Volume 12 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

In the today's modern era, Human life style has been completely changed and it is full of competition and advance technologies. Nowadays use of computer, Internet surfing is common and many computer users have Computer vision Syndrome (CVS); its temporary condition resulting from focusing the eyes on a computer display to protected, uninterrupted period of time. According to the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, CVS affects about 90% of people who spend 3 hours or more per day at a computer. Ayurveda refers treatments for CVS is Netra Tarpana, Netra Dhara, Nasya, Shirodhara, Shiro Abhyangam, Shiro pichu, Pada Abhyanga. Asanas, Pranayama and all the yogic practices had a definite purpose. The focusing exercises and Trataka improve the ability to make visual adjustments, the accommodation reflex and concentration and help to stimulate as well as relax the eye muscles. The palming, blinking and splashing exercises relax the eye muscles. Vision is our primary connection with this world. With the help of eyes, we can interact with our surroundings in more than a million ways every second. Computer, the knowledge bank of modern life, has emerged as a profession causing vision related discomfort, ocular fatigue, and systemic effects. Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) is the new nomenclature to the visual, ocular and systemic symptoms arising due to the long time and improper working on the computer and is emerging as a pandemic in the 21st century. Approximately 60 million people suffer from Computer Vision Syndrome globally, which leads to a decrease in productivity at work and Quality of life. Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a condition resulting from focusing the eyes on a computer or other display device for protracted, uninterrupted periods of time. Research shows that between 50% and 90% of people who work at a computer screen have at least some symptoms. Dry eye is a major symptom that is targeted in the therapy of CVS. It is not a very dangerous issue but can cause serious problems; if not get the attention at the time. The goals of Ayurveda treatment for CVS include correcting the vitiation of Vata dosha in body and in the eyes also, relieving the symptoms of dry eyes and correcting the digestive fire and encourage lubrication in the body. The Acharyas have armed us with proper knowledge of Ayurveda to prevent & treat lifestyle disorders related to eye diseases; through explanation of Swasthavritta rules (specially mentioned as Dinacharya) & Yogic practices.

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 Keywords

Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), Quality of Life, Vata dosha, Dry eyes, Ayurveda, Swasthavritta, Dinacharya, Yogic practices.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch applied to the skin to allow a specified drug dose to be absorbed into the bloodstream through the skin. This frequently encourages the healing of a body part that has been hurt. A transdermal patch offers a controlled release of the medication into the patient, typically through either a porous membrane covering a reservoir of drugs or through body heat melting thin layers of medicine embedded in the adhesive. This is an advantage of transdermal drug delivery over other types of medication delivery, such as oral, topical, intravenous, intramuscular, etc. Transdermal medication delivery allows for a constant blood level profile and regulated drug release into the patient, reducing systemic side effects.

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Transdermal system, Matrix system, Reservoir System

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Anjeer, or Ficus carica Linn., is indeed a versatile fruit with a rich history in traditional Unani medicine. Its diverse pharmacological activities make it valuable in treating various health conditions. Apart from its medicinal benefits, Anjeer is also packed with essential nutrients, making it a nutritious addition to one's diet. This review aims to shed light on both the medicinal and nutritional properties of Anjeer, emphasizing its potential health benefits for people. The traditional uses in Unani medicine, its pharmacological activities, and its nutritional composition. Anjeer appears to be a versatile fruit with antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-tuberculosis, antispasmodic, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, and antimicrobial properties. Additionally, its high content of phytochemicals and nutraceuticals contributes to its nutritional value and potential immune-boosting effects. Overall, Anjeer seems to offer a range of health benefits and could be a valuable addition to one's diet and wellness routine.

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Ficus carica linn , Unani medicine , Pharmacological activities , Nutritional value , Health benefits

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The review is based on the literature on manufacturing-related humanoid robots. A compelling argument is made for the subjects related to human-robot interaction. This included a discussion of control methods for humanoid robots that is used in manufacturing after discovering that vision is the most common perception system among sensor heads for these kinds of robots. Thus offer historical context and information on the creation and uses of robotic heads today. When feasible, information is arranged chronologically to highlight trends in control methods, mechanical architecture, scholarly publications, and general philosophy and discovered there are two primary humanoid robot heads that we suggest categorizing as either non-expressive face robots or heads, or robot heads with expressive faces. By this we present their own features and offer a few humanoid robot heads used in human-robot. Robots that can move on their own to achieve their objectives are called mobile robots. An overview of these robots with a focus on manufacturing applications is given in this study. It explains the many types of mobile robots that are employed as well as the standards that should be met when choosing to deploy mobile robots.

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 Keywords

Advance applications, Fundamental ideas, Human robot interaction, Introduction

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The purpose of this study is to find out how well internal auditing works in industrial sectors to improve performance and reduce risks. This study examines many aspects of internal auditing, such as its function in financial control, operational effectiveness, and regulatory compliance, by undertaking an extensive analysis of the literature. Important elements including competency, independence, and quality of internal auditing are looked at to see how they affect the performance of the organization. Also, this study evaluates how well internal audit procedures--risk assessment, audit planning, execution, and reporting--are implemented in order to ascertain how well they work to handle new opportunities and problems in industrial contexts. It also discusses how technology and data analytics can improve internal audit capabilities, highlighting how important they are for spotting fraud, identifying abnormalities, and strengthening decision-making procedures.

