Volume 12 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Road traffic accidents are increasing rapidly in India with the increase in traffic density. An accident is the result of factors such as road defects, human errors, engineering defects of the vehicles, non-availability of pedestrian facilities, cyclist facilities, circumstantial factors such as weather conditions, visibility etc. Accidents cause death, disablement, damage to property and health, social suffering, and also general degradation of the environment. In this project study, Traffic accident analysis of selected stretch of Yavatmal district in Maharashtra state is carried out project study aims to calculate accident rate and frequency for a particular road stretch. Literature review is conducted the traffic agencies and public concentrates at the measures to reduce such accident severity in order to reduce the fatality rate. The location of high risk where crash tends to concentrate over the time are hazardous locations .The analysis of traffic signals and road safety devices present on the road using geodetic techniques. The road stretch chosen for purpose of our study is extending from Sharda chowk to Lohara square. This 5 kilometer road stretch is divided into segments of 1000 meter each, for the purpose of analysis . The calculations described in this project is based on recorded accidents and data about accidents. The information available for accidents studies is taken form local police stations in form of FIR, the data of last two years (2022-2024) is extracted form FIR records. The type of data extracted is like location of accidents and fatalities in the selected stretch. We have calculated accident rate and accident frequency by using methods. Monthly variation, hourly variation of accident rate on the road and vehicle. Road safety awareness should be raise among users to reduce accidents.

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 Keywords

Accident anaylsis, FIR

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 Abstract

Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard emerges as an insightful reinterpretation of Jameson's enduring assertion that "all third world literature is national allegory." The novel exemplifies how localized literature from the Global South functions allegorically as global literature, dramatizing the impact of multinational capitalism on rural and semi-urban spaces. Desai introduces themes of capitalism, exploitation, and globalization through her characters' actions, rendering the narrative an allegory of the extensive modernization projects that swept the nation and their repercussions on rural India. This paper engages with the theories of David Damrosch, Franco Moretti, and Pascale Casanova to delineate features of World Literature, incorporating aspects of ecocriticism to interpret the novel and its events as a national allegory.

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 Keywords

World Literature, Allegory, Ecocriticism

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The malwares being designed by attackers are polymorphic and metamorphic which have the ability to change their code as they propagate. moreover, the diversity and volume of their variants severely undermine the effectiveness of traditional defences which typically use signature-based techniques and are unable to detect the previously unknown malicious executables. The threats malware pose to the people around the world are increase rapidly. A software that sneaks to your computer system without your knowledge with a harmful intent to disrupt your computer operations. Due to the vast number of malwares, it is impossible to handle malware by human engineers. Therefore, security researchers are taking great efforts to develop accurate and effective techniques to detect malware. Studies suggest that the impact of malware is getting worse. Two types of malware analysis are described here. One is Static Malware Analysis and other is Dynamic Malware Analysis. Static Malware Analysis has some limitations. So, Dynamic Malware Analysis is preferable for Malware Analysis.

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 Keywords

Malware, Static Malware Analysis, Dynamic Malware Analysis, malicious, malware detection method.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper reviews the software-defined radio (SDR) technology in the Communication platform where this technology is widely used to modify, and reconfigure the system and new adaptions in the current technology. SDR is a type of radio communication that uses software to perform previously executed parts on traditional hardware. SDR has applications from telecommunications to the military and has evolved over the last three decades. SDR systems are useful for digital and analog wireless communications, wideband networks and emergency radio. A radio transceiver, software, and a computer are the main components of SDR systems. SDR technology will continue to evolve and dominate the technological market as the industry progresses toward the latest versions of SDR, such as cognitive and intelligent radios.

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 Keywords

Communication system, Modulation, Radio communication.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cervicitis, inflammation of the cervix, presents a significant health problem worldwide, affecting women of reproductive age. This article provides a comprehensive overview of cervicitis, encompassing its etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies. Infectious agents, particularly sexually transmitted pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and herpes simplex virus, are major contributors to cervicitis. Non-infectious causes, including mechanical trauma, chemical irritants, and allergic reactions, also play a role. Symptoms of cervicitis vary widely, ranging from asymptomatic to vaginal discharge, bleeding, dyspareunia, and pelvic pain. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of patient history, physical examination, laboratory testing, and cervical cytology. Timely identification and management of cervicitis are crucial to prevent complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Treatment strategies focus on addressing the underlying cause, along with homeopathic medicines and lifestyle modification.

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 Keywords

Cervicitis, Causes, Complications,Homoeopathy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The development and implementation of a Raspberry Pi-based automated fruit sorting machine utilizing advanced computer vision techniques. The primary objective of this project is to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of fruit sorting processes in agricultural industries. The system leverages a Raspberry Pi microcontroller integrated with a high-resolution camera to capture images of fruits as they pass along a conveyor belt. Using machine learning algorithms, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the system analyzes the images to classify and sort fruits based on predefined criteria such as size, color, and surface defects. The sorted fruits are then directed into appropriate bins by an actuator mechanism controlled by the Raspberry Pi. Extensive testing of the system demonstrated high accuracy rates in fruit classification and sorting, proving the efficacy and potential for large-scale application in the agricultural sector. This innovative approach significantly reduces manual labor, enhances productivity, and ensures consistent quality in fruit sorting operations.

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 Keywords

Raspberry Pi, Auto Fruit Sorting, Computer Vision, Machine Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs)

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Many public funded social welfare schemes in India are suffering from implementation of problems. Most of these problems can be traced that missing or broken information flows and accountability loops. First, beneficiaries are often not aware about the schemes and the rules and regulations governing the schemes and the government officers do not have any direct medium to obtain feedback on the schemes from the beneficiaries. Secondly, beneficiaries are not able to take the access scheme related to the data due to an Internet access and literacy challenge because the data is often posted on the web-based MIS systems. Thirdly, when the entitlements are rejected there access is not effective avenue to redress grievances as most grievances filed on the government run helplines to go unresolved or the resolutions are ineffective. In this research paper we are addressing the questions of how to argument the grievance redressal systems to improvement their uptake and effectiveness; how can low- literacy users access their information on web-MIS platform and reports discrepancy in data; and how can government officers directly obtain the feedback on the implementation of the schemes from the beneficiaries. We have designed model grievance redressal which are connected to people of government officers through an IVR (Interactive Voice Response) System.

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 Keywords

IVRS, Schemes , MIS system and more

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Creating appropriate reading and listening materials is crucial in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, particularly for assessment purposes. Readability tools are a potential solution to know text difficulty by providing the quantitative measures of text complexity. This study compares the efficacy of six widely-used readability tools--Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning Fog Index, SMOG Index, Coleman-Liau Index, and the Automated Readability Index--in assessing the readability of texts designed for EFL assessments. A set of exam texts from a higher education institution in Oman was analyzed using these tools. Results were compared to identify discrepancies and determine the reliability of each tool. Findings show some variations among the tools' readability scores, highlighting the challenges of relying on a single tool for accurate readability assessment in EFL contexts. The study provides practical recommendations for educators and test developers to ensure the appropriateness of reading materials based on multiple readability metrics, enhancing the alignment between text difficulty and learners' capabilities.

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 Keywords

readability tools, EFL assessment, text difficulty, language education, Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog Index, SMOG Index, Coleman-Liau, Automated Readability Index, test writers, material developers, higher education institutions in Oman

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ABSTRACT Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is an eating disorder characterized by consuming food after dinner and during nighttime awakenings. Initially identified by Wolff, Stunkard, and Grace in patients undergoing weight loss treatment, NES is marked by consuming 25% or more of daily calories at night--a time when those without obesity typically do not eat. NES diagnosis requires at least three of the following symptoms: a strong desire to eat between dinner and bedtime, lack of appetite in the morning or at night, difficulty falling or staying asleep, a depressed mood, worsening mood in the evening, and the belief that one cannot fall asleep without eating.This study aimed to assess the association of NES with sleep quality, dietary habits, and circadian rhythm among adults aged 18-25 years. Data was collected using snowball sampling. Demographic information, anthropometric measurements, and validated tools including the Night Eating Diagnostic Questionnaire (NEDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), and Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire were used.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mumbai with 97 male and 103 female participants aged 18-25 years. The majority (53%) of participants were categorized as not having NES (Non-NE), while 45.5% had a moderate tendency to eat at night (N). Only a small percentage (1.5%) were classified as having NES. Significant associations were found between PSQI and NEQ (p=0.036), as well as between MEQ and NEQ (p=0.030).The semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire measured the frequency of consumption of various foods, and the mean amount was calculated. No statistical significance was observed in the frequency of food consumption among different genders. Participants' diets included most food groups, and they maintained a normal meal schedule.This study revealed important connections between NES, sleep quality, and individuals' preferred sleep-wake patterns (chronotype) among young adults and their association with dietary intake. Despite the relatively low prevalence of NES, its significant relationship with sleep quality, chronotype, and dietary intake underscores the need to consider these factors when addressing and managing night eating behaviors. Understanding these associations can help develop targeted interventions for improving sleep and dietary habits in young adults prone to NES.

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 Keywords

Night Eating Syndrome, Sleep Quality, Circadian Rhythm, Dietary Habits, Young Adults

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Secondary metabolites in plants, particularly phenolic compounds, serve as intrinsic chemical barriers against herbivores and pathogens. This study investigates the influence of total phenolic compounds on the nutritional indices of Spodoptera litura larvae at different developmental stages. Leaves from five host plants (Ricinus communis, Colocasia esculenta, Carica papaya, Musa acuminata, and Ipomoea batatas) were analyzed for their total phenolic content using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Significant differences in phenolic content were observed, with R. communis having the highest content. The phenolic compounds affected the larvae's growth and consumption rates, indicating their crucial role in plant-insect interactions.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Spodoptera litura, phenolic content,Host plants,nutritional indices

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition