Volume 12 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTIs) pose a substantial global health challenge, affecting millions annually and demanding comprehensive approaches for effective management. While the clinical manifestations of LRTIs are well-documented, understanding their impact on the Quality of Life (QoL) of affected individuals is paramount for providing holistic care. This review navigates through diverse methodologies employed to assess QoL in the context of LRTIs, encompassing generic and disease-specific instruments, psychosocial assessments, and emerging trends in the field. By exploring factors influencing QoL, including symptom severity, comorbidities, and treatment modalities, we unravel the intricate web of considerations in the holistic care of LRTI patients. Beyond immediate clinical concerns, long-term implications and patient perspectives provide a nuanced understanding of the enduring effects and coping mechanisms. The review underscores the importance of personalized, patient-centered approaches and identifies gaps in current knowledge, paving the way for future research to enhance the well-being of individuals affected by LRTIs. As we delve into this synthesis of existing literature, we aim to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Quality of Life, fostering improved clinical care, informed public health strategies, and a compassionate response to the challenges faced by those navigating LRTIs.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Quality of life, LRTI

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Goods and Services Tax plays a major role in deciding the purchase decision of the consumers. This is because, it plays a major role on the pricing decision of different members of channels of distribution. The prices of the products differ according to the taxation slab in which they are grouped under GST. However marketers through their effective strategies manage to offer some differentiation for the consumers, in terms of price, to the consumers. The study will explore the changes in consumer purchasing patterns, preferences, and decision-making processes post-GST implementation, focusing on various sectors and demographic groups. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the implications of GST on consumers and provide insights for policymakers and businesses.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Goods and Services Tax, consumer buying behavior, GST implementation, purchasing patterns, consumer preferences, decision-making processes.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

aadhunik parivesh me himachal pradesh ke parmpik vastr

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

aadhunik parivesh me himachal pradesh ke parmpik vastr

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Concept of CMA came into being in 1975 as a result of recommendation of the guidelines given by the Chore committee and Tandon group in 1974. However the CMA was introduced in the banking system in 1988. The aim of CMA was to prevent delays in loan approval and disbursement. Later on in 1997 MPBF concept was withdrawn by the RBI (The Central Bank) and consequently the CMA was also scarped at their end. Procedure of Working Capital Limit Assessment has been left at the discretion of the banks, Boards of Banks were given power to device their own policies. Even if MPBF is not mandatory and CMA is not compulsory banks are continuing with the same system which was introduced in 1988.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

CMA, MPBF, Working Capital, Net Working Capital, Working Capital Gap

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infection occurs when there is an infection of the lungs, specifically in the lower airways. This infection is usually caused by a virus, bacteria or other less common organisms. LRTI includes Bronchitis, Bronchiolitis, Pneumonia. The most commonly prescribed drugs for LRTI include Cephalosporins, Penicillins and Macrolide antibiotics. Paediatric population are mostly affected by LRTI than adult and geriatric population. SF 36 QoL questionnaire is used to assess the health related quality of life of patients with LRTI. AIM: To study the prevalence, antibiotic prescribing pattern and health related quality of life in patients with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. OBJECTIVE: o To assess the prevalence of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. o To study the antibiotic prescribing pattern in the management of patients having Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. o To assess the quality of life in patients having Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The prospective observational study was carried out in 15 patients. Prevalence of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections assessed in paediatric, adult and geriatric patients, and in both male and female patients. Prescriptions were studied to analyse the antibiotic prescribing patterns in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections patients. Health related Quality of Life was assessed using SF-36 questionnaire before and after patient counselling to analyse its impact on patient outcome and the follow up was taken within 2 weeks. RESULT: Lower Respiratory Tract Infection was found to be the most prevalent disease among Pulmonary and Critical care department in the hospital. Prevalence of LRTI will be more in paediatric patients when compared to adults and geriatric patients, and also males are more affected than females. The most commonly prescribed drugs for LRTI were found to be Cefuroxime followed by Cefoperazone+Sulbactam, Clarithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid, Piperacillin+Tazobactam, Azithromycin and Meropenem. A significant increase in Quality of Life was found in LRTI patients after treatment and patient counselling. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that LRTI is the most common disease and prevalence of LRTI is more in paediatrics than adults and geriatrics. The most commonly prescribed antiobiotic for LRTI is Cephalosporins like Cefuroxime, Cefoperazone along with Sulbactam and Ceftriaxone. There is a significant improvement in the QoL in patients after treatment and patient counselling.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

LRTI , Prevalence, Antibiotics, Health related quality of life.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Financial inclusion refers to efforts to make financial products and services accessible and affordable to all individuals and businesses, regardless of their personal net worth or company size. Socio-economic inequalities and gender inequalities can hinder financial inclusion, with women and marginalized groups potentially facing greater barriers to access and control of financial resources. Financial inclusion seeks to remove barriers that prevent people from participating in the financial sector and using these services to improve their lives.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Financial Inclusion, Economic Inequality

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??, ???? ?? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???????? - ????????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????? - ???, ????, ????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??, ???? ????????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????????, ?????? ?? ????????, ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??, ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ? ???? ??????? ????? ????, ???????? ????? ???? ? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????, ?? ????? ????, ?? ??? ???????, ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ????; ???????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ???????; ????????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????,??????? ?? ?????; ?? ?? ???? ?????, ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ?

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

????? ????, ??? ??? ????, ????? ????, ??? ???????, ????????? , ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract: Quantitative Structural activity relationship (QSAR) , defined as quantitative correlation of biological activities with physicochemical properties. If we take a series of chemicals and attempt to form a quantitative relationship between the biological effects (i.e the activity)and the chemistry (i.e the structure) of each of the chemicals, then we are able to form a quantitative structure-activity relationship or QSAR. Now a days a newer technique i.e 3D QSAR is also used to overcome the problems of classical QSAR. Some recent version of QSAR such as QSAR-co-x, Dragon 0.7, ALVADESC 2.0, etc. which have some extra features like, QSAR-Co-X provides features for developing linear and nonlinear relationship between models. In this review we have summarized all the data regarding purpose, application, process, and limitations of QSAR.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

QSAR, chemistry qualitative, 3D structure, GQSAR, QSARpro biological activities. Predictions.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Tomato classification is paramount for quality assessment, sorting, and yield optimization in agriculture. This comprehensive literature review explores recent advancements in tomato classification leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The review synthesizes insights from diverse studies, encompassing MRI-based classification, color feature analysis, machine vision systems, hyper spectral imaging, morphological characterization, nutrient deficiency detection, and disease classification. It examines methodologies, results, and implications, providing a holistic understanding of the field and delineating future research directions.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Tomato classification is critical for ensuring quality and market competitiveness, with various factors influencing classification methodologies. This literature review aims to elucidate recent advancements in tomato classification, focusing on CNN-based approaches and their applications across different domains within agriculture.

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

About 114 countries are exploring CBDCs, and about 60 countries are in the advanced stage. Countries that have already launched retail CBDCs (R-CBDCs) are the Bahamas, Cambodia, the Eastern Caribbean, Nigeria, China, and Jamaica. Central banks that are exploring a specialized wholesale CBDC (W-CBDC) include Singapore, Australia, Saudi Arabia, and the European Union. Russia - The digital ruble has completed initial testing--full cycle of transactions announced by the Central Bank of Russia. China - Plans to launch eCNY or digital Yuan by 2022. Digital currency is an electronic form of money that anyone can use in contactless transactions. Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced the launch of a Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in the 2022 Union Budget speech.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Digital Currency, CBDC,

  License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition