Volume 14 | Issue 5 |

 Abstract

Kamila Shamsie, British Pakistani writer have written her novels to explore social justice, citizenship, identity and many. This research article intends to experience relationships and its values in various circumstances. The novel 'Kartography' carries deep friendship between Raheen and Karim, navigating love and Political tensions in Karachi, Pakistan. In 'Salt and Saffron' Aliya faced tension between rigid social structure and aristocratic family. In both the novels relationships are specifically brought out to make the reader. Raheen's and Karim's character, childhood, friendship, emotional bonding, love in adulthood and Aliya's aristocratic familial structure, its secrets, upper class heritage are symbolized. The extremes of Friendship, childhood experiences, relationship barriers are discussed in Kartography. Partition impacts the life of Shamsies's characters in her novel, and none is exception in the case and their life turns strange after the partition. Ethnic fights are revealed through an accident and the people shown their tension through hatred words. Relationship conflicts are discussed in different perspective.

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Friendship, childhood, partition, Relationship conflicts and identity.

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ABSTRACT Purpose: This study investigates how omnichannel brand consistency -- the congruence of brand identity signals across online platforms and offline retail touchpoints -- influences consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) in the Indian market. India presents a uniquely complex branding environment characterized by coexisting traditional trade (kirana stores, local haats) and fast-growing digital commerce ecosystems (Flipkart, Meesho, JioMart), making brand consistency management an acute strategic challenge. Design/Methodology/Approach: A sequential mediation model was developed and tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) on data collected from 896 urban and semi-urban Indian consumers across four product categories (apparel, electronics, FMCG, and personal care). Online and offline brand touchpoint experiences were measured using adapted scales from established CBBE and brand experience literature. Findings: Omnichannel brand consistency significantly predicts consumer-based brand equity (beta = 0.46, p < 0.001), sequentially mediated by brand trust (beta = 0.31) and brand loyalty (beta = 0.27). The online-offline consistency gap is found to be significantly larger in Tier-2 and Tier-3 Indian cities, where physical brand experience often diverges sharply from digital brand promises, eroding brand trust. Product category moderates these effects: high-involvement categories (electronics) exhibit stronger sensitivity to consistency than low-involvement FMCG categories. Originality/Value: This study is the first large-scale empirical examination of omnichannel brand consistency effects in the Indian consumer market, contributing an adapted Omnichannel Brand Equity (OBE) framework calibrated for emerging market conditions, particularly the unique online-offline duality of Indian retail.

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Keywords: Omnichannel Branding; Brand Consistency; Consumer-Based Brand Equity; Online Branding; Offline Branding; Indian Retail; Brand Trust; Emerging Markets JEL Classification: M31, M37, L81

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Polyherbal products are preferred over single herbal drugs and synthetic drugs in the health care system in respect of hormonal imbalance. The herbal drug products provide added benefits like synergism of various active principles, fewer side effects, consistent therapeutic efficacy and novel market access through easy patent-free life to the formulators. The present work involves the formulation and optimisation of a polyherbal drug product formulation for the treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/Premenstrual Syndrome, general health and augmenting immunity. The proposed herbal drug product was formulated using an herbal ingredient in powder form; the strength of the proposed herbal drug product was 300 mg. In this formulation, the proposed eight herbal drugs, namely Shatavari, fenugreek, fennel seeds, coriander, Tulsi, amla, spearmint and deglycyrrhizinated Liquorice (DGL), along with diluents, namely starch, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and talc, were mixed with lubricant, namely magnesium stearate. Various batches of tablets were prepared and were reformulated to optimise the tablet formulation. The post-compression parameters and phytochemical study reveal the presence of bioactive principles such as saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and volatile oils from the herbs in the herbal drug. The general appearance, weight variation, hardness, friability, thickness, disintegration time and loss on drying of the tablets of the final optimised batch of tablets were found to be within the limit as per pharmacopeial standards. Drug content of approximately 98.8% of the labelled amount was found uniform throughout the dose using UV spectrophotometry from the marker of Shatavari. The hardness of tablets was significantly increased with an increase in binder concentration. In view of the above, the optimised formulation contains eight herbs in the matric form. It contains all the eight herbal drugs in a balanced formulation having adequate mechanical strength and exhibiting the required therapeutic efficacy.

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Polyherbal tablet, PCOS/PMS, Wet granulation, Herbal formulation, Shatavari, Pharmaceutical evaluation, Immunity

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Today, travelling is very popular, but planning travels can be very complicated and time-intensive, since people have to collect information from numerous sources. Additionally, existing systems typically only give users general recommendations without taking into consideration individual preferences such as budget, duration, and interests. Consequently, this can cause confusion and delays in planning. To address this, we propose a solution, Journey Sense AI - Smart Trip Planner, that provides an Artificial Intelligence-based system for simplifying travel planning. Users enter basic information including their destination, financial constraints, amount of time they have available, and what their preferences are, and the application will create a customised travel plan with details regarding hotels, activities, locations and routes for each day of their trip and will do so without requiring any manual searching for travel information.

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Artificial Intelligence, Smart Trip Planner, Travel Itinerary, Personalization

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Seller Shield is a browser extension that detects fraudulent sellers in e-commerce using behavioral analytics and machine learning. Unlike traditional server-based systems, it provides real-time alerts by analyzing reviews, ratings, and discounts directly from product pages. The extension processes data through machine learning to deliver user-friendly risk scores without collecting or selling consumer information. Tested on 350+ real product pages, it achieved 94% feature extraction accuracy, 81% expert prediction agreement, and 89% fraud detection rate without false positives on prime brands. User studies showed 92% found explanations understandable and 87% felt more confident in purchases. The system prioritizes transparency, privacy, and speed.

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E-commerce fraud detection, browser extension, machine learning, behavioral analytics, seller verification, risk scoring, online shopping security, fake reviews detection, transparent fraud detection, privacy-preserving security

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being integrated into healthcare systems for tasks ranging from disease diagnosis and prognosis to drug discovery and personalized treatment recommendations. Despite the promising performance of AI models, their widespread clinical adoption remains constrained by a lack of transparency, explainability, and accountability. Clinicians and patients demand to understand the rationale behind AI-generated decisions, especially in high-stakes medical contexts. This paper proposes a Transparent and Accountable AI (TAAI) framework specifically designed for healthcare applications. The framework integrates Explainable AI (XAI) techniques--including a hybrid SHAP-LIME approach--with a multi-stakeholder audit trail, a fairness evaluation module, and a regulatory compliance layer aligned with GDPR and the EU AI Act. The proposed system is evaluated on a benchmark medical imaging dataset for disease classification. Experimental results demonstrate that TAAI achieves a diagnostic accuracy of 91.4%, an explanation fidelity score of 0.89, a bias detection rate of 87.5%, and a clinician trust score of 4.3 out of 5--outperforming existing XAI-integrated baselines. The framework offers a scalable, standards-compliant pathway to trustworthy AI deployment in clinical environments.

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Explainable AI, Healthcare AI, Transparency, Accountability, SHAP, LIME, Fairness, GDPR, Trustworthy AI, Clinical Decision Support, Bias Detection, Audit Trail

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

EMOTIONAL MATURITY AMONG 16 TO 18 YEARS OF ADOLESCENTS FROM SELECTED COLLEGE

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EMOTIONAL MATURITY AMONG 16 TO 18 YEARS OF ADOLESCENTS FROM SELECTED COLLEGE

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Background: Hamstring flexibility plays a vital role in the performance, agility, and injury prevention of wrestlers. Limited hamstring flexibility is a common problem that can lead to decreased athletic performance and increased risk of muscle strain. Stretching techniques such as Dynamic Stretching (DS) and Hold-Relax Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF-HR) are widely used to improve flexibility, yet their comparative effectiveness among wrestlers remains uncertain. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Dynamic Stretching and Hold-Relax PNF Stretching in improving hamstring flexibility among wrestlers. Methodology: A comparative study was conducted on 36 wrestlers with hamstring tightness, divided equally into two groups. Group A performed Dynamic Stretching and Group B performed Hold-Relax PNF Stretching for 1 week on alternate days. Outcome measures included the 90-90 Straight Leg Raise Test and Knee Range of Motion (ROM) measured pre- and post-intervention using a goniometer. Statistical analysis was performed using paired and unpaired t-tests. Results: Both Dynamic Stretching and Hold-Relax PNF Stretching significantly improved hamstring flexibility within each group (p < 0.05). However, Hold-Relax PNF Stretching showed a slightly greater mean improvement in 90-90 SLR angle and knee extension ROM compared to Dynamic Stretching, though the difference between groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Both stretching techniques are effective in improving hamstring flexibility in wrestlers, but Hold-Relax PNF stretching may offer a marginally better outcome. This finding supports the inclusion of both stretching methods in wrestling warm-up and rehabilitation routines to enhance flexibility and reduce the risk of injury.

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 Keywords

Dynamic stretching, Hamstring flexibility, Hold Relax PNF, Range of Motion, Wrestlers, 90-90 SLR.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The Online Course Platform is a web-based application developed using ASP.NET Web Forms that facilitates seamless learning experiences for students, instructors, and administrators. The platform aims to provide a user-friendly and efficient system for online education, ensuring accessibility and security for all users. Students can register, log in, search for courses, purchase courses, watch course videos, provide reviews, and generate certificates upon course completion. Instructors have the ability to create courses, manage enrolments, generate reports, and update their profiles. Administrators oversee user management, instructor verification, and login functionalities. The system ensures a streamlined course enrolment process, secure payment integration for course purchases, and automated certificate generation. With role-based access control, the platform guarantees secure interactions between users. By leveraging ASP.NET Web Forms, the system delivers a responsive and scalable solution to support online education effectively.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Course Management, Assessment Tools, Adaptive Learning

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract Ayurveda stands as the perennial, preeminent paradigm of medicine, uniquely synthesizing the enhancement of physiological vigor with the eradication of pathology. Central to this tradition is Sushruta, the progenitor of surgical science, who codified a sophisticated taxonomy of interventions including Bheshaja (pharmacotherapy), Kshara (alkaline cautery), and Shastra (sharp instrumentation).Foremost among these is Agnikarma, a thermal parasurgical modality lauded for its definitive efficacy; it is traditionally posited that maladies extirpated via this method are rendered recalcitrant to recurrence. Given that algos (pain) remains a pervasive and debilitating sensory-emotional phenomenon, Agnikarma emerges as a robust, minimally invasive analgesic strategy. The procedure entails the application of precision-targeted thermal energy--delivered via specialized instruments to achieve curative, hemostatic, or postoperative objectives. In the Ayurvedic ontological framework, chronic pain (Ruja) is primarily attributed to the vitiation of the Vata and Kapha doshas. Agni karma facilitates the neutralization of these turbulent bio-energies, mirroring the modern clinical application of therapeutic cauterization to provide profound, lasting relief.

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Keywords: Agnikarma, Kshar, Dosha, Samhita

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