Volume 10 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Establishing a solid theoretical foundation for structured deep neural networks is greatly desired due to the successful applications of deep learning in various practical domains. This paper aims at an approximation theory of deep convolutional neural networks whose structures are induced by convolutions.The difficulty in theoretical analysis of the networks with linearly increasing widths arising from convolutions can be overcome by introducing a downsampling operator to reduce the widths. As we prove that the downsampled deep convolutional neural networks can be used to approximate ridge functions nicely, which also hints some advantages of these structured networks in terms of approximation or modeling. We also prove that the output of any multi-layer fully-connected neural network can acquire by that of a downsampled deep convolutional neural network with free parameters of the same order, which in general, the approximation ability of deep convolutional neural networks is at least as good as that of fully-connected neural networks. Finally, a theorem for approximating functions on Riemannian manifolds is unveiled, which reveals that deep convolutional neural networks can be used to learn manifold features of data.

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 Keywords

Classifier, convolutional neural networks (CNN), radiographic images, transfer learning, weld defect detection

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The earnest desire of an individual to be treated as equal with dignity needs no separate reiteration. Since time immemorial, there has been the depiction in numerous historiographical records of the attempts made by so called victimised individuals to assert their individuality in the society. At the heart of such attempts lies the concern of individuals to lead their loves without facing the wrath of subjugation. Novels and other critical writings have been the documentary records of female marginalisation to a great extent. However, with the advent of different waves related to the critical movement of feminism, it can well be said that there is the growing consciousness regarding the establishment of equality between both the males and the females. Numerous writers, today, have come up with notable fictions which showcase the urge of female characters to lead a life of dignity thereby validating their identity in the society. Gods, Grave and Grandmother by the notable Indian English writer, Namita Gokhale is one of the scintillating tales of the establishment of a stable identity by the leading female protagonist. Through the portrayal of the character of Gudiya, Gokhale makes it very clear that the women of the contemporary Indian culture are no longer submissive, and they are equally bold and determined with regards to their subjective positions. This paper humbly attempts at portraying the self-created pathway of Gudiya leading to her firm identity in the novel. The nature of this research is purely qualitative, and it focusses on the comprehension of the layers of meanings embedded within the text.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

consciousness, dignity, female, identity, text

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The novel coronavirus which was first seen in Wuhan, China has created havoc across the world. Its rapid spreading and the virulent outbreak have created a state of emergency in the world. From a public fitness standpoint, COVID-19 is a sickness of top significance, and it has become vital to barricade the virus from spreading with preventive measures like maintaining social distance and wearing a mask. This paper mainly aims to develop a system that helps monitor if people are maintaining social distancing and also detects face masks on humans. This paper makes use of the Tiny-YOLO algorithm on Raspberry Pi for real-time object detection. Although the YOLO object detector is widely regarded as one of the quickest deep learning-based object detectors, with a high Fames Per Second, it is still too slow to run on embedded devices like the Raspberry Pi. Hence, this paper uses tiny YOLO which has a small model size (< 50MB) and rapid inference speed, making it applicable for embedded deep learning devices. We could additionally be displaying the count of human beings found in a room on an LCD. Overall, this paper facilitates lessening the range of COVID-19 sufferers and makes public locations safer.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

COVID-19, Mask detection, Social Distancing, YOLO, Raspberry Pi.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

teacher recruitment, selection, and placement, learning metrics, Filipino learners

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Mobility for blind and elderly people is a problem as they have to face many difficulties in their day to day life. Most commonly, stick is use by blind and elderly people as a support for their body to stand and walk. The most common disadvantage of walking stick is user should have to be in close proximity of obstacle so that he can sense the location of obstacle to avoid bumping while waggling. We proposed a new concept of walking stick which is helpful for both blinds and elderly people to move in unfamiliar environment and monitor their medical condition. In this methodology we have used different sensors mounted on a walking stick which will help a user to navigate easily indoor and outdoor along with monitoring their health. Unlike other electronic blind stick which were helpful in detecting obstacle and alert user we designed a stick having multiple feature embedded in a single stick. This stick used for detecting obstacle, pit, water on ground to some level, location of user, body temperature measurement of user and alert another person by sending message about the health issue of user or some other emergency.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

