Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

In many conventional consumer and industrial tools such as blenders, grinders, drills, and even transportation devices like bicycles, significant energy wastage occurs due to inefficient energy transfer and storage systems. This research proposes a novel design improvement for industrial drills by integrating a flywheel-based energy transfer system. A flywheel acts as an energy reservoir, smoothing power delivery and improving efficiency by storing rotational energy from a motor and releasing it as needed. The system comprises a motor connected to a flywheel via gear or belt mechanism chosen based on traction and application requirements. The stored energy is then transmitted through a gearbox or transmission system to achieve the desired torque-speed output ratio, crucial for drilling operations. This method not only enhances energy efficiency but also reduces mechanical stress and power fluctuations, potentially increasing the lifespan and reliability of industrial drills. This paper presents a theoretical model and design framework to implement flywheel-assisted energy transfer in systems.

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 Keywords

Kinetic Energy, Bicycle, Drills Dog Clutch, Fly Wheel

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Ensuring road safety, particularly for individuals using taxis or private vehicles, is vital for fostering secure urban living. Women, in particular, face heightened risks while traveling, including harassment, inappropriate physical contact, abduction, and assault. Many users would willingly opt for a slightly longer journey if it meant enhanced personal security. However, popular navigation tools such as Google Maps, Apple Maps, and Bing Maps largely fail to incorporate safety-related parameters--such as incidents of theft, harassment, snatching, hijacking, or robbery--into their route planning algorithms. With increasing rates of urban crime, the need for targeted solutions that prioritize women's safety during commutes has become increasingly urgent. To address this challenge, our project introduces a groundbreaking Traveler Safety Solution, designed to improve the safety and experience of women commuters through the use of advanced technology. This system combines several cutting-edge tools: Google Maps API for navigation and traffic data, Yolov8 for real-time object detection, Tesseract OCR for recognizing text, and integration with RTO databases for vehicle and driver verification. Key functionalities include intelligent route selection based not just on speed but on safety data, direct communication options with drivers, automated SMS alerts containing journey specifics, and continuous real-time GPS tracking. The system uses map-matching algorithms to identify deviations from the chosen path and instantly issues emergency alerts if unexpected changes occur, notifying both the traveler and their designated emergency contacts. Post-trip, users are encouraged to rate and review drivers, helping improve service quality over time. This innovative solution not only addresses the safety issues faced by women on the move but also empowers them with critical tools for communication and situational awareness--ultimately enabling safer and more confident travel in urban spaces without plagiarism convert into unique words.

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 Keywords

Women's travel safety, Next-generation safety systems, Safe commuting solutions, Smart transportation safety, Crime-aware navigation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The rising global prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) has led to the exploration of plant-based alternatives to synthetic nootropics. Embelia ribes, traditionally known for its therapeutic benefits in Ayurvedic medicine, has recently been investigated for its memory-enhancing potential. This review summarizes the pharmacological basis and preclinical findings related to E. Ribes's cognitive effects, focusing on scopolamine-induced amnesia models in Swiss albino mice. The extract demonstrated significant improvements in behavioral assays such as the Morris Water Maze and Elevated Plus Maze, alongside biochemical evidence of acetylcholinesterase inhibition, reduced oxidative stress, and improved neuronal integrity. The bioactive compounds such as embelin, flavonoids, and polyphenols play a pivotal role in these neuroprotective effects. This review highlights the therapeutic promise of E. Ribes as a nootropic agent and advocates for further pharmacokinetic and clinical validation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Embelia ribes, nootropic, scopolamine, Alzheimer's disease, oxidative stress, acetylcholinesterase, memory enhancement, herbal neurotherapeutics

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Blockchain technology is driving a major transformation in the healthcare industry by providing a secure and decentralized framework for managing sensitive medical records. Unlike conventional systems that rely on centralized databases--often vulnerable to cyber-attacks and unauthorized alterations--blockchain operates on a distributed ledger where recorded data is immutable. This immutability significantly enhances data integrity and reduces the risk of security breaches. A key strength of blockchain in healthcare is its ability to ensure privacy. Through encryption and decentralized control, access to medical information is restricted to authorized users only. Additionally, blockchain enables efficient and secure data sharing among hospitals, clinics, and specialists, overcoming challenges posed by fragmented or inconsistent health records. This improves the speed and accuracy of patient care. Smart contracts further enhance the system by automating access permissions and updates based on predefined rules. These self-executing protocols minimize manual intervention, reduce administrative overhead, and lower the chance of human error. Most importantly, blockchain empowers patients by giving them full control over their personal health data. Patients can choose who accesses their records, fostering transparency and trust between healthcare providers and individuals. This patient-centric approach encourages active participation in healthcare decisions and supports a more collaborative care environment.

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 Keywords

Blockchain Technology, Medical Records Management, Decentralized Systems, Data Privacy, Smart Contracts, Patient-Centric Healthcare, Secure Data Sharing, Interoperability, Tamper-Proof Records, Healthcare Automation, Distributed Ledger, Access Control, Digital Health Transformation

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This text explores the innovative potential and challenges of creating personalized video advertisements using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). GANs, an AI technology, generate data resembling real-world examples through the competitive learning of two neural networks: a generator and a discriminator. This allows marketers to produce high-quality, contextual video content tailored to individual consumer preferences and behaviors. Such an approach streamlines the creative process and provides insights into consumer behavior, supporting strategic decision-making. Personalized video advertising plays a crucial role in increasing consumer engagement and building brand loyalty. Generative AI, like GANs, contributes to automating and advancing the creation of this content. By collecting and analyzing data to understand user preferences, and then integrating these into video content, the relevance and effectiveness of advertisements are maximized. However, the creation of personalized ads using GANs involves ethical issues (e.g., privacy) and technical challenges (e.g., misinformation from AI hallucinations). Therefore, this text highlights the potential of GANs alongside the need for careful approaches and ethical governance to overcome these obstacles, illuminating the broader impact of this technology on the digital marketing field

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Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Personalized Video Advertising, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Marketing

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The phenomenon of domestic violence is widely prevalent what has remained largely deceptive in public. Violence against women is very serious problem in worldwide. Violence may be in the form of domestic violence, sexual harassment, acid throwing, pre-natal sex determination etc. World's two third countries have outlawed domestic violence but in India mostly women are likely to experience physical and sexual violence by their husbands or their relatives. Main causes of domestic violence-male dominating society, lack of awareness of laws, less efforts to implement the existing laws, bureaucracy and fear. The Indian parliament enacted a bill to protect the women from domestic violence and it came into force in the year of 2005. i.e. "Protection of women from domestic violence Act, 2005." The post of protection officer was created to provide mechanism for the implementation of the Act. Any person who has reason to believe that domestic violence has taken place or is likely to take place can inform the protection officer. The primary function of the protection officer is to protect the victim from domestic violence and also serve as a liaison between the woman, police and the service provider. This paper highlights the role of protection officer in curbing domestic violence.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Domestic Violence, Cruelty, Physical, economic abuse

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The manufacturing and industrial sectors have faced numerous challenges over the decades, including the availability of skilled labor, cybersecurity issues, and plant downtime due to asset failures. The traditional non-containerized environments used for building SCADA systems are becoming less effective in recent days to solve industrial challenges as they have issues with portability, scalability, security, stability, agility, responsiveness, and resource consumption. It will also become difficult in future to provide innovative solutions to industrial customers using traditional SCADA systems that use traditional non-containerized applications. The demand for the implementation of advanced technology to optimize industrial and manufacturing plants has always been high. With the advent of Industry 4.0 (the Fourth Industrial Revolution), these challenges are being addressed through the integration of advanced technologies such as IIoT, Cloud computing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Containerization, and other digital innovations. Industry 4.0 enables the creation of smarter, more efficient solutions that enhance productivity and reduce costs, thereby ensuring business sustainability. The combination of industrial automation with Industry 4.0 technologies results in more reliable and powerful end-to-end automation solutions, allowing digital systems to make autonomous decisions and assisting workers in making faster, more informed choices. Additionally, Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality expand human capabilities to interact with machinery, providing greater control over assets. Containerization technologies such as Docker and Kubernetes further enhance the efficiency of application by enabling consistent and isolated environments for applications, ensuring seamless deployment and scalability. These advancements collectively help to overcome traditional industrial challenges faced by traditional industrial applications and drive the sector towards a more optimized and sustainable future.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

- SCADA, I4.0, Industry 4.0, Kubernetes, Docker, Containerization, Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, IIoT, Digital.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Photographic service studios have been creating their own market niches and evolving at an arena of growing demand for good quality and personalized photography. Customers' satisfaction and loyalty at Glo Colour Labs Pvt. Ltd. were analyzed. Data collected from 150 customers were tested with tests such as T-Test, ANOVA, and Chi-Square. The results show that occupation, income, and residence have a significant effect on satisfaction, while age, gender, and marital status have very little effect on satisfaction. The marital status of individuals can affect their likelihood of becoming returning customers. Recommendations include customization of service packages, making areas more accessible for rural population. These will help build more satisfaction and retention. The findings will serve Glo Colour Labs in augmenting customer-oriented strategies aimed at sustained growth and competitiveness.

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 Keywords

Customer Satisfaction, Glo Colour Labs Pvt. Ltd., Photo Studio Services, Service Quality, Customer Loyalty

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract This research analyses how to arrange and organise tiny dwellings for functionality and style. Smart designs that maximise space without being unpleasant or unsightly are needed as city living becomes tighter and more expensive. Researchers study strategies to increase storage, combine functional furnishings, and employ minimal design to keep houses organised and beautiful. The study suggests ways to build spacious, organised houses using real examples, industry data, and modern architecture. Van living works well with shelves, elevated beds, and wall-mounted storage to keep possessions off the floor. Sofas that fold into beds and dining tables that may be used as writing tables are also useful. The study also shows how harmony in design may make small spaces look bigger and more inviting. A consistent colour scheme, lighting, and cleanliness make the area feel open and harmonious. The study concluded that well-organised, fashionable compact dwellings reduce stress and improve well-being. This research shows that careful layout makes tiny apartments as functional and attractive as bigger ones. The article helps urban inhabitants, architects, and designers maximise space by suggesting ways to hang storage vertically, choose furniture that suits any arrangement, and coordinate all spaces. With these guidelines, any flat may be comfortable, functional, and attractive.

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 Keywords

Keywords: Small-space design, vertical storage, multifunctional furniture, sustainable materials, urban housing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This research is an attempt to explore the historical and philosophical complexities of state-building in Afghanistan, focusing on the enduring tension between centralising authority and the pluralistic tribal foundations of Afghan society. Rather than attributing state failure solely to weak institutions or foreign intervention, this study frames the Afghan state as a project historically constructed in friction with its societal foundations. From Ahmad Shah Abdali's confederative model, which balanced authority with tribal autonomy, to the more coercive centralisation efforts of Abdur Rahman Khan and Amanullah Khan, the Afghan state has persistently struggled to reconcile power with legitimacy. Successive regimes, whether the Marxist government's revolutionary reforms or the Taliban's rigid theocracy sought to overwrite local authority with ideologically driven state models. In doing so, they generated resistance not only because of their policies but because of their detachment from indigenous forms of governance, identity, and consent. These recurring failures raise a fundamental question at the heart of this research. The objective is to explore why centralised state-building in Afghanistan has remained historically unsustainable, arguing that durable political order cannot be forged in abstraction from the moral and social worlds of its people. By drawing on political theory and historical analysis, the research examines the broader assumptions behind modern statecraft, particularly the idea that sovereignty must be singular, top-down, and culturally neutral. It suggests, instead, that a more viable Afghan state could emerge from dialogical engagement with traditional structures and societal pluralism. In doing so, the research contributes to broader debates on postcolonial governance, legitimacy, and the ethics of political reconstruction in fractured societies.

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 Keywords

Tribe, State, confederative model, Centralisation, Fragmentation,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition