Volume 12 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

This paper investigates the integration of Machine Learning (ML) for anomaly detection within an Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS). We propose a two-pronged approach utilizing Golang and Python. Golang handles real-time network traffic analysis and signature-based detection, while Python tackles data pre-processing, training ML models, and potentially generating synthetic attack data using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). This synthetic data, focusing on anomaly patterns, will be evaluated in a simulated environment to assess its effectiveness in detecting real-world attacks. If successful, the generated data, along with real-world data emphasizing attack severity, will be used to enhance the training dataset, targeting the most relevant threats. This research aims to achieve a balance between real-time performance, improved detection accuracy and reduced false positives while acknowledging the challenges and ethical considerations of implementing ML in IDPS. The project leverages Golang's strengths for a less complex and scalable application, while Python provides the environment for ML development. Trained models will be saved in a format like ONNX for seamless integration with Golang for signature and anomaly-based detection, enabling the system to make informed decisions and generate alarms. Ultimately, this approach aims to simplify the system while enhancing its ability to identify zero-day attacks.

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 Keywords

Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS), Machine Learning (ML), Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Real-Time Network Traffic Analysis, Zero-Day Attacks

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This study investigates customer preferences for Hero bikes, focusing on factors influencing purchasing decisions. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, data was gathered through surveys and interviews with current and potential customers. Key findings reveal that reliability, fuel efficiency, affordability, performance, comfort, design/style, technology/features, and after-sales service significantly impact consumer choices. Additionally, demographic factors such as age, income, and geographic location play a role in shaping preferences. Understanding these preferences is essential for Hero to tailor its marketing strategies and product development to meet the evolving needs of its target market.

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Reliability, Fuel efficiency, Affordability Performance, comfort, design/style Technology/features, and after-sales services

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Women's safety has been highlighted as one of the major concerns of any society where several women are dealing with various safety issues like harassment, rape, molestation, and domestic violence, due to different social or cultural reasons. Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a promising technology to support day-to-day concerns and provide support in handling various affairs. Many IoT-based devices, have been introduced by the community to help women deal with their potential safety threats. The main features these devices offer as well as the wearable, sensors used, and the machine learning algorithms used. The review is carried out by carefully examining and synthesizing the research articles published between 2016 to 2022 in well-reputed research venues. The results revealed that different types of sensors are used to capture the state of women undergoing safety issues where the pulse-rate, and pressure sensors are most commonly used sensors in these devices. In addition, the devices used different technology to transmit the alerts including global positing system (GPS), global system for mobile communication (GSM), and Arduino. Furthermore, several machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression, hidden Markov, and decision trees are used to identify the potential under threat women and help prevent the undesirable situation for women beforehand. It was identified that despite producing notable research in the underlying domain the systems emphasizing auto-activation of alert generation with lesser human interaction and improved accuracies are required to be developed for effectively addressing the concern. In addition to reviewing the literature, this study suggests a taxonomy posing different techniques, features, wearables, and sensors used in IoT-based women safety devices. Furthermore, this work proposes an architectural model that presents prominent components necessary to develop IoT-based women's safety devices. Lastly, this study emphasizes the use of combinations of sensors to get multiple types of input data that could lead to determining the possibility of threat with better accuracies and precisions.

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 Keywords

Women's safety, Internet of Things (IoT), wearable devices, sensors, machine learning algorithms, auto-activation, alert generation, accuracy, precision, architectural model, threat detection

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 Abstract

prdhanmantri mudra yojna ka vishleshnatmak adhyayan

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prdhanmantri mudra yojna ka vishleshnatmak adhyayan

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 Abstract

The early medieval period Daks?in?a Kos?ala witnessed two different kinds of village/land grants, which were in practice. The traditional type includes the villages that were handed to the Bra?haman donees, as well as to their religious institutions, with perpetual character and exemption from all taxes. Throughout the period, such religious village grants were in vogue, which the royalty commonly used to legitimize their political authority. However, we have come across a special provision of Kara-S?a?sanas mentioned in their land grant charters the Somavam?s?ins, as per which the donations were made to the donees with an obligation to pay a yearly fixed amount. These were the second types of village/land donation practice regularly found in the land grant charters of the Somavam?s?ins and the Later Eastern Gan?ga dynasty.

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Keywords: Kara-S?a?sanas, Daks?in?a Kos?ala, Bra?hamanas, Agraha?ras, Gra?ma-gra?sa, Bha?ga, Bhoga, Uparikaras, Hiranya, Nidhis, Upanidhis, Palas, Churnni, Ru?pya, Mura?s, Ma?d?as.

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Job satisfaction is related to many factors of human resource management, organizational behavior, and industrial psychology around the world. It measures employee satisfaction, reducing organizational risk, boosting morale, and increasing productivity. This descriptive study aimed to review existing literature to highlight the significance of academics job satisfaction, address the findings and provide recommendations for further research in private higher education institutions. University's academics' high levels of job satisfaction indicate emotional or mental well-being. Satisfied academics are more productive and contribute significantly to the success of the universities. This review suggests that the management of the organization especially higher education institutions should give more attention to motivate academics and provide job satisfaction benefits for excel their confidence of future life and institutional performance. To meet the objectives of the study, secondary information have been employed from reviewed research journals. Limitations of the review have been acknowledged where the findings prioritized the influencing factors of academics job satisfaction in higher education institutions.

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 Keywords

Job Satisfaction, Academics, Professionalism, Educational Institutions

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

During the early mediaeval period of Daks?in?a Kos?ala, two types of religious village donations were observed: the first was given to the Bra?hmanas (individuals or groups), while the second was given to their temple institutions. These religious endowments were largely issued by the newly emerging ruling dynasty to legitimize their political authority. The charters issued to register village grants were meant to bring religious/spiritual merits to the donors, but they also consolidated the political range of various dynasties trying to penetrate into their peripheries or the interiors of the forest territories. With each new royal dynasty, the practice of giving village grants to these Bra?hmana donees became more common, resulting in the emergence of landed intermediaries who served as a link between the state and the peasantry. The instances and the provisions of the charters which we have outlined above, point to a process in which village grants were intensified, attached with a growing number of privileges bestowed upon the donees, effectively turned these Brahmana beneficiaries and their temple institutions into landed magnates.

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 Keywords

Bra?hmana, Bhat?t?araka, Bhukti, Bali-caru, Sattra, bhat?t?a?raka, Yajn?a, Di?ks?a, Vya?khya?na, Bha?ga, Bhoga, Das?-a?paradhas, Viha?rika?, Visaya, Vais?ya), Bali, Pu?ja?, Naivedya, Kavira?ja, Karan?aka, Sa?dhu, S?re?st?hin, Pu?jha?ri, Ma?d?has, Tithi, Mat?ha, Chu?rn?i?s, Ka?rsha?pan?a, Va?t?is, S?ra?hi, Ma?n?as, hala?.

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Abstract In this paper study the trend and growth of coconut production in Tamil Nadu during the period from 2010-11 to 2019-20. Indonesia is the highest coconut producing country in the world. India accounts for 22.34 per cent of the world's coconut production and is one of the major players in the world's coconut trade. The Karnataka is the highest coconut production 30.83 share of percentage in India level. Coimbatore got the first rank in coconut production in Tamil Nadu level. Status of Tamil Nadu, it is understood that year on year increase of 0.70 per cent when measured in terms of compound rate of 2,966.30 area in hectare in terms of absolute values on the average in area was significant for coconut. But from the coefficient of variation values, it is apparent that the trend and growth in productivity (CV = 16.05) and production (CV = 14.44) is highly inconsistent compared to that of area (CV = 2.21) in coconut. As increase in area was not proportionate to an increase in production, there had been a notable decline (CAGR = -3.13, t = -2.57, p = < 0.01) and productivity (CAGR = -3.81, t = -3.09, p = < 0.05) during the study period.

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Coconut Production, Productivity, Coefficient of Variation (CV), Compound Growth Rate (CAGR) and Linear Growth Rate (LGR).

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There are at least two distinct phases when the Bra?hman?as were migrated to different regions of the Indian sub-continent; the first phase goes back to a time period around 8th century BCE marked by an eastward and southward movement. Large-scale migrations during the early mediaeval period coincided with the second phase of the Bra?hman?ic movement as well. What exactly caused the Bra?hman?as to migrate to different parts of the Indian Subcontinent in the early mediaeval period or during ancient times is unknown. Although the arguments we have at our disposal are theoretical, they provide us insight into the possible causes as they are based on a thorough analysis of historical processes. The primary cause of the initial phase of the Brahman?ic migration was presumably the start of the criticism of their sacrificial ritual practices, which grew increasingly radical and were opposed by the time of Buddhism and Jainism. Bra?hman?ic tradition was gradually replaced by these two major religious practices, which then started to dominate the religious domain in the region. This may have been one of the causes because of which the migration process of the Bra?haman?as started to take place during this time. It is abundantly clear from the epigraphic records that the Bra?haman?as began to migrate from the northern region of the Indian sub-continent to its eastern, western, and southern peripheries during the early medieval period.

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Bra?hman?as, Kara-s?a?sanas, Varn?a-Ja?ti, Gotra, Caran?a, Pravara, S?a?kha?

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A descriptive design with cross sectional survey approach was undertaken to Identify the choice of treatment by the head of the family (decision maker) for the care of the child with respiratory infections in Salem, Tamilnadu among 205 decision makers having children before 14 years of age were selected by purposive sampling method and data were collected from them by closed ended questionnaire. Analysis of findings reveals that highest percentage of the decision maker was the father of the child (63.4%), in the age group of 21 to 30 years (55.2%), had high school education (27.3%), were daily wagers (52.2%), were in the income group of Rs.3001-6000 (47.3%), and highest (72%) percentage of the children were males for the age group of below one year. Most (84%) of decision makers were males and were from nuclear family (79%) and 59.5% got information from neighbours, 47.3% had two children. Most of them preferred home based treatment for common cold, cough, sore throat and pharyngitis except pneumonia, fever and breathing difficulty. And almost all of the decision makers preferred further treatment in specialty hospital when symptoms not cured. No significant association was found between the choice of treatment by the head of the family (decision maker) and demographic variables

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 Keywords

Choice of Treatment, Head of Family, Decision Maker, Care of Child, Respiratory Infections

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition