Volume 11 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Innovative neuroprosthetic technology called Brain Gate aims to make it possible for people with paralysis or other motor disabilities to operate devices with their thoughts. It functions by utilising a tiny implanted sensor that records neural activity in the brain and converts it into electrical signals that can be used to control exterior gadgets like computers, robotic arms, or even communication equipment. People with paralysis and other motor disabilities have hope that the technology, which has been successfully tested in animal models and has shown promising results in human clinical trials, will help them regain control of their lives. With the help of Brain Gate technology, the field of assistive technology could undergo a revolution, allowing people with impairments to interact with the outside world in previously unimaginable ways. A group of scientists from Massachusetts General Hospital and Brown University have created the Brain Gate technology. The system comprises of a tiny sensor that is inserted into the part of the brain that regulates movement, the motor cortex. The sensor has the ability to recognise electrical impulses produced by the brain's motor neurones and convert those signals into instructions that can be utilised to operate external devices.

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 Keywords

Braingate,neuroprosthetics,tetraplegia

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

हिमाचल में भरमौर के गद्दी समुदाय में पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल के तरीके, भारत के अन्य ग्रामीण और दूरदराज के क्षेत्रो की तरह ही एक विशेष महत्त्व रखते है I भरमौर के गद्दी लोगों/चरवाहों के बीच स्वास्थ्य देखभाल स्व-देखभाल, पारंपरिक हिमालयी चिकित्सकों या अन्य प्राथमिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल प्रणालियों के ऊपर निर्भर थी और वर्तमान में भी काफी हद तक यह इलाज की पद्धतिया लोगो में प्रसिद्ध है । गद्दी लोग कई तरह की पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल तकनीकों से इलाज करना जानते हैं। मुख्य रूप से गद्दी समुदाय देसी इलाज के लिए जड़ी-बूटियों पर निर्भर करता है और बीमारियों के लिए जड़ी-बूटियों के ज्ञान की आवश्यकता रहती है I पारंपरिक चिकित्सकों के रूप में चेला और वैद्य के द्वारा किये जाने वाले इलाज पर लोगो का बहुत विश्वास है I विभिन्न प्रकार की पारंपरिक उपचार तकनीकों से उपचार प्राप्त करने ग्रामीण लोग अधिकतर इन्ही के पास जाना पसंद करते है I पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल की तकनीकों में, पारम्परिक चिकित्सा पद्धतिया, आंशिक रूप से सामाजिक जीवन के अन्य क्षेत्रों तक भी फैली हुयी हैं। गद्दी समुदाय विशेष रूप से चरवाहों को जड़ी-बूटियों का विशाल ज्ञान है और वे जड़ी-बूटियों को उपयोगी दवाओं में परिवर्तित करने की प्रक्रिया का ज्ञान रखते है I जबकि पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल प्रणाली की तुलना में एलोपैथिक उपचार तकनीक पश्चिमी विज्ञान पर आधारित है। गद्दी समुदाय बीमारी होने पर अलग-अलग इलाज के तरीकों का इस्तेमाल करता है। गद्दी समुदाय विशेष रूप में ऐसी जगह बसा हुआ है जहा कुछ वर्षो पहले तक किसी प्रकार की सुविधाएं नहीं थी I इस कारण वहा के लोगो ने जड़ी बूटियों ने दवाइयां बनाकर इलाज करना सीखा I प्रस्तुत शोध पत्र इसी विषय के ऊपर इंगित है की इस समुदाय के लोग किस प्रकार का इलाज करते है तथा वर्तमान में युवा वर्ग इस प्रणाली में कितना विश्वास रखता है तथा साथ की साथ इस प्रणाली के सरंक्षण एवं प्रसारण का भी प्रयास किया गया है I गद्दी समुदाय हिमाचल प्रदेश का एक आदिवासी समुदाय है जो पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल प्रणाली में विश्वास करता है I इस कश्तर में शरीर को जड़ी-बूटियों से और मन को कुछ अलौकिक शक्तियों के उपयोग से ठीक करने में सक्षम है। आधुनिक भारतीय शिक्षा प्रणाली ने अभी तक इन पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल सुविधाओं के संरक्षण और संवर्धन में कोई भूमिका अदा नहीं की है। आयुर्वेदिक और एलोपैथिक, दोनों प्रणालियाँ वर्तमान में इस क्षेत्र में साथ-साथ मौजूद हैं। भारत को पूरी तरह से आत्म-निर्भर बनाने के लिए हमें देश के दूर-दराज के क्षेत्रों में आसानी से उपलब्ध होने वाली अपनी पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल सुविधाओं को संरक्षित और बढ़ावा देने की आवश्यकता है। आधुनिक स्वास्थ्य प्रणाली में बढ़ती लागत, तकनीकी जटिलता, निवारक के बजाय उपचारात्मक जैसी कई खामियां हैं और इसकी एक बड़ी आबादी की पहुंच से बहार भी है। लेकिन गद्दी समुदाय को जनजातीय क्षेत्र का दर्जा प्राप्त होने के कारण शिक्षा और अन्य नौकरियां आसानी से उपलब्ध होने के कारण नई पीढ़ी एलोपैथिक उपचार की ओर बढ़ रही है और युवा वर्ग इन पारंपरिक तकनीकों को सीखना नहीं चाहते हैं क्यूंकि यह एक सेवा की तरह है तथा इसमें ज्यादा कमाई नहीं हो पाती। इसलिए यहां इस पेपर के द्वारा शोधकर्ता ने गद्दी समुदाय की पारम्परिक इलाज प्रथाओं को बढ़ावा देने के उपाय सुझाने के साथ-साथ कुछ प्रसिद्ध पारंपरिक इलाज की प्रथाओं को संरक्षित करने की कोशिश की थी। वर्तमान पेपर में शोधकर्ता ने गद्दी स्वास्थ्य देखभाल पढतियों के अनुसार कुछ जड़ी-बूटियों और उनके उपयोगों का उल्लेख करने की कोशिश की और इस पारंपरिक ज्ञान के प्रति युवाओं के दृष्टिकोण पर ध्यान केंद्रित करते हुए भरमौर क्षेत्र के युवाओं पर अध्ययन किया है । अध्ययन के परिणाम निश्चित रूप से नीति निर्माताओं को पारंपरिक स्वास्थ्य देखभाल प्रणालियों के विकास के लिए तदनुसार सोचने और योजना बनाने में मदद करेंगे।

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 Keywords

कीवर्ड: गद्दी समुदाय, हिमालयी चिकित्सक, जड़ी-बूटियाँ, पारंपरिक चिकित्सा प्रणालियाँ।

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 Abstract

Enzyme prodrug therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses enzymes to convert a prodrug, or inactive drug, into an active drug and then kills cancer cells. The various methods of treatment employed in cancer-causing tumor cells are gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy and antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. Enzyme prodrug system has been used for the treatment of colorectal cancer, glioma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian, breast, and various tumor models. This article discusses prodrugs and prodrug types -2 Therapeutics that target cells or tissues like ADEPT, GDEPT, and VDEPT.

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active drug, prodrug, ADEPT, GDEPT

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Bio printing is a new regenerative medical field in which the In-vivo bio-manufacturing of tissues or organs takes place which is driven by two needs one is organ transplantation and the other is accurate tissue models. Bioprinting was first demonstrated in the year 1988 by Klebe. He used standard Hewlett-Packard (HP) inkjet printer to deposit the cells using cytoscribing technology. The ability to create a cell-laden, 3 D structures, that mimic bodily tissues not only in tissue engineering but also in drug delivery and cancer research. For the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds, bioprinting can provide patient-specific spatial geometry, controlled microstructures, and the positioning of various cell types. Over the last few decades, three-dimensional bioprinting has been widely used in the construction of many tissues/organs such as skin, vessels, hearts, and so on, which cannot only lay the groundwork for the grand goal of organ replacement, but can also be used as In-vitro models for pharmacokinetics, drug screening and so on. As conventional techniques are in capable of fabricating constructs with the required structural, mechanical, and biological complexity, there is an increasing demand for alternative fabrication approaches to develop tissues and organs. 3D bioprinting is an additive manufacturing technique that uses a "bioink" to build devices and scaffolds layer by layer. Because organs are so complex, many bioprinting methods are used to overcome the challenges of various applications. Nozzle based techniques such as inkjet and extrusion printing, as well as laser-based techniques such as stereo lithography and laser-assisted bioprinting can yield on cell viability, resolution, and print fidelity. The different fabrication techniques, laser-based, extrusion-based, stereo lithography and inkjet-based bio-printing are defined in this article. The benefits, current research status of each technique in relation to different tissue types, challenges and prospects are discussed.

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3D scaffolds, Extrusion, Stereo lithography, Inkjet, Organ printing, Bioink, Polymers.

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Sandblasting, sometimes known as abrasive blasting, is the operation of forcibly propelling a stream of abrasive material against a surface under high pressure to smooth a rough surface, roughen a smooth surface, shape a surface, or remove surface contaminants. The sand media used in the process is of very small size and travels at a higher pressure, which when done manually causes health hazards and lower productivity than that of machine labour. As a result, an automated sandblasting machine will eliminate operator interference with the process and cycle time, resulting in cost savings for the industry. An automated sandblasting machine is developed that sandblasts the tools in the industry and improves the existing process.

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Automation, Sandblasting, Bead Blasting, 3D Modelling.

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Self-regulated learning is a process, where student plan a task, monitor their performance and reflect their outcome.The present study was intended to find out the self-regulated learning and vocabulary in English among prospective teachers in Kanniyakumari district. Normative survey method was adopted for the present study. The study was conducted on a sample of 400 prospective teachers from selected college of Education from Kanniyakumari district. Self-regulated learning scale and vocabulary proficiency test was used to collect the data. The findings of the study revealed that no significant correlation exists between self-regulated learning and vocabulary in English among prospective teachers. The prospective teachers possess moderate level of self-regulated learning and vocabulary in English. And also the study revealed that locale and type of family are influencing factors in self-regulated learning and vocabulary in English of prospective teachers.

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Self-regulated Learning, Vocabulary in English, Prospective teachers

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This project aims to protect the people against the spread of disease from the affected person and to assist the elderly people's. To Solve this issue, we here design a remote IoT based health monitor robot that allows for remotely monitoring of patients over the internet. The system monitors patient heartbeat pulse, temperature and SpO2 using a temperature sensor and Pulse Sensor respectively. It also assists the patient by providing food, medicine, needy items to them based on the requirement. Also they will monitor the health status and report it to the doctors for the action to be taken regarding this. The quarantine persons feel lonely and it leads to stress. To manage it, the robot will act as a companion for them and it will provide them some activity based on the person interest with the help AI.

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Patients, Robot system protects, Tracking algorithm and Sensor Network.

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This study aimed to finding out the extent familiarity of teachers and students of higher education institutions of Odisha with web 2.0 technologies. Furthermore, it sought the degree of adoption of web 2.0 technologies by teachers and students. A descriptive survey research design was followed for the study. Data were collected from 166 students and 34 teachers of three universities of Odisha namely, Ravenshaw university, Utkal university and Sambalpur University. Stratified random sampling method was used to select the participants. Questionnaire was used for the collection of data from the participants. The results of the study revealed that majority of the students were highly familiar with and were adopting web 2.0 technologies. Teachers were comparatively less familiar with web 2.0 technologies. Teachers' adoption degree of web 2.0 technologies was moderate. The results of the study could be very much useful for all the stakeholders and policy makers of higher education.

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Familiarity, Adoption, Web 2.0 technology, Higher Education

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A study of maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancies beyond 41 weeks of gestation

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Fetal distress, postdated pregnancies, primigravida

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Objective: to study the changing trends in female sterilization, its importance in population control, to analyse the effect of different parameters on acceptance of sterilization, to study the complications in sterilization procedure. Study Design: Prospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital. Results: In the present study total number of 1600 sterilization studied for different parameters. In this series, majority of cases were in between the age group of 21 to 30 years (88 %), commonest indication (87.37 %) was socioeconomic, with 73.18 % urban acceptance, parity of 3 was largest group of cases (46.87 %),majority (54.87 %) of cases were sterilized in puerperium, Majority of only sterilization procedures (54.87 %) were done under local anaesthesia procedure, most cases (99.68 %) were done by abdominal route, early postoperative complications were seen in 7.76 %. Conclusion: Though female sterilization is a very safe, simple and efficacious procedure. constant effort has to be made for promotion of accepting this procedure which has potential ease and successful reversibility if the couple desires for it.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Female sterilisation, tubal ligation, Pomeroy's method

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition