Volume 13 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Clinical trials are used in the pharmaceutical industry to ensure the safety and efficacy of products, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration oversees the approval process. To improve patient safety and lower safety-related withdrawals, pharmacovigilance is crucial. In order to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of Ayurveda, the Indian government launched a program similar to the International Drug Monitoring program, which was founded by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1961. India is home to 55 postgraduate institutions and 196 undergraduate schools.

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Pharmacovigilance in ayurvedic medicine system

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This comparative study examines the historical personhood of Gautama Buddha of India and Jesus of Nazareth of Israel, analyzing their lives, teachings and historical contexts. Both figures profoundly influenced global religious and philosophical traditions, with Buddhism and Christianity emerging as dominant spiritual and ethical systems. Despite differences in their geographic and cultural settings, Buddha (c. 563-483 BCE) and Jesus (c. 4 BCE-30 CE) share common themes in their life narratives, including miraculous births, discipleship, moral teachings and the transformation of societies. Buddha, originally Prince Siddhartha Gautama of the Shakya clan, renounced his royal life in search of enlightenment. His teachings, emphasizing the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, provided a systematic approach to ending suffering through self-realization and ethical conduct. His enlightenment under the Bodhi tree marked the foundation of Buddhism, which later spread across Asia. The historical sources for Buddha's life come primarily from Buddhist scriptures such as the Tripitaka, which were written centuries after his passing. Jesus of Nazareth, central to Christianity, was a Jewish preacher in first-century Roman-occupied Judea. His teachings, centered on love, compassion and salvation, challenged religious and political authorities. His crucifixion and subsequent resurrection, as recorded in the New Testament, laid the foundation for Christian theology. Unlike Buddhist texts, the Gospels were written within a few decades of Jesus' death, making his historical footprint more immediate but still debated by scholars. Both figures engaged in reformist movements against rigid religious practices of their time--Buddha received enlightenment, while Jesus confronted Pharisaic Judaism. Their followers systematized their teachings into religious doctrines, leading to the institutionalization of Buddhism and Christianity. Over time, their historical identities merged with theological interpretations, making it difficult to separate fact from legend. The study utilizes comparative historiography, textual analysis and archaeological evidence to assess the veracity of their historical records. It also explores their influences on ethical thought, non-violence and global civilization. Buddha's path was based on self-liberation through meditation and wisdom, Jesus' message emphasized faith, divine grace and redemption. The analysis concludes that, although their life trajectories and religious impacts differ, both figures remain foundational to human spiritual evolution.

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 Keywords

Gautama Buddha, Jesus of Nazareth, Historical Personhood, Comparative Religion, Buddhism, Christianity, Enlightenment, Salvation, Ethical Teachings, Religious Reform, Spiritual Legacy, Discipleship, Textual Analysis, Archaeological Evidence, Global Influence.

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Monkeypox a viral zoonosis, is a disease caused by the monkeypox virus. The first case of Monkeypox occurred in a 9-month-old child in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1970. In this review the overall information about monkeypox disease, their causes, symptoms, treatment and comparison between monkeypox and smallpox was studied.

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Transmission, Monkeypox, Treatment, Vaccine

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The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is transforming industrial operations by embedding intelligent sensors and devices into systems, generating large volumes of data that drive operational improvements. While cloud computing has traditionally been employed for data processing, its drawbacks--such as latency, limited bandwidth, and security concerns--create challenges for time-sensitive industrial tasks. Edge computing overcomes these limitations by processing data near its source, which reduces latency and supports quicker decision-making. This paper examines the role of edge computing within IIoT ecosystems, focusing on how it can enhance operational efficiency, improve predictive maintenance, and enable smarter automation. We explore the key architectural elements of edge computing, the advantages it brings to IIoT, and the challenges it faces in terms of hardware limitations, security vulnerabilities, and interoperability issues. Additionally, we discuss emerging trends like federated learning, digital twins, and autonomous edge systems, exploring their potential to influence the future of industrial computing. The paper concludes by underlining the significant role of edge computing in transforming industrial infrastructures, providing a platform for more resilient, intelligent, and scalable IIoT systems.

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Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Edge Intelligence, Edge Computing, Smart Manufacturing, Industrial Automation, Real-time Data Processing, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Predictive Maintenance, Low Latency, Distributed Systems, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Federated Learning Algorithms, Suitability, Situations, Applications, Networking

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Existential anxiety, which stems from an awareness of life's uncertainties like death, freedom, isolation, and meaninglessness, is a key focus in psychological research. While distressing, existential anxiety also serves as a motivator for individuals to seek meaning in their lives. Psychological literature highlights two key dimensions of meaning in life: presence of meaning, the perception that one's life has purpose and coherence, and search for meaning, the active exploration of life's significance. Research suggests that the presence of meaning is associated with psychological well-being, resilience, and lower distress, whereas the search for meaning can either facilitate personal growth or lead to existential distress, depending on how it is pursued. This dissertation examines the relationship between existential anxiety and meaning in life through psychological frameworks such as Viktor Frankl's logotherapy, self-determination theory, and terror management theory. By analyzing how individuals experience and search for meaning, this study aims to provide insights into the role of meaning in coping with existential concerns and its implications for mental well-being.

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"Gender Perspectives on Existential Anxiety and Meaning in Life in Young Adults"

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Hair plays a vital role in protecting the scalp and is an essential aspect of human appearance. Hair conditioner is a hair care formulation applied after shampooing, targeting the hair strands and tips to enhance their condition, and is then rinsed off. It helps improve hair manageability and imparts a shiny, healthy appearance. The primary goal of using a conditioner is to minimize friction between hair strands, making combing and styling easier. This study focused on developing an effective hair care formulation that aligns with consumer preferences and evaluating its performance. Three types of conditioners were created: Herbal Hair Conditioner, Synthetic Hair Conditioner, and Ayurvedic Hair Conditioner. The Herbal Conditioner featured rosemary as the key ingredient, while the Ayurvedic formulation included flaxseed, rice, and fenugreek seeds. These conditioner formulations were assessed based on their sensory (organoleptic) characteristics and various physicochemical properties, including pH, Dirt Dispersion Test, Cleaning Ability, and Stability.

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Herbal Hair Conditioner, Synthetic Hair Conditioner, Ayurvedic Hair Conditioner, Organoleptic Evaluation, Physicochemical Analysis, Stability Assessment.

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In the connected digital world of today, protecting these networked systems is essential. To ensure the integrity of data transmission over the internet and stop fraud or illegal access, it is essential to identify abnormalities in network behaviour. By spotting malicious attacks in network traffic, intrusion detection systems (IDS) play a critical role in network security. There is no thorough study on anomaly detection utilizing four types of ML models under various network environments, despite the fact that ML techniques have been employed in a variety of fields to address security challenges. The majority of surveys only addressed one form of network (supervised learning).Therefore, we outline in this paper how anomaly detection can be accomplished by unsupervised learning (Support vector machine, k-means clustering technique, NDM) and the current solutions in computer networks, cellular networks, SDN, IoT, and cloud networks. The accuracy of this algorithm is between 94 and 98 percent when compared to supervised learning methods. Additionally, we provide the unsupervised detection approach, which is generally suggested without mentioning the type of network. Experimentally corrected datasets are used to confirm these solutions.

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Machine learning, anomaly detection, WireShark, network security, Data Mining, K-means clustering, Computer Network,

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Acharya Sushruta(father of surgery)has elaboratly explained about the dagdha vrana (burn wound) in Susrutha Samhita.According to symptoms pushtadagdha vrana is corelate as first degree burn.Wound healing is a self-controlled process but due to remarkable increase in number of accidental injury and resistant bacterial infection the process of healing prolongs and also gives rise to local and systemic complications finally leading to non-healing ulcer. As exclaimed in Dwivarniyachikitsa Adhyay, Chikitsa Sthana Sushruta Samhita, Triphala-yog lepa is very effective for vrana shodhan and ropana(healing). Triphala also has Dahshamak property. So we decided to select triphala-yog to treat Plustadagdha vrana. In a case study a 42-year-old female with a history of accidently first degree burn. Triphala-yog lepan karma showed marked improvement in pain and Burn wound healing over 20 days.

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 Keywords

Shushruta,Plushtadagdha vrana, lepan karma, First degree burn ,Ropan

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The rising challenge of animal intrusions into agricultural fields, wildlife sanctuaries, and private properties demands efficient and automated security solutions. This project presents an intelligent animal intruder detection system using the YOLOv8 deep learning model to detect and classify animals in real-time. Upon detection, the system triggers automated alerts, including sound alarms and email notifications with captured images and classified animal names. This reduces dependency on manual surveillance, minimizes false alarms, and enhances security measures through proactive monitoring. Our work aims to provide a scalable, accurate, and reliable solution for continuous security and conservation efforts.

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Animal Intruder Detection, Real-Time Monitoring, YOLOv8, Deep Learning, Automated Alerts, Wildlife Security, Email Notifications

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The most popular medications topical formulations for the treatment of pain are reviewing hear, along with new research findings. Tension headaches are one symptoms of the stress of modern living. Since ancient times, there has been a storing need for cosmetics; however, these days, the emphasis is primarily on derived cosmetic items. In addition to cosmetics, skin care products are also preferred because of their convenient application Of all dermal medication delivery treatments, pain balm formulations by provide the fastest local effect. The main aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate polyhedral pain reviling balm containing essential oils of Eucalyptus, Frankincense, White Willow bark liquid extract, Menthol. The plant have been reported in the literature good anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, analgesic, and cooling activity, Menthol is naturally occurring cyclic terpene alcohol of plant origin, which has been used since antiquity of medicinal purpose. Its use in dermatology is ubiquitous, where it is frequently part of topical anti-pruritic, antiseptic, analgesic and cooling formulations methyl salicylate, geogard, camphor, petroleum jelly, coconut oil, are used. Prepared formulation was evaluated for various parameters like color, appearance, texture, PH, viscosity, solubility, non-irritancy, wash ability, spread ability.

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 Keywords

Balm, Menthol, Camphor, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic Properties, Antioxidant

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