WHO, smart walking stick & GSM modules

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Self Help Group has a positive impact in social, political, economic and educational sphere. It is playing a vital role in developing rural areas and rural people. SHG also pay a way for obtaining a method for raising money, skill development, ending social isolation; give a feeling of personal relation, social intimacy, social confidence etc. Self Help Group is an effective strategy for the empowerment of woman in rural as well as urban areas bringing woman together from all sphere. The selected location was Ranka, East Sikkim located 16 km away from Gangtok. The study was based to focus on functioning of SHG at Phenzong, Baliman. In the survey 6 SHG namely KURSONGREEP, UJWAL, PRERNA, LOTUS, AJAMBARI and MICKEL were interviewed. All the group mainly preferred agriculture as their foremost profession due to low level of education, knowledge in agricultural production, suitable climatic condition and fertility of soil. But LOTUS also practice bakery, handloom, and vermi-compost and AJAMBARI practice poultry farming as their secondary work. The paper also tries to look upon the economic and social impact, highlight the problems persisting and suggestion and measures are also given.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Performance of Self Help Group, Performance, Women Entrepreneur.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Andragogy, English for Medical Purpose, Language Acquisition, Teaching-Learning Method

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Image is a key of digital data which is used in many studies and research work as dataset. These datasets are compromised due to distortion which is caused by the presence of noise. Occurrence of noise is found while capturing image, transmission of pictorial data over different networks, etc. Noise plays a vital role in image corruption and this noise can also exist individually with varying intensities of different noise factor or also as hybrid noise [i.e Combination of different noises]. In general, the results of denoising have a strong influence on the quality of the image processing techniques. The nature of the noise removal problem depends on the type of the noise corrupting the image. The most commonly affected noises in image are Salt and Pepper, Speckle, Gaussian and Poisson noise. To restore these degraded images, many de-noising algorithm has been developed and one among them are filtering techniques. In this research work, three filters are considered for denoising i.e. Weiner filter, Gaussian filter and Median filter. The current work is implemented on gray scale and colored [RGB] images and the evaluation of these algorithms is done by the measure of the PSNR and MSE values. In addition, we propose to use hybrid filter along with deep learning algorithm for denoising coloured images. The main purpose of using AlexNet is to train and classify the dataset. Successful training and classification of the dataset is based on the accuracy of training session of AlexNet and the accuracy of confusion matrix.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Image Restoration, Hybrid Noise, Hybrid Filter, Deep Learning, AlexNet

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Industries are continuously facing fierce competition and the challenge of meeting increasing demands for higher quality products at economic costs. The success of an organization is directly related to how effective its implementation of continuous improvement (CI) is. For any manufacturing system, Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma are important CI methodologies. Effective understanding of these methodologies and their relationship will provide an industry with a competitive advantage. Many industrial organizations today are using either TQM or Six Sigma as the core for their CI efforts. There is a lot of disputes on which methodology is superior, how they relate to each other, what the common grounds are and what their differences are. As such, the relationship between TQM and Six Sigma is worth further investigation. Finally, this research Lean Six Sigma is an approach which focuses on continuous improvement of processes in order to reduce the cost due to poor quality and to make improvements in results to create value for the customers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Six Sigma, SQC, TQM

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Juvenile Justice is a component of criminal law that reduces criminal liability based on the assumption that a juvenile lacks the capacity to act maliciously. The conception of juvenile justice arose from the notion that the challenges of juvenile delinquency and kids in unusual settings could not be resolved through standard criminal justice methods. India's juvenile justice system is at a critical crossroads in its history. With all of these big adjustments, there is growing worry that the system has gone from its objective of rehabilitation and reformation. This essay examines the issues that the Juvenile Justice System is facing, which are eroding its legitimacy, and proposes plausible alternatives. The author contends that, while India's current juvenile justice system can be traced back to colonial rule with many improvisations, it lacks vitality and does not address the reality of exacerbated criminal tendencies among the young. The author makes a few recommendations that will help bring about change and fulfil the expanding needs of today's world. The rate of crime in our society is soaring at a breakneck pace. While the necessary law is in place, it is at the implementation phase that the majority of things fail. There is a loud voice within society advocating for strict rules, and the time has come to address them in order to ensure greater justice and a more effective juvenile justice system.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Juvenile Justice System, Criminal law, Crime, Reformation, Rehabilitation, Reforms

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition