Volume 12 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a chronic progressive, degenerative disorder characterized by cartilage loss. It is more prevalent disease in our society. It results in cystic degeneration of bone surrounding and narrowing of joint space. Worldwide osteoarthritis is estimated to be the fourth leading cause of disability in which 10% are males and 13% are females. Patella taping was initially developed to create a mechanical medial shift to the patella, thereby centralizing it and improving patellar tracking. Muscle strengthening and aerobic exercise are effective in reducing pain and improving physical function in patients with mild to moderate OA of the knee. The aim of study compare the effectiveness of medial shift taping of patella along with ultrasound and strengthening exercises with ultrasound and strengthening exercises. Methodology: It is an experimental study of pre-test and post-test. The sampling method is Purposive random sampling and sample size is 60. These subjects with knee osteoarthritis were included and randomly assigned into 2 groups. Group - A received medial shift patella taping with ultrasound and strengthening exercise. Group B received ultrasound and strengthening exercises alone. Medial taping of patella is applied for 4 days with 3 days of rest in between. Outcome measures used are NPRS and WOMAC scale. Results: In this study, 60 patients between the age group of 50-60 years, with a history of arthritis ranging in duration from 6 months to 2 years were taken. The sample consisted of 17 females and 13 males with all subjects having unilateral symptoms. The pre-and post-test values were statistically tested using t test for their level of significance. The results in this study showed a statistically significant improvement in the taping group (p = <0.005) with 38-40% of pain reduction. Also the pain reduction in this study remained even after 3 weeks after discontinuing the therapy, thus having a carryover effect. In our study, the percentage reduction in pain was greater, that is 49.53%. Conclusion: The result showed that the experimental group was better than the control group in reduction of pain and gaining improvement in functional ability.

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Key words: Osteoarthritis, Medial Patella taping, NPRS and WOMAC scale

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This paper presents a theoretical analysis about how Keeping sensitive data and vital infrastructure safe from evolving cyber threats is becoming a challenge for traditional cybersecurity methods. Blockchain technology is emerging as a promising solution to enhance cyber defense capabilities in response to this changing landscape. This study explores how blockchain technology can enhance cybersecurity measures, particularly in areas such as data integrity, authentication, and decentralized consensus processes. By providing an immutable and transparent ledger, blockchain offers an innovative way to protect digital assets and mitigate the risks of data tampering and unauthorized access.Moreover, decentralized applications and smart contracts built on blockchain platforms present new ways to automate security processes and enhance the strength of cybersecurity systems. This research offers an understanding of the potential benefits, challenges, and future prospects of integrating blockchain technology into cybersecurity strategies through a thorough examination of existing literature and case studies. Blockchain could revolutionize the defense against the ever-evolving threat landscape in the digital era by fostering increased trust, transparency, and resilience in digital environments.

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Blockchain security, Decentralized security, Cybersecurity ledger, Secure data storage, Distributed ledger technology (DLT) for cyber defense

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Mosquitoes can transmit various diseases including malaria, filariasis, yellow fever, and dengue. However, resistance to synthetic chemicals has been increasing, so scientists are exploring the use of plant extracts as alternative sources for mosquito control agents. In this study, four different plant extracts - Calotropis, Lemongrass, Mint, and Marigold - were tested as potential larvicides against Culex pipiens. These plant extracts were applied to 4th instar mosquito larvae at different concentrations of 3ml, 6ml, and 9ml, with a control group as well, and the mortality rate was recorded after 24, 48, and 72 hours. The effectiveness of the plant extracts was determined by calculating the percentage of mortality. Calotropis resulted in 100% mortality, while mint resulted in 98% mortality after 72 hours of application.

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plant extract, potency, Culex pipiens, insecticides, repellent.

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This paper delves into the intersection of gender, literature, and societal norms in New England Puritanism. Despite the patriarchal structure and restrictive social norms of her time, Anne Bradstreet emerged as a pioneering female poet. The Puritan authorities promoted a life of purity and devotion, discouraging imagination and emotion, and viewed personal autonomy, especially among women, with suspicion. Bradstreet's achievements are particularly remarkable given the era's disdain for women's intellectual capabilities and their restricted access to education. This exploration highlights Bradstreet's struggle against cultural biases that relegated women to domestic roles and denied them intellectual freedom. Her works faced criticism and accusations of plagiarism, reflecting the broader societal condemnation of female writers. Through her perseverance, Bradstreet not only carved out a space for her voice but also challenged the prevailing notions of women's intellectual inferiority. This sociological analysis underscores Bradstreet's contributions to literature and her defiance of the gender norms that sought to silence her.

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New England Puritanism, Female writers, Anne Bradstreet, Gender biases

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Effectual Communication with colleagues, employers and mostly patients is a basic requirement persons in medical field. Learning Communication skills will help medical persons to achieve success when working in a team, gain confidence and also help develop good connection with associated persons. Proper planning and good communication skill is required when working in critical care. Learning and practicing these skills leads to major success in ones career. In medical care there is no room for errors, so proper conversation and communication is a routine. Patient care needs a very effective communication. Well defined and useful communication skills training for healthcare providers is very much required in medical education. Doctors should be able to use all communication mediums like phone conversation, via e-mails, one to one conversation, attend meetings and conferences and also deliver verbal and written information. Doctors have to communicate with patients, their families, referring physicians, office staff and also maybe their heads and team members. So Doctors need to handle differing or challenging perspectives.

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Effectual communication, communication skill, critical care, challenging perspectives

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The dynamics of material flow within Indian industries are undergoing transformative changes, driven by technological advancements, regulatory shifts, and evolving consumer demands. This abstract offers insights into the evolving landscape of material flow management in Indian industries, with a focus on key trends and developments anticipated in 2024. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of resilience and risk management in supply chain operations. Indian industries are re-evaluating their supply chain strategies, diversifying sourcing channels, and investing in contingency planning to reduce the risks and disruptions to enhance supply chain resilience. In conclusion, the dynamics of material flow in Indian industries are ready for significant evolution in 2024, driven by technological innovation, regulatory imperatives, and shifting consumer expectations. By accepting these trends and emerging technologies, Indian industries can navigate the complexity on the modern supply chain landscape and drive sustainable growth in the years ahead.

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Supply chain, Consumer behavior, Materials management, Strategies

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Jal Jivan Mishan (Gramin) Ke Samajik-Aarthik Prabhav Ka Adhayan

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Jal Jivan Mishan (Gramin) Ke Samajik-Aarthik Prabhav Ka Adhayan

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The idea of borders and their unsaid counterparts, home and identity, have a fundamental position in diasporic discourse and act as a thread that unites it. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni explores this issue in her book "Before We Visit The Goddess" This research would be active in order to challenge and transcend these boundaries and also analyses the impact that it possess on search for identity. The novel-in-stories to look for a home that, while it may not be permanent in its physical form, is one that aims to anchor the intellect and free the person from the constraints it paradoxically become personal restrictions after previously just existing as societal ones.

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Identity, challenge, intellect

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An android application has been designed in order to easily see the patient's information by their doctors and family members. The objective of this proposed approach is to design an automated wireless health monitoring system. The aim is to monitor the patient's body temperature which should be displayed to the doctor using RPM (Remote Patient Monitoring) technology. In hospitals, the health of patients is monitored by hospital staff members and patient relatives. The patient's body temperature are continuously checked and recorded on smart mobile phone.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition