Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Maharashtra rajyatil shasanmany shatakottar taluka 'A' varg sarvajanik granthalayanche sanganakikaran: ek abhyas

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Maharashtra rajyatil shasanmany shatakottar taluka 'A' varg sarvajanik granthalayanche sanganakikaran: ek abhyas

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract : This study provides a comprehensive overview of the socio-economic impacts of solar irrigation on farmers in the Anand and Narmada districts and changes in agriculture. o Purpose: The main objective of this study is to know the socio-economic impacts on the farmers due to the use of solar irrigation pumps in the Anand and Narmada districts and to examine the changes in agriculture due to the use of solar energy. o Design: During the year 2024-25, a total of 124 farmer-beneficiaries from Anand and Narmada districts adopting solar irrigation pumps have been selected. Primary Data has been collected through a structured questionnaire using the stratified random sampling method. o Findings: The findings of this study are that beneficiary respondents are socially and economically prosperous compared to non-beneficiaries of Solar Irrigation Pumps. Compared to the Anand District, the cultivated area of the Narmada District increased After Solar Irrigation. Further, summer acreage increased significantly After Solar Irrigation due to the earlier unavailability of Irrigation facilities in the Narmada District. In Anand and Narmada Districts, solar irrigation has had a positive effect on Cropping Intensity. In addition, Cropping Intensity has changed more in the Narmada District than in the Anand District. After the Solar Irrigation in the Narmada District, there has been a massive increase in the area under summer cultivation. o Keywords: Solar-Powered Irrigation, Cropping Intensity, Cropping Pattern. o JEL Code: Q01, Q15,Q16, Q42.

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o Keywords: Solar-Powered Irrigation, Cropping Intensity, Cropping Pattern.

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Traditional approaches to monitoring energy consumption often rely on basic meters or manual observation, which provide limited information about real-time usage. These methods are time-consuming, lack detailed analysis, and do not offer continuous monitoring of electrical loads. In many cases, users are unable to track individual load consumption or identify inefficient energy usage patterns. Additionally, the absence of remote access makes it difficult to monitor energy data from different locations. These limitations reduce the effectiveness of energy management and hinder timely detection of abnormal consumption or faults. To overcome these challenges, this paper presents an IoT-based energy monitoring system using Raspberry Pi Pico W. The proposed system measures electrical parameters such as current and estimates energy consumption for multiple loads. The collected data is processed by the controller and transmitted to a cloud platform for real-time monitoring and analysis. Users can access this data remotely, enabling better understanding and management of energy usage. The system eliminates the need for manual intervention and provides continuous monitoring with improved convenience. It also offers features such as data logging, remote accessibility, and visualization of energy consumption patterns. Although the system is not intended for billing-grade accuracy, it provides a practical and cost-effective solution for real-time energy monitoring applications. Overall, the proposed system supports efficient energy utilization by providing users with meaningful insights into their consumption behavior, making it suitable for residential and small-scale applications.

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IoT, Energy Monitoring System, Raspberry Pi Pico W, Smart Energy Management, Real-Time Monitoring, Cloud-Based Data Logging, Load Analysis

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 Abstract

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VIS- volume incentive spiromeretry, OMAS- oromotor assessment scale

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Side channel attacks (SCA) attack the hardware implementation of cryptography, but not the algorithms themselves. The attacks involve monitoring physical parameters that are affected by secret key operations in the hardware implementation and using statistical correlation techniques to recover the keys. Cryptographic chips used in embedded systems, smart cards, hardware security modules (HSMs), and SoCs are especially susceptible due to their limited physical environment. This paper reviews the various hardware techniques for defending against SCAs on power and timing channels. Wave Dynamic Differential Logic (WDDL), hardware masking techniques based on Boolean secret sharing and Threshold Implementations, constant time architecture design, and clock randomization are among those studied. These methods are analyzed for their effectiveness, cost in terms of area and performance overhead, scalability, and residual leaks. A comparative analysis will show the pros and cons of each technique in terms of PPA. Future directions for research include composable defense strategies and leakage verification for SCA-resilient cryptographic hardware.

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Side-Channel Attacks; Differential Power Analysis; WDDL; Hardware Masking; Constant-Time Design; Clock Randomization; Cryptographic Hardware Security

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The wooden wardrobe (almirah) designs of Saharanpur are well known for their traditional craftsmanship and detailed wood carving. In the past, these wardrobes were heavy, decorative and made mainly from solid wood. However, with changing lifestyles and modern needs, their designs have gradually changed. This study focuses on how the trends in wooden wardrobe design have evolved over time. Today, people prefer simple, space-saving and functional furniture. As a result, Saharanpur wardrobes are now being made in lighter designs with less carving and more useful features like extra storage, shelves and modular parts. New materials such as glass and metal are also sometimes combined with wood to give a modern look. The study shows that modernization has helped improve both design and usability while still keeping some traditional elements. Overall, the change in design trends reflects a balance between old craftsmanship and new ideas, helping Saharanpur furniture stay popular in today's market. Saharanpur is a renowned traditional craft that represents a rich blend of artistic heritage, cultural influences and skilled craftsmanship. Known as the "Wood Carving City," Saharanpur has been a major center for wooden handicrafts since at least the 14th century, with strong influences from Mughal, Persian and Indian design traditions. The craft primarily involves carving intricate patterns such as floral motifs, geometric designs and lattice (jaali) work on woods like sheesham and teak. Artisans use traditional hand tools to create a wide range of products, including furniture, decorative panels and utility items. The production process is highly skilled and often collaborative, involving stages like carving, inlay work, polishing, and finishing. Saharanpur's wood carving industry is not only an artistic tradition but also an important economic activity, supporting thousands of artisans and contributing to both domestic and international markets. Over time, the craft has evolved by incorporating modern designs while preserving its traditional identity. Wood carving in Saharanpur stands as a significant example of India's handicraft heritage, combining creativity, tradition and livelihood and continuing to thrive as a globally recognized art form.

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: Saharanpur, wooden wardrobe, practice status, new design possibilities, modern creativity.

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The banking sector plays a vital role in the economic development of a country, and its efficiency largely depends on the quality of human resources. This study focuses on the recruitment and selection practices adopted in the banking sector, with the objective of analyzing their effectiveness, challenges, and recent trends. The research examines various recruitment sources such as internal hiring, campus recruitment, employee referrals, and digital platforms, along with selection methods including aptitude tests, interviews, group discussions, and background verification. The study is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data is collected through surveys and interviews with bank employees and HR professionals, while secondary data is obtained from journals, reports, and official banking websites. The findings indicate that the adoption of digital recruitment tools and online assessment methods has significantly improved the efficiency and transparency of hiring processes. However, challenges such as high competition for skilled talent, lengthy selection procedures, and bias in evaluation still persist.The study concludes that while the banking sector has modernized its recruitment and selection processes, there is a need for continuous improvement through the use of advanced technologies, structured interview techniques, and unbiased assessment systems. Effective recruitment and selection practices can enhance employee performance, reduce turnover, and contribute to overall organizational success.

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Banking, Human resource Management, Recruitment and Selection.

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Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a critical environmental phenomenon characterized by elevated temperatures in urban areas compared to surrounding rural regions. While previous research has predominantly focused on building density and land use, the role of road infrastructure as a major contributor to urban heat dynamics remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of road infrastructure on UHI intensity within the municipal boundaries of Sambhajinagar, a rapidly urbanizing tier-2 city in India. The research adopts a spatio-temporal analytical approach, integrating road network characteristics, surface temperature variations, and urban morphology. It examines how road density, material properties, traffic intensity, and vegetation cover influence localized heat accumulation. The findings indicate that asphalt-based road networks significantly contribute to heat storage and delayed heat release, intensifying nighttime temperatures. High-density road zones exhibit greater surface temperatures and stronger UHI effects compared to peripheral areas with lower infrastructure intensity. The study also highlights the role of urban canyon geometry and reduced vegetation in exacerbating heat retention along major corridors. The paper concludes that road infrastructure must be integrated into urban climate planning frameworks to mitigate UHI effects effectively.

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Urban Heat Island, road infrastructure, surface temperature, spatio-temporal analysis, Sambhajinagar, urban morphology

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The healthcare is one of the important research field in the current situation with the rapid improvement of technology and data. The primary concern of this research work is the usage of machine learning techniques for predicting heart diseases using clinical and symptom-related information. Considering the fast-growing volume of medical records, it becomes difficult to rely on conventional approaches to the analysis of data. Machine learning is used to examine huge amounts of data quickly and detect patterns linked to diseases. To build predictive models, the present study employs the dataset related to Cleveland Heart Disease, provided by the UCI Machine Learning Repository available at Kaggle. Several approaches to classifying information and developing predictive models will be examined, such as the Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Random Forest. In particular, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique is important to discuss because it is highly effective in solving classification problems by defining an optimal hyperplane to differentiate points in multidimensional space. This System will be implemented using SVM Algorithm. It is classification based machine learning algorithm.

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support vector machine, heart disease, machine learning, supervised, unsupervised.

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Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are important components of modern software systems that enable communication between different applications. APIs use parameters in requests to retrieve customized data and perform specific operations. However, changes in request parameters can significantly affect response accuracy and system performance. This research investigates the impact of API parameter variation using different test cases such as valid parameters, missing parameters, invalid parameters, unnecessary extra parameters, and large input values. Experimental testing was performed on REST APIs using standard API testing tools. Metrics such as response time, error rate, status code, and output correctness were analyzed. The results indicate that valid parameters provide the highest efficiency and most accurate responses, while incorrect or excessive parameters increase processing time and error frequency. This study highlights the importance of parameter validation and optimized request design for reliable API development.

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- API, REST API, Parameters, Performance Testing, Response Accuracy, HTTP Requests, Web Services

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