Volume 13 | Issue 6 |

 Abstract

Introduction: Endometrial hyperplasia is a uterine pathology in which proliferation of endometrial glands with a resulting increase in gland to stroma ratio and represents a precursor to the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, endometrial cancer. It can be estimated that up to 10% of women at the age of menopause may exhibit asymptomatic endometrial hyperplasia. The incidence of endometrial hyperplasia increases with age, and the peak incidence is in the early 50s. The most common presentation of endometrial hyperplasia is abnormal uterine bleeding, often in the form of heavy menstrual bleeding. Asrigdara is a condition in which excessive, prolonged or intermenstrual bleeding per vagina are the main symptoms. Case Presentation: The patient in this case had complaint of Prolonged heavy menses (4-5 pads/day) since 20 days. After not achieving satisfactory results with other treatment, she came for Ayurvedic management in OPD of PTSR at ITRA, Jamnagar. Management and Outcome: She was managed with oral medications including Aragwadhadi kashaya, Katuki churna and Kaishora guggulu showed significant relief in symptoms. Following this protocol, the patient has Second menstrual cycle after treatment was regular, in normal quantity and without clots. Her ET has also come to normal thickness in USG.

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Key words: Ayurveda, Endometrial hyperplasia, Asrigdara, Aragwadhadi kashaya, Katuki churna, Kaishora guggulu

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Authentic experiences have been a driving force in shaping global tourism, taking travelers to remote and culturally rich destinations. Similarly, in the Indian context, we see that rural eco-tourism circuits are attracting more tourists. However, this ongoing trend presents us with a problem: tourists seeking untouched, pristine cultural landscapes often generate plastic waste that contributes to its degradation. The paper investigates the connection between a tourist's search for authenticity and plastic waste, especially in more ecologically fragile 'offbeat destinations,' which lack an infrastructure for the management and disposal of waste generated from increased footfall. This paper draws upon the theoretical frameworks of authenticity in the context of tourism and is grounded in secondary data from policy reports and case studies. The study identifies rising plastic waste as a key externality of offbeat tourism and argues that if authenticity is to remain a viable pillar of tourism, plastic waste management must be a priority in local governance, policy planning, and individual travel behaviour.

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Authenticity, SDG, SLW, Tourism, Environment

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In the rapidly evolving digital economy, the intersection of corporate governance and digital fraud has emerged as a pressing concern in India. As corporations increasingly adopt digital tools for financial transactions, data storage, and stakeholder communication, the risks of cyber-enabled frauds--including data breaches, insider manipulation, phishing, and financial misreporting--have grown exponentially. While corporate governance frameworks are designed to ensure accountability, transparency, and ethical business conduct, their effectiveness in detecting and preventing digital fraud remains inconsistent. This study provides a critical legal analysis of the existing regulatory mechanisms addressing digital fraud in the corporate sector and identifies enforcement gaps that undermine the resilience of India's corporate governance regime. The paper examines key statutes such as the Companies Act, 2013, the Information Technology Act, 2000, the SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, and RBI guidelines, assessing their scope, overlaps, and limitations in curbing digital misconduct. It also explores the role of corporate boards, audit committees, compliance officers, and cybersecurity protocols in fostering a fraud-resistant corporate environment. Through the analysis of landmark cases and regulatory actions, the study highlights loopholes in internal control mechanisms, delayed responses to digital breaches, and inadequate penalties for non-compliance. Furthermore, the research explores comparative global practices, emphasizing the need for proactive governance strategies, real-time monitoring systems, and enhanced regulatory coordination between SEBI, RBI, CERT-In, and other enforcement bodies. It also stresses the importance of digital literacy and corporate accountability in addressing the behavioral and systemic dimensions of digital fraud. The study concludes that while India has made notable strides in corporate governance reform, the regulatory response to digital fraud remains fragmented and reactive. Strengthening enforcement mechanisms, integrating digital risk management within governance frameworks, and fostering a culture of ethical technology use are crucial for safeguarding corporate integrity and investor confidence in the digital age.

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Corporate governance, digital fraud, SEBI, corporate liability, compliance mechanisms.

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This research paper critically examines the nature, prevalence, and regulatory treatment of anti-competitive agreements in India, focusing on their implications for market competition, consumer welfare, and broader economic development. It begins by tracing the evolution of competition regulation from the Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices Act, 1969 to the more modern and dynamic Competition Act, 2002. Emphasis is placed on the comprehensive framework instituted under Section 3 of the Act, which prohibits agreements that have or are likely to have an appreciable adverse effect on competition (AAEC). Through a rigorous analysis of horizontal and vertical agreements, the study evaluates the institutional role of the Competition Commission of India (CCI), as well as the interpretative functions performed by the judiciary, including the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) and the Supreme Court. The research combines doctrinal analysis with sector-specific case studies, highlighting enforcement patterns in traditional sectors such as cement and pharmaceuticals and examining emerging challenges in digital markets including algorithmic collusion. International jurisprudence, particularly from the EU and US, is used for comparative insights. The paper concludes with substantive policy and enforcement recommendations aimed at improving legal clarity, enhancing institutional capacity, and promoting economic efficiency. Ultimately, it underscores the need for a recalibrated and proactive regulatory approach to protect market integrity in a rapidly evolving economic landscape.

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Anti-competitive agreements, Competition Act, CCI, cartel, digital markets, enforcement, India, competition law.

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This study explores the various factors influencing job satisfaction among migrant workers in Coimbatore City, a region known for its industrial and economic growth. Migrant workers are vital contributors to sectors such as manufacturing, construction, and domestic work, yet they often face multiple challenges including low wages, long working hours, limited access to benefits, and inadequate living conditions. The research aims to identify the demographic, economic, and social determinants that affect their job satisfaction. A structured questionnaire was administered to 120 respondents using convenience sampling, and data was analyzed using percentage and Likert scale methods. Findings reveal that low salary, housing challenges, and long working hours are the most pressing issues affecting satisfaction. However, many workers also reported satisfaction with job security and living with family. The study concludes that improving wages, providing adequate housing and healthcare, and ensuring legal protections can significantly enhance job satisfaction and overall well-being of migrant workers. Recommendations have been made to guide employers and policymakers in creating more inclusive and supportive work environments.

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Job Satisfaction, Work Environment, Living Conditions, Living Conditions, Job Security.

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Soft-story construction is frequently used in high-rise or multi-story buildings due to architectural considerations that produce story height differences. These give the building structures irregularities in stiffness, which lessens the stiffness of the lateral load-resisting system. A sudden decrease in stiffness concentrates more stress at the stiffness-reduced story columns, making the columns incapable of providing sufficient resistance during an earthquake. Given the aforementioned considerations, the impact of soft stories on the building's seismic performance must be taken into account while evaluating and designing the structural building frames. This study's primary goal is to use numerical models based on finite element principles to investigate the seismic performance of stiffness irregular buildings caused by a large story height difference on RC structures. G+10 and G+20 are the basis case structures for these two regular buildings, while instances representing irregular structures are defined by altering the base case's vertical distribution stiffness. By extending the base case's ground and second floors' height by 200%, the stiffness irregularity is produced. Consequently, ETABS 2021.2.1 (CSI ETABS 2022, Integrated Building Design Software, Computers and Structures Inc. Berkeley) is used to study and design various model scenarios of RC buildings. According to the new Ethiopian Buildings Code Standards (ES EN: 2015), the suggested building model examples were analyzed and designed using the traditional design methodology. The numerical model on SeismoStruct is then based on the design outputs of the primary structural elements [SeismoSoft, 2016]. The response in terms of basic periods, base shear-top displacement, interstory drift, lateral displacements, and fragility curve at various performance levels is obtained by pushover and nonlinear dynamic studies. As the number of soft stories and the number of stories or building height increase, the effect of stiffness irregularity on the fundamental period becomes more significant. In all cases, the story drifts demands increase in the soft story and decrease in most other stories, and the drift of most floors is greater than the low able drift according to the seismic base shear for stiffness regular buildings are greater than the stiffness irregular ones. Lastly, the probability of failure for each limit state capacities of stiffness irregular building models is greater than stiffness regular buildings models in all cases.

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soft-story, fragility curves, pushover and limit state capacities

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This article examines the intersection between meditation practices and connection with the natural environment, exploring how nature-based contemplative practices contribute to psychological well-being, environmental awareness, and spiritual development. Through a comprehensive review of empirical research and theoretical frameworks, this study investigates the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic benefits of outdoor meditation, forest bathing, and wilderness-based mindfulness practices. The findings suggest that combining meditation with natural environments creates synergistic effects that enhance stress reduction, emotional regulation, and ecological consciousness. The article proposes a theoretical model for understanding nature-meditation interactions and discusses implications for therapeutic interventions, environmental education, and sustainable living practices.

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meditation, nature connection, mindfulness, environmental psychology, forest bathing, ecotherapy

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Self-healing concrete has established its effectiveness in repairing cracks, ultimately leading to improved durability. Additionally, there is a need to ensure that other crucial mechanical properties, particularly the strength of the intact (uncracked) material, remain uncompromised. When microorganisms are used, calcium carbonate precipitates in concrete. This precipitation will occur naturally as a consequence of biological activity and will be pollution-free. Despite CaCO3 precipitation being the primary component of the bacterial reaction product responsible for healing cracks and enhancing concrete strength, leveraging the effect of bacteria on concrete's mechanical properties could be subjective. This project reviews the impact of bacteria on mechanical properties, with a focus on the control (intact) strength of concrete and mortar under various conditions, with cementitious material replacement. In this project Bactaheal-PR is used as the bacteria in the concrete which helps in healing of the cracks in the concrete. In addition to the bacteria the cement is partially replaced with the fly ash which gives strength to the concrete. First the concrete is mixed without bacteria with the partial replacement of the cement with fly ash at various percentages of 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 30% and 40% and after curing takes place for 7, 28 days, the specimens are tested for compressive strength. Then the bacteria is added to the concrete of 0.25%, 0.5% with the partial replacement of cement with fly ash for the percentages of 12%, 30%, 40% and again the compressive strength test is carried out.The results show that comparing to the normal concrete the highest compressive strength is attained at 12% partial replacement of cement with fly ash without addition of bacteria. The optimum compressive strength is achieved at 12% partial replacement of cement with fly ash and with addition of 0.5% Bactaheal-PR bacteria. While comparing the concrete without bacteria the compressive strength is higher for the concrete with the addition of the bacteria. Comparing to the strength of the uncracked cubes the highest strength is attained by the crack healed cubes.

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Cement, FineAggregate, CoarseAggregate, FlyAsh, Water, Bacterial species (Bactaheal - PR).

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BHARATIYA GYAAN PARAMPARA (IKS) AUR ISAKI UPAADEYATA: EK ADHYAYAN

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BHARATIYA GYAAN PARAMPARA (IKS) AUR ISAKI UPAADEYATA: EK ADHYAYAN

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AgroBuddy, the paper presents an integrated framework using ML and DL to change agricultural decision-making completely. AgroBuddy is the result of three modules designed to tackle problems such as crop selection, soil nutrient management and plant disease detection, namely (a) Crop Recommendation, which gives the best crops depending on the soil and the climate, (b) Fertilizer Suggestion, offering the best fertilizing recommendations for improving soil nutrition and (c) Plant Disease Prediction, which utilizes CNN-based image analysis of plants to detect early signs of disease and make treatment recommendations. The algorithms used are Random Forest, XGBoost, and ResNet, and the data is processed based on soil properties, weather conditions, and crop health datasets. AgroBuddy was essentially designed to empower farmers with data-driven insights for improving productivity and sustainability while building resilience against climate & market volatility. The disease prediction model is experimented with and demonstrates very high accuracy across all modules with up to 99 % efficacy. The platform's technical, economic and operational analysis validates its feasibility to transform the traditional farming practice in India and beyond.

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Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Precision Agriculture, Crop Recommendation, Fertilizer Optimization, Plant Disease Detection, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Sustainable Farming, AgroBuddy and Data Driven Agriculture.

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