Volume 14 | Issue 7 |

 Abstract

Ambikagiri Raichoudhury (1885-1967), popularly honoured as Assam Kesari (The Lion of Assam), occupies a distinguished position in the political, literary, and cultural history of modern Assam. He emerged as one of the most influential personalities during the Indian freedom movement by integrating anti-colonial nationalism with the protection of Assamese language, literature, and cultural identity. Unlike many political leaders whose activities remained confined to political campaigns, Ambikagiri employed literature, journalism, public speeches, and cultural activism as powerful instruments to awaken national consciousness among the people. His writings inspired patriotism, social responsibility, and resistance against colonial domination while simultaneously encouraging the preservation of Assam's unique cultural heritage. His political philosophy reflected an inclusive vision of nationalism in which regional identity strengthened, rather than weakened, the broader cause of Indian nation-building. Through organisations, literary works, educational initiatives, and public movements, he sought to cultivate self-respect, unity, and democratic values among the people of Assam. This study examines Ambikagiri Raichoudhury's contribution to India's freedom struggle, analyses his political and cultural ideology, and evaluates his lasting role in shaping Assamese identity. The article argues that his legacy continues to remain relevant in contemporary India, particularly in discussions concerning cultural pluralism, linguistic preservation, democratic nationalism, and regional autonomy.

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 Keywords

Ambikagiri Raichoudhury, Indian Freedom Movement, Assam Kesari, Nationalism, Assamese Identity, Cultural Nationalism, Freedom Struggle, Assam.

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Food waste poses a major challenge to global sustainable development and food security. China's Anti-Food Waste Law, introduced in 2021, is an important intervention policy that aims to curb food waste by influencing public attitudes and consumption behaviors. Based on social media text mining, this study systematically evaluates the policy effects of the law. By analyzing more than 81,000 microblogs related to food waste from 2019 to 2023, the changes in public discourse, attitudes, and self-reported behaviors before and after the implementation of the law were explored. The study found that government initiatives such as the "Clean Plate Campaign" were widely disseminated on social media and became the focus of public discussion. Topic model analysis revealed that public perception closely aligned with the core principles of the Anti-Food Waste Law, demonstrating that the law had a significant influence on shaping public discourse. Sentiment analysis results showed that public sentiment reached a peak at the beginning of policy implementation, but its positive impact did not last long. Overall, this study verified the application potential of text mining technology in policy effect evaluation and emphasized that sustained public participation is essential for the long-term effectiveness of policies. It is recommended that policymakers continue to carry out highly interactive campaigns through social media to consolidate the social consensus against food waste.

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 Keywords

Food Waste, Policy Evaluation, Text Mining, Public Sentiment, China's Anti-Food Waste Law, Large Language Models

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This paper presents the design and implementation of an AI-powered online meeting summary generator that automates transcription, summarization, and report generation from virtual meetings. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful solution for automating meeting transcription, summarization, and documentation. The system combines browser-based audio capture, speech recognition, natural language processing, and large language model based summarization to generate concise meeting reports with minimal manual effort. The proposed architecture utilizes the Web Audio API for audio acquisition, Mozilla DeepSpeech for speech-to-text conversion, and the Gemma language model for abstractive summarization and action-item extraction. The implementation focuses on privacy-aware processing, real-time usability, and support for modern collaboration platforms. Experimental observations demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly reduces manual note-taking effort while producing structured summaries suitable for professional documentation.

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 Keywords

Online Meeting Summarization, Speech Recognition, DeepSpeech, Large Language Models, Gemma, Natural Language Processing, Web Audio API, Artificial Intelligence.

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Raktapradar stands out as one of the most prominent gynecological dilemmas encountered by clinicians in everyday practice. It is clinically recognized by Artava Atipravrutti (excessive menstrual flow), Deerghakala Pravrutti (prolonged duration), or Anruta Kala Pravrutti (intermenstrual bleeding), severely compromising a woman's physical, systemic, and psychological well-being. Modern gynecology correlates Raktapradar closely with Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) or Menorrhagia, defined as cyclic bleeding at regular intervals that is pathologically excessive in volume or duration. Classical Ayurvedic texts offer an exhaustive analysis of Asrigdar or Raktapradar, laying down highly targeted herbal and herbo-mineral therapeutic frameworks. The current study details a single case study of a 24-year-old female presenting with severe Raktapradar, successfully managed through a conservative Ayurvedic Shaman protocol utilizing Raktasthambhak and Pitta-Vata Shamani modalities to optimize endometrial health and restore normal hematological parameters without hormonal dependency.

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Raktapradar, Menorrhagia, Shaman Chikitsa, Raktasthambhak.

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This study examined the effects of yogic practices and aerobic exercises on selected psychological variables among rural secondary school girls. Ninety girls aged 13 to 16 years from a rural school in Karnataka were randomly divided into three groups: a Yogic Practices Training Group, an Aerobic Exercises Training Group, and a Control Group, with 30 participants in each group. The experimental groups underwent a structured 12-week training programme, while the control group followed their normal routine activities. The psychological variables assessed were stress, anxiety, and aggression. Data were analyzed using t-tests, ANOVA, and ANCOVA at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings showed that both yogic practices and aerobic exercises produced significant improvements in psychological well-being. Yoga was found to be slightly more effective in reducing stress and anxiety, while aerobic exercise also produced meaningful benefits. The study concludes that regular participation in yoga and aerobic activity can improve the mental health of rural adolescent girls and should be encouraged in school-based physical education programmes

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Yoga, Aerobic Exercise, Stress, Anxiety, Aggression, Rural School Girls

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Shweta Pradara is one of the most frequently encountered gynecological complaints in reproductive-age women and is characterized by excessive whitish vaginal discharge with or without associated symptoms such as pruritus, irritation, burning sensation, and foul odor. Although Shweta Pradara is not described as an independent disease in the classical Ayurvedic texts, it is recognized as a symptom occurring in various Yonivyapadas resulting predominantly from Kapha Dosha vitiation. In modern gynecology, vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge, with Candida albicans accounting for the majority of infections. The increasing prevalence of antifungal resistance, recurrent infections, and adverse effects associated with prolonged use of synthetic antifungal agents has encouraged exploration of safe and effective herbal alternatives. Bilvapatra (Aegle marmelos Linn.) possesses Kashaya, Tikta, and Katu Rasa, Laghu and Ruksha Guna, Ushna Virya, and Katu Vipaka, making it suitable for alleviating Kapha and Vata predominance. Classical Ayurvedic literature and modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, antioxidant, and astringent activities of Bilvapatra. Bilvapatra Kashaya administered as Yonidhavan (vaginal douche) offers local cleansing, reduction of microbial load, restoration of vaginal health, and symptomatic relief. This review critically evaluates the Ayurvedic concepts of Shweta Pradara, correlates them with vulvovaginal candidiasis, and discusses the therapeutic role, pharmacological evidence, and probable mode of action of Bilvapatra Kashaya Yonidhavan. The review highlights its potential as a safe, economical, and promising local therapeutic modality while emphasizing the need for well-designed clinical trials to strengthen the evidence base.

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Shweta Pradara, Bilvapatra, Aegle marmelos, Yonidhavan, Vulvovaginal Candidiasis, Candida albicans, Ayurveda.

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Value education and inclusive education occupy a shared, if rarely jointly examined, place in the policy architecture of Indian school reform, yet evidence on whether teachers' grasp of one construct is empirically tied to their grasp of the other remains scarce, particularly outside the metropolitan centres that dominate the existing literature. This study addresses that gap by examining the awareness of secondary school teachers in Ahmedabad District, Gujarat, regarding value education and inclusive education, the strength of association between the two constructs, and the extent to which gender and school management type differentiate awareness. A descriptive survey design was employed with a multistage sample of 500 secondary and higher secondary teachers (240 male, 260 female; 250 government, 250 private) drawn from fifty schools spanning four administrative zones of the district. Two researcher-developed instruments, the Value Education Awareness Scale and the Inclusive Education Awareness Scale, each comprising forty Likert-type items across four conceptually distinct subscales, were administered following expert content validation and pilot testing that yielded excellent internal consistency (? = .93 and .94, respectively). Teachers reported moderate awareness of value education (M = 134.50, SD = 21.80, 67.25%) and inclusive education (M = 125.30, SD = 24.50, 62.65%). A strong, statistically significant positive correlation emerged between the two constructs, r(498) = .68, p < .001, indicating that approximately 46% of the variance in inclusive education awareness was shared with value education awareness. Independent samples t-tests revealed that female teachers reported significantly higher awareness than male teachers on both scales, and that the influence of school management type was construct-specific: private school teachers reported higher value education awareness, whereas government school teachers reported higher inclusive education awareness. These findings position teacher awareness of value and inclusive education as overlapping rather than independent professional competencies and suggest that integrated, management-type-sensitive professional development may be more efficient than parallel, single-construct training programmes. Implications for teacher education, school leadership, and policy implementation under the National Education Policy 2020 are discussed.

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 Keywords

teacher awareness; value education; inclusive education; secondary school teachers; National Education Policy 2020; Ahmedabad; gender differences; school management type

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Edu Tech Fusion represents a transformative approach in education by integrating technological innovations with pedagogical strategies to enhance learning outcomes and engagement. This fusion addresses the evolving demands of modern educational environments where technology is indispensable for facilitating customized, interactive, and effective instruction. The integration focuses on harmonizing advanced digital tools--such as artificial intelligence, learning management systems, and multimedia resources--with well-founded pedagogical principles like learner-centered instruction, active learning, and reflective teaching practices. Such a combination aims not only to improve student academic performance but also to foster critical skills, motivation, and inclusivity in diverse learning contexts. One key aspect of EduTech Fusion is the development of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) among educators to design and implement technology-enhanced learning effectively. Faculty support through instructional consultation and professional development enables the creation of pedagogical frameworks that align content expertise with digital tools, thereby promoting deeper student understanding and engagement. Moreover, the successful integration requires leadership support to champion initiatives and cultivate a culture of continuous innovation and collaboration among educators. Leadership plays a critical role in providing infrastructure, training, and policies that facilitate seamless technology integration. Research indicates that learner-centered pedagogical approaches combined with technology integration lead to active and meaningful learning experiences, which enhance knowledge retention and critical thinking skills. Additionally, the inclusion of reflective practice among educators allows for on-going evaluation and optimization of instructional strategies, ensuring adaptability to student needs and technological advancements. However, challenges such as infrastructural disparities, limited training, and resistance to change persist, necessitating strategic planning and equity-focused initiatives to bridge digital divides and support all learners. In summary, EduTech Fusion embodies a comprehensive educational paradigm that blends technology and pedagogy to redefine teaching and learning experiences. By leveraging innovative technologies in conjunction with sound educational practices and leadership facilitation, this integration holds significant potential to improve educational outcomes, foster inclusivity, and prepare learners for the demands of the digital age.

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Keywords: EduTech Fusion, Technology Integration, Pedagogical Strategies, TPACK, Learner-Centered Learning, Educational Leadership.

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UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 emphasises "Clean Water and Sanitation" for all (UNDP, 2006). One of the main objectives of SDG 6 is sustainable water usage to safeguard against water wastage around the globe. However, with limited clean drinking water resources and growing demand and consumption because of population explosion, urbanisation, and swift industrialisation, water scarcity worldwide has posed serious challenges to the availability and conservation of domestic drinking water. This crisis requires urgent behavioural interventions to address drinking water scarcity and conservation. While technology and science play a significant role, individual conservation behaviour is dependent on cognitive heuristics and biases. In addition, the combined impact of loss aversion, temporal discounting, and social norms on water conservation judgments and decision-making is worth considering. For example, framing water waste as an immediate, tangible personal loss can lead to significantly higher conservation behaviour than traditional framing that highlights delayed collective benefits. The application of theoretical understanding of prospect theory, construal level theory, social norms theory and choice theory in water sustainability and conservation can provide a practical, evidence-based framework for designing highly effective public policies and targeted campaign strategies addressing the drinking water crisis. This study utilises a systematic review of past research related to sustainable consumption and conservation of drinking water and pro-environmental behaviour, dependent on loss aversion, temporal discounting and message framing. The present study also proposes a new concept named Actionable Normative Loss Framing (ANLF), a three-pillared behavioural intervention framework to address water conservation behaviour. The study concluded that framing techniques can be effectively utilised to enhance water conservation behaviour.

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Water Sustainability, Water Conservation, Temporal Discounting, Framing Effect, Loss Aversion, Prospect Theory, Construal Level Theory, Social Norms, Message Framing, Pro-environment Behaviour, Actionable Normative Loss Framing (ANLF).

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As e-commerce and digital transactions have rapidly grown in India, the consumer marketplace has changed and simultaneously, the number of consumer disputes arising out of online transactions have increased. Such disputes are often not adequately addressed by conventional litigation, due to procedural delays, high costs and geographical barriers. Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) is an effective technology enabled mechanism that combines Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) with digital platforms to provide accessible, efficient and inexpensive dispute resolution. This article critically examines the role of ODR in improving consumer dispute resolution in India under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 and India's Digital India initiative. The study analyses the existing legal and institutional framework governing ODR, with particular emphasis on consumer disputes, adopting a doctrinal research methodology. It also looks at how online consumer grievance mechanisms and ODR platforms work, the legal and practical challenges that are critical to their implementation, and what is needed to make them more effective. The paper argues that for ODR to be a trusted and effective method of consumer justice in India's fast-growing digital economy, there is a need for a robust legal infrastructure, greater institutional support, technological availability and consumer awareness.

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 Keywords

Online Dispute Resolution (ODR), Consumer Protection, E-commerce Disputes, Digital India, Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

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