Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Universal ID cards play a crucial role in validating an individual's identity and personal credentials, serving as a gateway to essential services such as education, employment, healthcare, banking, and government welfare schemes. However, traditional identity issuance and verification mechanisms are increasingly vulnerable to forgery, data tampering, and unauthorized duplication. Legacy identity management systems are often inefficient, costly, and bureaucratic, making it difficult to prevent identity fraud and ensure real-time verification. These limitations lead to delays in authentication processes, as data must be exchanged between multiple authorities and service providers, requiring significant manual effort to confirm authenticity. To address these challenges, this project proposes a secure and efficient digital identity management framework for Universal ID cards using Blockchain Technology and Capsule Siamese Networks. Identity records are stored with pre-hashes on the blockchain to guarantee data integrity and immutability. The ID holder generates a one-time symmetric encryption key to securely transmit identity information to verifiers, preventing unauthorized access and data leakage. The blockchain's pre-hashing mechanism enables rapid detection of tampering, while Capsule Siamese Networks are employed to detect and localize forged or manipulated identity content within digital ID documents, further strengthening the verification process. By integrating blockchain, cryptographic security, and advanced deep learning techniques, the proposed system delivers a robust, transparent, and scalable solution for universal digital identity management. This approach significantly enhances the security, efficiency, and reliability of identity verification, overcomes the limitations of conventional systems, and minimizes the risk of identity fraud in modern digital ecosystems.

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 Keywords

Universal ID Card,Identity Verification,Fraud Detection,Blockchain Technology,Artificial Intelligence (AI),Capsule Siamese Networks,Digital Identity Management,Data Integrity,Cryptographic Security

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Primary gastric lymphomas (PGLs) are uncommon tumors, accounting for about 5% of all gastric malignancies.The majority (>95%) are Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), arising from lymphoid tissue of the stomach.PGL represents a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders with varied histological subtypes. It is the second most common gastric malignancy worldwide after gastric adenocarcinoma. CASE REPORT Here we present a case of 48-year-old female patient with complaints of nausea, vomiting, weight loss & abdominal pain for 2 months. Upper GI endoscopy showed an ulcerative lesion involving the pre-pyloric region & lesser curvature, which was further confirmed by CECT abdomen. The biopsy report showed a poorly differentiated neoplasm. CONCLUSION Primary gastric NHLs are not very frequent but still not very rare. The diagnosis of gastric lymphoma can be delayed for many years due to the presence of nonspecific symptoms. Early diagnosis and histopathological subtyping have a significant impact on the prognosis and management of the patient.

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 Keywords

Primary gastric lymphomas, Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, Immunohistochemistry, Gastrointestinal

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The Himalayas are one of one of the largest mountain ecosystems on the planet as well as their ecosystem is dependent on the altitude, climate, as well as topography (Shrestha et al., 2012). Rhododendrons play a significant role in these ecosystems due to their ability to help to maintain forest structure the stability of soils, cycling of nutrients and habitat for wildlife (Xu et al., 2019, 2019; Pandey et al., 2019). The study investigated what the distribution vertically of species from Rhododendron on the Chopta-Tungnath trekking route within the Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttarakhand during a spring-time survey that was conducted between March 26 and 2025. The study examined the notion that Rhododendron species exhibit vertical segregation at higher altitudes, instead of being equally distributed throughout the slope of the mountain. The field observations were conducted from Sari village, which is located at around 2000m up and Chopta (2200 m) to Tungnath route at about 3200 m in a single trekking survey. The species were identified by ocular estimation as well as visual field observation. The results revealed an apparent pattern of altitudinal variation. In such respect trees were prevalent at lower elevations, while transitional forms emerged within the middle zones and shrubby forms became prominent at higher altitudes. These results support the notion that Rhododendron communities are segregated vertically across Himalayan elevation gradients, which is observed for a variety of other plant communities within mountain ecosystems (Saikia et al., 2017. Dash et al., 2021).

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Rhododendron, Vertical segregation, Altitude gradient, Kedarnath Wildlife Sanctuary, Himalaya Spring survey, forest ecology

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This study investigates the impact of perceived stress on job satisfaction among teachers across different levels of teaching and institutional types. Using survey responses from educators aged 25-55 with varying years of teaching experience, the research explores how workload, administrative duties, student behavior, and resource availability contribute to stress, and how these factors influence satisfaction with the teaching profession. The findings reveal that while many teachers report feeling overwhelmed by responsibilities and emotionally drained due to workload and behavioral challenges, a significant proportion still express high levels of satisfaction, accomplishment, and motivation in their roles. Teachers consistently highlight positive interactions with students and a sense of professional respect as buffers against stress. However, issues such as lack of discipline, student distraction from technology, and administrative pressures emerge as notable stressors that reduce motivation and satisfaction. Differences are observed across institution types, with government school teachers often reporting stronger feelings of security and accomplishment compared to private school counterparts. Overall, the study underscores the complex interplay between stress and satisfaction, suggesting that while stress negatively affects aspects of teachers' well-being, intrinsic rewards and supportive environments can sustain job satisfaction. These insights highlight the need for institutional strategies to mitigate stress and enhance teacher support systems.

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Perceived stress; Job satisfaction; Teachers; Workload; Administrative duties; Student behavior; Resource availability; Government schools; Private schools; Teacher well being; Institutional support

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This study explores the intertwined roles of memory and identity in postcolonial English literature, emphasizing their function as both thematic concerns and structural forces. Memory operates as a counter-discursive strategy, reclaiming suppressed histories and articulating trauma, while identity reflects the negotiation of hybridity, displacement, and cultural belonging. Drawing on theorists such as Frantz Fanon, Homi Bhabha, Edward Said, and Gayatri Spivak, the research situates postcolonial literature within the broader historical and cultural legacies of colonialism, including linguistic imposition, cultural erasure, and diasporic displacement. Through close readings of works by Salman Rushdie, Arundhati Roy, Jhumpa Lahiri, Chinua Achebe, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, the study demonstrates how narrative strategies--fragmented storytelling, nonlinear structures, and subaltern voices--transform literature into a site of resistance and cultural renewal. Ultimately, the analysis underscores the transformative power of postcolonial literature in reshaping cultural narratives, amplifying marginalized voices, and redefining subjectivity in a globalized world.

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Postcolonial literature, memory and trauma, identity formations.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Background : Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a progressive global health concern characterized by excessive fat accumulation in the liver. It may progress from simple steatosis to Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, including obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, reflecting altered metabolism and unhealthy lifestyle patterns. Its increasing prevalence highlights the need for preventive and holistic management approaches. Objective : To conceptually evaluate the role of Ayurvedic principles in understanding and managing NAFLD through correction of metabolic imbalance. Conceptual Framework / Approach : NAFLD can be correlated with Santarpanajanya Vyadhi in Ayurveda, caused by over-nutrition, sedentary habits, and impaired Agni . Agni mandya leads to Ama formation and vitiation of Kapha-Pitta Dosha, resulting in fat accumulation in Yakrit. Management includes Shodhana, Shamana therapy, Pathya diet, Vyayama, Yoga, and Pranayama. Key Hypothesis / Insights : Ayurveda helps restore Agni , reduce, and maintain Dosha balance. Conclusion : Ayurvedic management supports liver health and helps prevent disease progression. Keywords : NAFLD, Metabolic Syndrome, Ama, Shodhana, Shamana.

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Keywords : NAFLD, Metabolic Syndrome, Ama, Shodhana, Shamana.

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Meetings are central to organizational workflows but frequently result in unstructured outcomes where key decisions and action items are lost. This paper presents the Context Meeting Synthesizer, an Agentic AI-based system that converts meeting transcripts into role-specific summaries, actionable tasks, and automated reminders. The system employs a multi-agent architecture consisting of a summarization agent, task extraction agent, Jira integration agent, and email reminder agent. Experimental evaluation demonstrates reduced manual effort, improved clarity, and enhanced task accountability. The approach highlights the potential of agent-based systems for transforming conversational data into structured, execution-ready outputs.

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Agentic AI, Meeting Summarization, Task Automation, Natural Language Processing, Multi-Agent Systems, Workflow Automation.

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Abstract The primary purpose of this research is to empirically determine the extent to which age and gender affect attitudes toward women among a representative student population. The study aims to bridge the gap in understanding between two pivotal life stages: middle adolescence (ages 14-15) and emerging adulthood (ages 24-25). By comparing school students with postgraduate (PG) students, the investigation seeks to identify whether increased educational attainment and life experience correlate with a shift toward more egalitarian gender-role attitudes. This is particularly salient in a society undergoing rapid modernization while simultaneously maintaining deeply rooted traditional values. The investigation was structured around a sample of 200 participants, bifurcated into two age-specific groups of 100 each. Each group maintained an equal gender distribution of 50 males and 50 females to ensure statistical parity for comparative analysis. The central research hypothesis posited that there would be a significant effect of both age and gender on attitudes toward women. The 25-item Attitude towards Women Scale (AWS) was administered, a tool designed to place individuals on a continuum ranging from traditional conservative to pro-feminist-egalitarian. The results of the ANOVA analysis confirmed the hypothesis with high statistical significance. For the effect of age, the analysis yielded F (1,196) = 24.214, p<.001, while gender emerged as an even more powerful predictor with F (1,196) = 121.41, p <.001. The findings revealed that females across both cohorts held significantly more egalitarian attitudes (M = 61.42, SD = 7.562) than males (M = 47.47, SD = 10.154). Furthermore, school students exhibited higher levels of egalitarian attitudes than postgraduate students, suggesting a complex relationship between age, education, and gender-role perceptions. These findings highlight the influence of developmental and gender-based factors in shaping attitudes toward women and underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote gender equality across different life stages.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Background: Mixed germ cell tumors (MGCTs) of the testis are rare neoplasms comprising two or more germ cell tumor components. They represent approximately 32-54% of all testicular germ cell tumors, with yolk sac tumor (YST) and embryonal carcinoma (EC) being among the most common admixtures. Case Presentation: We report a 36-year-old male presenting with a six-month history of painless right testicular swelling. Serological workup including HIV, HBsAg, and HCV was negative, and all tumor markers (AFP, beta-hCG, LDH) were within normal limits. Right radical inguino-orchidectomy was performed. Gross examination revealed a firm testicular mass with whorled, nodular cut surface. Histopathological examination confirmed a mixed germ cell tumor comprising 77% yolk sac tumor and 23% embryonal carcinoma components. Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic importance of thorough gross and microscopic examination in testicular tumors, even in the setting of normal tumor markers. Accurate component-wise histopathological characterization is essential for appropriate staging and subsequent oncological management.

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Mixed germ cell tumor; Yolk sac tumor; Embryonal carcinoma; Testicular neoplasm; Inguino-orchidectomy; Histopathology

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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using medicinal plants has become an important area of nanotechnology due to its eco-friendly, cost-effective, and non-toxic nature. Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal plant rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds that act as reducing and stabilizing agents during nanoparticle synthesis. In this research paper, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Catharanthus roseus leaf extract and silver nitrate solution. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by a color change from pale yellow to brown due to surface plasmon resonance. Characterization techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR help determine particle size, morphology, and crystalline nature. The synthesized AgNPs exhibit strong antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biomedical applications. This study highlights the importance of green nanotechnology in developing sustainable and environmentally friendly nanoparticles. Green nanotechnology has emerged as an eco-friendly approach for synthesizing nanoparticles using plant extracts. In the present study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Catharanthus roseus leaf extract and silver nitrate solution through a green synthesis method. The phytochemicals present in the plant extract act as reducing and stabilizing agents for nanoparticle formation. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Due to their excellent antimicrobial properties, the AgNPs were incorporated into an antifungal cream formulation. The prepared cream was evaluated for pH, spreadability, stability, homogeneity, and antifungal activity against fungal strains such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The study concludes that green-synthesized silver nanoparticles from Catharanthus roseus can be effectively used in antifungal topical formulations. synthesis methods.

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Non Toxic, Anti-Microbial, Bio-Medical, Anti-Fungal.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition