Volume 14 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

The present research study aimed to evaluate the effect of regular yogic practices (yoga exercises) on the educational stress and academic anxiety of secondary school students. The study employed an experimental and comparative research method, testing a 12-week yogic intervention. A total of 120 students (60 in the experimental group from Zora School, 60 in the control group from Kachna School) were included in the study. Students in the experimental group performed regular yogic practices (asanas, pranayama, meditation, and kriyas) for 12 weeks, while the control group received no intervention. To measure educational stress and academic anxiety, the Academic Stress Inventory for Secondary School Students (ASISS) and the Educational Anxiety Scale (EAS) were used. Statistical analysis of the obtained data (independent t-test, significance level p < 0.05) revealed that the experimental group showed a significant reduction of 30.7% in educational stress (t = 10.98, p < 0.001) and a significant reduction of 21.8% in academic anxiety (t = 9.45, p < 0.001). The control group showed no statistically significant changes in either variable. The findings of the study demonstrate that yogic practices have a highly positive and statistically significant effect in reducing educational stress and academic anxiety among secondary school students. This research underscores the need to include yoga as an effective stress management intervention in the school curriculum.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Yogic Practices, Educational Stress, Academic Anxiety, Secondary School Students, ASISS, EAS, Government Schools, Zora School, Kachna School

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract-Sinusitis refers to inflammation affecting one or more of the paranasal sinuses. It is commonly categorized into four types depending on the duration and persistence of symptoms. Chronic sinusitis often develops due to persistent bacterial or fungal infections. It is a common health condition, and studies suggest that approximately one in eight individuals in India may experience chronic sinusitis. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Homoeopathic management in diagnosed case of chronic sinusitis. Material and methods: A single clinical case of a 38 years old male patient with chronic sinusitis was treated with Kali Bichromicum along with dietary regulation and Pranayam. Clinical Assessment was done before and after treatment. Results: Significant reduction in nasal obstruction, pain and nasal mucous discharge was observed after 3 weeks, with complete remission by 5 weeks. The patient reported improved olfactory function, restful sleep and no recurrence after exposure to cold. Conclusion: The homoeopathic approach focusing on reversal of pathology after prescribing medicine on totality of symptoms.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Keywords-Chronic Sinusitis, Kali Bichromicum, Homoeopathy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Social media plays a significant role in shaping public discourse and influencing policy outcomes. Activists can use these platforms to raise public awareness, generate public pressure, and advocate for policy changes. Social media are interactive technologies that facilitate the creation, sharing and aggregation of content amongst virtual communities and networks. This theory emphasizes the interaction between marginalized groups and their political environment, by focusing on openings in power structures that allow for the advancement of movements. McFarland discusses how power dynamics and institutional responsiveness determine if grievances evolve into organized action. In terms of benefits, social media has enabled social movements to amass large amounts of success. The online world provides the power to organise without any formal organisations, which speeds up the process of mobilisation and allows for greater scale in rapid periods. Additionally, these online movements are able to sustain attention across borders, a feat that was not previously possible. Finally, social media supported the development of creativity to contribute to narrative building, critical in driving effective social movements. For instance, memes, in particular, have proven to be a useful tool when it comes to repeat certain ideas so that they enter the public consciousness and are able to retain attention. However, social media comes with its detriments as well. Social media movements can organise too fast, and without network internalities, which are durable networks ideal for organised action. As a result, there is a limited ability to make real change. Social media movements might also lack clear leadership, which makes it hard to interact with authorities in order to direct precise and meaningful change. It is unsurprising that different social movements organised on social media have resulted in extremely different consequences. In India, social networking has evolved from Orkut's early popularity to the dominance of platforms like Facebook and Meta's ecosystem, fueled by affordable data and increasing internet access, with Indians spending a significant amount of time online. Social networks are online platforms where individuals and organizations connect, communicate, share information, and form relationships, playing a vital role in modern life, facilitating social interaction, business, education, and entertainment.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Key Words: Viksit Bharat, Social Media, Social Networks, Social Movements, Types, New and Old Social Movements, Social Movements, Themes, Goals and Objectives, Aspects, Strategic Focus Areas of Viksit Bharat@ 2047, Implementation Strategies, Targets, Blueprint for India, Issues and Challenges, Way forward, Road Map, Findings and Suggestions.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rise of India and China to energy greatness has changed the world energy landscape and the geopolitical make-up of the 21st century. The energy needs of both countries have significantly increased due to rapid economic growth, industrialization, urbanization, technological development and population growth, which has made them some of the largest consumers and importers of oil, natural gas and electricity in the world. The purpose of the study is to explore the factors behind the emergence of India and China as energy powers, focusing on energy security, foreign investments in energy, maritime strategic interests, transition to renewable energy and geopolitical implications at regional and global levels. It examines the different approaches both countries have taken to ensure uninterrupted energy supplies via energy diplomacy, investments in foreign oil and gas resources, strategic partnerships and infrastructure developments in Africa, Central Asia, the Middle East and Southeast Asia. The study also delves into the energy resource and maritime route competition between India and China and their areas of cooperation in multilateral cooperation bodies like BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. Moreover, it talks about the rising significance of renewable energy in alleviating fossil fuel reliance and promoting sustainable development. With this in mind, the research uses the theories of realism and liberalism to explain the co-existence of competition and cooperation in the energy policies of both countries. It finds that together, the energy policies of India and China will continue to influence and drive international energy governance, regional security, international trade, climate policy and the future transition to cleaner energy systems, and that they are crucial players in the changing international political and economic order.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

India, China, Energy Security, Geopolitics, Renewable Energy

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Over the past decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have moved from niche military and hobbyist platforms to foundational instruments of modern precision agriculture. Equipped with multispectral, thermal, hyperspectral, and LiDAR sensors, today's agricultural drones allow growers to observe their fields at spatial and temporal resolutions that neither satellite imagery nor ground-based scouting can routinely match. This review synthesises peer-reviewed literature published between 2020 and 2025 to examine where drone technology currently stands, how it is applied across diverse farming contexts, and what barriers continue to slow broader adoption. The evidence base examined here spans crop-health mapping, precision chemical application, irrigation scheduling, livestock surveillance, post-event damage assessment, and autonomous seeding. Across these domains, well-designed field studies consistently demonstrate meaningful reductions in agrochemical use, measurable gains in input-use efficiency, and, in labour-intensive contexts, substantial cost savings. At the same time, honest appraisal reveals persistent gaps: constrained flight endurance, high capital cost for smallholder farmers, weather-induced operational windows, heavy data-processing requirements, and regulatory frameworks that lag behind the pace of hardware development. This paper concludes that, while no single technology resolves the compound pressures facing global food production, UAVs occupy a uniquely versatile position in the precision-agriculture toolkit. Continued progress in artificial intelligence, sensor miniaturisation, swarm coordination, and alternative energy sources suggests that the platforms commercially available today represent an early iteration of what will become indispensable infrastructure for sustainable farming.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

precision agriculture, UAV, crop monitoring, remote sensing, drone spraying, irrigation management, AI in agriculture, food security.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

India is referred to as the "land of temples." The Hindu temple is a landmark with ornate architectural details and sculptures. One of the oldest temples in the Kumaun Himalayas is the Katarmal Sun Temple in Almora. It is renowned for both its architectural styles and religious elements. Textile product design can be developed using the temple's architectural designs. As a result, an effort was undertaken to investigate Katarmal Sun Temple motifs in textile items like upholstery. Using computer-aided design, various motifs from the Katarmal Sun Temple were chosen and modified for design development. Heat transfer printing was used to print the chosen cushion cover pattern and color combination. The judges assessed the finished printed cushion cover for acceptability and found it to be very satisfactory. This paper aims to raise awareness of Uttarakhand's ancient architectural legacy so that people prioritize it and take action to protect it.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Motif, Katarmal Sun temple, Computer Aided Designing, Heat transfer printing

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly positioned as a transformative educational technology for Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics (STEAM) instruction in higher education. Its immersive, interactive and spatially oriented environments can support the visualisation of abstract phenomena, experimental rehearsal, collaborative inquiry and interdisciplinary problem-solving. This paper critically examines the integration of VR in higher education STEAM instruction, with particular emphasis on virtual laboratory learning in Master of Science (M.Sc.) Physics programmes. Drawing upon constructivism, experiential learning, embodied cognition and the Technology, Pedagogy and Content Knowledge framework, the paper argues that VR laboratories can enrich physics learning by enabling students to explore microscopic, computational and experimentally hazardous phenomena that are difficult to access through conventional laboratories alone. The paper discusses pedagogical affordances, instructional design principles, applications in advanced physics practicals, assessment strategies, equity concerns and implementation challenges. It proposes a blended techno-laboratory model in which VR serves as a preparatory, complementary and reflective environment before and after actual laboratory experimentation. The paper concludes that VR should not be treated as a replacement for physical laboratories; rather, it should be integrated as a pedagogically designed bridge between theoretical visualisation, procedural understanding and experimental authenticity.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Virtual Reality, STEAM Education, Higher Education, Virtual Laboratory, M.Sc. Physics, Immersive Learning, Techno-Laboratory

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

India is experiencing a growing public health problem due to the widespread use of smoking, tobacco, and alcohol, which are major contributors to the development and progression of chronic diseases. Non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, and hypertension, account for nearly two-thirds of all deaths in the country, and substance use has been identified as one of the most important modifiable risk factors. The purpose of this study is to assess the patterns of smoking, tobacco, and alcohol use among chronic disease patients in India, including state-wise, gender-wise, and age-wise variations. Based on data obtained from nationally representative surveys, such as the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), an analysis has been conducted, and the results are presented in detailed tables and graphical illustrations. The results show that there are significant regional variations, with the highest prevalence of tobacco and alcohol use found in the North-Eastern states, specifically in Mizoram, Tripura, Meghalaya, and Arunachal Pradesh. The prevalence of male use is significantly higher than that of females in most states; however, some states have shown appreciable prevalence of female use, specifically for smokeless tobacco and alcohol. Age-wise distribution shows higher use of substances among those aged 30-59 years, which coincides with the peak period of chronic disease burden. In patients with chronic illnesses, the use of tobacco and alcohol is linked to the progression of the disease, complications, decreased efficacy of pharmacotherapy, and mortality. The use of tobacco is responsible for more than one million deaths per year in India, while alcohol is a major contributor to liver disease, cardiovascular disease, injuries, and early deaths. The joint use of tobacco and alcohol has a synergistic effect, especially in cancers and cardiovascular diseases. The paper highlights the importance of screening, intervention, and the incorporation of tobacco and alcohol cessation programs into chronic disease care. Improving public health policies, regional enforcement, and the use of gender- and age-sensitive approaches are important in minimizing the long-term impact of chronic diseases related to substance use in India.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Smoking; Tobacco Use; Alcohol Consumption; Chronic Diseases; India; State-Wise Analysis; Gender Differences; Mortality; Public Health; Non-Communicable Diseases.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Irulas are recognized as the sole indigenous tribal community residing in the Krishnagiri district. Although the Irulas currently inhabit the states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala, their presence is more widespread and concentrated in Tamil Nadu compared to other regions. The Irulas of Tamil Nadu are broadly categorized into two major groups: the 'Nilgiri Hill Irulas' and the 'Plain Irulas.' The 'Plains Irulas' refer to those members of the community who reside in the northern districts of Tamil Nadu; the Irulas of Krishnagiri district are classified under this 'Plains Irular' category. Within this district, they are found scattered across the Denkanikottai taluk, as well as the Krishnagiri, Barur, and Sulagiri taluks. Generally, they establish their settlements in areas adjacent to forests; they rarely reside in urban areas. They continue to show a lack of interest in availing themselves of formal educational opportunities. Furthermore, they tend to possess a disposition that prefers living in isolation, rather than engaging socially with members of other communities. However, this scenario is slowly changing, as they have established settlements and found employment near urban centres. The Irulas of this region are linguistically distinct, comprising groups that speak Tamil and others that speak a hybrid language blending elements of Kannada and Telugu. Their native language currently lacks a written script. While their traditional occupations generally involved gathering forest produce and collecting honey, contemporary restrictions imposed by the Forest Department have led them to opt for agricultural wage labour instead. Additionally, some families have undertaken the occupation of rearing goats and cattle, utilizing livestock provided to them through subsidies by the Forest Department. Currently, many are migrating to areas surrounding cities in the neighbouring state--specifically Bangalore, Mysore, and Hassan - in search of employment, particularly in construction work and as night watchmen duties. Comparatively, the socio-cultural life of this community is characterized by greater hardship and stunted development when contrasted with the living conditions of other communities residing in the plain regions. It can be assessed that their way of life is even more impoverished than that of the Irulas people of the Nilgiri Hills. This article is undertaken as a study to shed light on their contemporary social life.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Irulas, Krishnagiri, Socio-cultural life

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Anusuchit Janjatiyon mein Dalhan, Sabziyon evam Phalon ke Upbhog ki Sthaniya Vividhata: Sarguja Jile ke Vishesh Sandarbh mein

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Anusuchit Janjatiyon mein Dalhan, Sabziyon evam Phalon ke Upbhog ki Sthaniya Vividhata: Sarguja Jile ke Vishesh Sandarbh mein

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition