Volume 11 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

The goal of this study is to turn an old bicycle into an electric one with the possibility to increase mileage. Electric bicycles are a new sustainable means of transportation for smart cities in the future. The rising demand for fuel and its high cost as a result of the growing number of automobiles on the road are currently one of the biggest issues our nation is dealing with. In many Asian nations, especially those with dense populations like India, where the majority of people commute on two wheels, air pollution is a big concern. For short distance commuting, using an electric bicycle will contribute to some pollution reduction. As part of this project, we created an electric bicycle. A 36V, 250W brushless direct current (BLDC) hub motor and lithium ion (Li-ion) battery power this electric bicycle. The sealed maintenance-free (SMF) battery is replaced with the Li-ion battery. Compared to SMF batteries, Li-ion batteries have additional benefits. This electric bicycle is less expensive, easier to build, and suitable for many short-distance users, including college students, office workers, villages, postmen, etc. It is ideal for both young and old persons. This bicycle saves money because it doesn't use expensive fossil fuels. Due to its lack of emissions, it is inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and pollution-free.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

: Hub Motor, Controller, Li-ion Battery, Head light, Anti-theft alarm, Speedometer, DC-DC controller, mileage improvement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The fly-back converter is a popular power electronics converter for regulated power supply due to its simplicity and efficiency. This research paper concentrates on designing a flyback converter for a solar pump controller, considering input voltages from 400V to 1200V DC and output voltages of 15V, 5V, and 3.3V. Implementing the Cascode topology in the converter aims to increase controller performance, minimize losses, and improve voltage control. The Cascode technique improves overall efficiency by optimizing switching characteristics and reducing voltage stress on switching devices. The research analyses the behavior of a flyback converter in Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) for a solar pump controller where the inductor current totally discharges after each switching cycle. The simulation results represent the converter in DCM using the Cascode technique is efficient, generating required output voltages and accurate voltage control over a broad range of input voltage changes. The results are beneficial for engineers and academics working on high-voltage isolated power supply, particularly for solar pump control applications. The paper has a sense on design considerations, simulations, and analysis of flyback converters, with a focus on improving the performance of solar pump controller.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Isolated DC-DC converter, SMPS, Transformer, Power Electronics Switches

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Crowdfunding, a method that permits people who own businesses to make fundraising requests, is a unique and fresh methodology to supporting diverse business ideas. Businesses might be educational or commercial. Capital is regularly exchanged for future products or services. This comprises leveraging social media to link investors and businessmen. internet in exchange for financial incentives to fund alternative business ideas. Social media and the Internet are rising platforms. The internet and social media are critical fundraising tools for charity groups such as dealers. This article discusses the importance of technology in crowdfunding after providing a brief overview of the numerous crowdfunding platforms that have recently emerged. Crowdfunding relies on trust between investors and stakeholders. New technological advancements hold enormous promise for businesses and private crowdfunding. Blockchain-based crowdfunding platforms bring in a lot of money from sponsors and investors and boost the legitimacy of many different projects and enterprises. Key concepts include blockchain technology, collaboration, smart contracts, and crowdsourcing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

crowdfunding, business idea, smart contract, crowdsource, Blockchain

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Microgreens, the young seedlings of edible vegetables and herbs, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their exceptional nutritional profile and potential health benefits. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, properties, and role of microgreens as a food supplement in a healthy diet. Microgreens are cultivated by harvesting the young shoots of various plants at an early growth stage, typically within 7-14 days after germination. They exhibit high concentrations of essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, making them a valuable addition to a balanced diet. Additionally, microgreens showcase unique flavor profiles and vibrant colors, enhancing the visual appeal of dishes. Research suggests that regular consumption of microgreens can contribute to improved overall health and well-being. They have been linked to potential benefits such as reduced risk of chronic diseases, enhanced digestion, and improved immune function. The bioactive compounds present in microgreens, including phenolic compounds and carotenoids, exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, further supporting their health-promoting effects. Microgreens can be easily incorporated into daily meals as a versatile food supplement. They can be consumed fresh in salads, sandwiches, or smoothies, or used as garnishes and flavor enhancers in various culinary preparations. Their high nutritional content and potential health benefits make them an appealing choice for health-conscious individuals seeking to optimize their dietary intake. In conclusion, microgreens offer a promising addition to a healthy diet, providing a concentrated source of essential nutrients and bioactive compounds. Further research is warranted to explore their specific health effects and optimal consumption patterns. Encouraging the integration of microgreens into dietary guidelines may contribute to promoting public health and fostering a culture of nutritious eating habits.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Microgreens, seedlings, nutritional profile, health benefits, food supplement, antioxidants, culinary applications, dietary intake.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Distributed generation (DG) is becoming more important due to the increase in the demands for electrical energy. Distribution system loss reduction is one of the prime objectives for planning of distributed generation. To minimize the losses, optimal sizing and location of distributed generation (DG) is critically important. In this thesis, the optimal DG placement and sizing problem is investigated using single-objective optimization problem, where the system's power losses are considered as the objective to be minimized. These problems are formulated as constrained linear optimization problems using the Linear Programming method (LP). The proposed method is demonstrated on IEEE-15 bus and IEEE-33 bus radial distribution systems extensively used as examples in solving the optimal location and sizing problem of distributed generators. Simulation results with the DG shows improvement in terms of voltage profile enhancement and power losses reduction are obtained satisfactorily.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Optimal Location, Distributed Generation (DG), Linear Programming Method (LP), Voltage profile enhancement.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The interest in and use of herbal treatments has grown significantly in recent years, even in locations where access to modern medicine is available. The goal of the current effort is to create and assess an ointment containing extracts from neem (Azadirachta indica), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum Linn). An ointment including Neem (Azadirachta indica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), and Tulsi (Ocimum Sanctum Linn) extract is being developed and evaluated in the current work. Herbal ointments have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their potential therapeutic properties and minimal side effects compared to synthetic counterparts. This review aims to provide an overview of the formulation and evaluation of herbal ointments containing neem (Azadirachta indica), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum) extracts. These three herbs have long been recognized for their medicinal properties and have been extensively used in traditional medicine.The combination of these extracts in ointment formulations holds promise for various dermatological conditions. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the formulation techniques, phytochemical composition, and evaluation parameters of herbal ointments containing neem, turmeric, and tulsi extracts.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Neem, Turmeric, Tulsi, Maceration, Levigation, Extrudability, Spreadability.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This Mining is the extraction of minerals and other geological elements from the ground. There are several risks associated with the extraction of these minerals. The majority of accidents in coal mining occur as a result of dangerous gases emitted during mining, such as methane gas. A mine safety system involving a helmet is constructed, with an IOT platform serving as a data transmission channel. The system is used to monitor and regulate numerous factors in coal mines, such as gas leakage and temperature conditions. These sensors are all considered one unit and are mounted on the helmets of coal mine miners. The sensor values are continually transferred to the things speak for analysis. The gas is regularly monitored here, and if there are any doubts in the level of gas, a bell is utilized to inform the personnel. Temperatures are also continually monitored and shown on both the serial monitor and the things speak platform. The created helmet system is primarily used to improve the working environment in mines and to guarantee worker safety.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Safety, Data Monitoring, Temperature Sensor, Gas Sensor, Light Sensor, GPS, Arduino.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Within the scope of this review article, we investigate methods for the design of hybrid energy storage systems for electric vehicles, as well as the need of choosing an appropriate age for electricity in order for electric vehicles to operate well. The steadily rising demand for electricity gives rise to ongoing recommendations and essential initiatives to increase the energy productivity in a wide variety of motions, ranging from manufacturing to commerce, from transportation to computerised communication, from recreation to personal computers and small electronic devices. These recommendations and initiatives are intended to increase the energy productivity in a wide variety of movements. The capacity to store any extra electrical energy over extended periods of time and then retrieve the energy that has been stored in an effective manner is a big step forward in the effort to lower overall energy usage. This is something that is taken into account when discussing electric automobiles, in particular hybrid energy storage systems.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Hybrid energy, Storage System, Electric vehicle, Digital communication, Portable device, electricity consumption

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Clinical trials play a crucial role in evaluating the safety and efficacy of new therapeutic interventions. Pharmacovigilance, the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems, is of paramount importance during clinical trials. This review article explores the significance of pharmacovigilance in clinical trials, focusing on the measures taken to ensure participant safety. Key aspects include monitoring and reporting adverse events, maintaining data integrity, and assessing the balance between drug benefits and risks.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Clinical trials ,Safety, efficacy ,Pharmacovigilance ,Adverse effects, Drug-related problems ,Participant safety ,Monitoring Reporting, adverse events Data ,integrity Benefits and risks

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Herbal hair oil has been used for maintaining the good health of hair and enhancing the appearance of an individual from the centuries. The hair oil is used to treat various problems related to hair such as hair thinning, loss of hair, itching in the scalp due to dandruff. The aim of the present study is to formulate the herbal hair oil using various herbal plants or specific part of the plant. Every herb used in the formulation of hair oil possess a specific activity that can help to prevent the various problem related to hair. The ingredient which are used in the formulation are lacunae pinnatifida, neem, amla, shatavari, camphor, sesame oil and coconut oil. Multiple parameters, including pH, specific gravity, viscosity, patch test, saponification value, and acid value, were used to analyze the hair oil formulation.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

HAIR OILD

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition