of pain along the course of sciatic nerve, whether due to interstitial neuritis or neuralgia. Sciatica is a term used to describe nerve pain in the leg that is caused by irritation or compression of the root pathology. Homoeopathy has effective option to treat sciatica. Sciatica is a debilitating condition of the sciatic nerve. Homoeopathy is a holistic and safe way to overcome sciatica without any side effects. Homoeopathic medicines also correct the underlying problems such as neurological pains and as well neurological disorders. The constitutional way of treatment is safe and has remedies that are free from side effects.

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Sciatic neuritis, Primary sciatica, Secondary sciatica, Homoeopathy.

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Abstract: The current study has been appropriately powered and structured to estimate the prevalence of COPD and other comorbidities as well as to examine the distribution of COPD medication prescriptions. The main objective of this study?includes to determine the Demographic Characteristics, the Prevalence of COPD and its types, the distribution of COPD among Smokers and Non-Smokers, Evaluating the Clinical profile, Comorbidities Spirometric findings Radiographic profile ( Chest- X-ray), and Prescription pattern of drugs in the COPD patients. This study was conducted in the pulmonology department for 6 months. The total no.of cases during the study registered in the pulmonology department was 1500. Among 1500, 200 patients were having COPD. Among 200, 149 (75%) were males and 51 (25%) were females. This study indicated that the prevalence of COPD was more in males than females. The prevalence of COPD was found to be 13.3%. According to our findings, the prevalence of COPD was higher than the global prevalence, which ranges from 10.7% to 12.1%. COPD was more in the age group of 61 to 70. The most common symptoms observed in the patients were dyspnea, cough, expectoration, wheezing, fever, and chest tightness. The most common comorbidity observed in patients were Hypertension, diabetes, chronic liver disease, hypothyroidism, obesity, and ischemic heart disease, etc. patients were treated with multiple drugs including beta-2 agonists, antimuscarinics, inhaled corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, leukotriene receptor antagonists, antihistamines, antibiotics, systemic corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, and other drugs. prescribed antibiotics include amoxicillin, piperacillin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, and doxycycline.

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COPD, prevalence, symptoms, comorbidities, prescription, patients, drugs.

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The rural market has been growing constantly over the years. The challenges of rural marketing are perpetuating. The vast market demands good marketing strategies to design a win-win situation for all the groups in the rural marketing chain. Rural markets are a time-consuming affair and demand substantial investment. Consumers in rural areas have a relatively low standard of living, and rural customers have diverse socio-economic backwardness. Price is the most crucial factor that influences the buying decision of a customer in a rural market. They can compromise on quality for a lower price and magnet towards discounts and sales. Buying decision process defines the rudimentary stages that a consumer goes through while he decides to buy a product. Purchase decision of a rural customer is determined by his lifestyle, his values, and personality. Challenges in the Indian Rural Markets are Underdeveloped People, Underdeveloped Markets, Unprofessional Communication, Multilingual, Low Per Capita Income & Poor Infrastructure Facilities. This research study refers to a deep analysis of rural market in-terms of rural market strategies practiced by Four established companies belong to different industries namely ITC, HUL, LG, Nokia to tap the rural market and behaviour of rural consumers. This study has been conducted in Four selected rural districts of Madhya Pradesh state of India that is the central province of the country.

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 Keywords

Key words: Purchase Decision, Rural Consumers, Low Per Capita Income, Socio-economic Backwardness & Underdeveloped Markets

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