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Financial integrity, operational efficiency, risk minimization, organizational success, internal audits, manufacturing industries, and regulatory compliance.

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Artificial intelligence technologies have revolutionized the way we create and manipulate audio, video, images, and text. One of the most notable applications is deepfake content, which uses sophisticated techniques to generate convincing simulations of reality. However, researchers have been developing methods to detect and identify deepfake audio, thus enhancing security in various fields such as media forensics and authentication systems. One such method involves leveraging Mel Spectrograms and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). Mel Spectrograms are visual representations of audio signals that display the frequency components over time. By analyzing these spectrograms, CNNs can be trained to identify patterns and anomalies that indicate artificial alterations in audio content. To develop an effective deepfake detection system, researchers utilized a dataset called Fake-or-Real, which contains a mix of real and deepfake audio samples. The dataset is classified into sub-datasets based on audio length and bit rate, providing a diverse range of samples for comprehensive model training. The trained CNN model can accurately distinguish between real and deepfake audio by identifying subtle or irregularities left behind by deepfake creators. These discrepancies serve as indicators of manipulation and help enhance audio security by automating the detection process. By integrating Mel Spectrograms and CNNs, this approach represents a significant advancement in combating deepfake technology. It offers a promising solution for organizations and individuals looking to protect against misinformation, fraudulent recordings, and other forms of audio manipulation. Moving forward, continued research and refinement of these techniques will further bolster trust and integrity in audio content across various domains, ensuring a safer and more secure digital environment.

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Deepfake Audio Detection, Mel Spectrogram, Convolutional Neural Network

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This study presents a comparative analysis of water quality parameters in urban sites, focusing on the Surma and Kushiyara rivers in Bangladesh. Water samples collected from 2010 to 2013 during rainy and winter seasons were analyzed for key parameters including temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Solids (TS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Suspended Solids (SS). Statistical tests, including Independent Sample t-test and Paired t-test, were employed to evaluate differences between the two rivers. By paired t test, it is found that statistically significant difference exists between temperature, DO, TS and TDS in rainy and winter seasons for the Surma river. For the Kushiyara river, temperature, pH, DO, TS, TDS and SS showed statistically significant difference among rainy and winter seasons. The independent t test among the Surma and the Kushiyara rivers water quality parameters, revealed that only temperature of winter seasons showed statistically significant difference, but all other water quality parameters showed statistically no significant difference between them.

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 Keywords

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Kushiyara, Independent t Test, Paired t Test, pH, Rainy Season, Surma, Suspended Solids (SS), Temperature, Total Solids (TS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Water Quality Parameters and Winter Season.

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The fusion of Infrared technology with Raspberry Pi Pico in this novel underwater communication system represents a paradigm shift in addressing the challenges of underwater data exchange. By harnessing the unique properties of Infrared light, which exhibits minimal attenuation in water, the system achieves efficient transmission over short distances, where traditional wireless methods falter. Raspberry Pi Pico's affordability and versatility empower the system as a cost-effective control unit and data processing platform, enabling modulation of data into IR signals for transmission. This breakthrough not only revolutionizes communication in fields like oceanography, marine biology, and military operations but also paves the way for enhanced capabilities in underwater robotics, where real-time data exchange is pivotal. Beyond its immediate applications, the system's scalability offers promise for broader deployment, facilitating collaborative research endeavors and contributing to a deeper understanding of the underwater world. In essence, the IR Wireless Underwater Communication System utilizing Raspberry Pi Pico embodies innovation at the intersection of technology and exploration, heralding a new era of connectivity beneath the waves.

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Underwater communication, Infrared technology, Raspberry Pi Pico, microcontroller, Data transmission.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Abstract : The most common problem suffered by individuals everywhere over many centuries is cough. Coughing is the protective mechanism of the body. Coughs are classified further accordingly which are depending upon factors such as signs and symptoms, duration, type, character, etc. The most commonly used, prepared and popular dosage form to cure cough and cold is syrup. Syrup is a very popular dosage form of cough and cold medications, which eases patient compliance. By adding the decoction of herbal drugs with a base of honey is helpful to the formulation thick and preserve the formulation. The quality of the final herbal cough syrup was evaluated with parameters such as physical appearance colour, odour, taste, pH, and viscosity. It was found that antitussive activity produced by the herbal formulation in the minimum dose was much better than the standard drug.

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Herbal treatment, Cough, Antimicrobial activity, Honey base.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Organ shortage has been a large issue all over the world, almost for as long as there have been organ transplants. Other than the straightforward issues like the organs not matching between the donor and the recipient, limited availability of suitable donors, logistic problems involved with the transplantation procedure etc., another large problem is the sociological perspective on organ transplantation and donation amongst the potential organ donors. People can, for an array of reasons, be for or against organ transplantation and donation, and that is what this study tries to research. It focuses on eight individuals from Serbia, and their views and opinions on the procedure. It attempts to understand why they think in that way, with the help of five aspects the gift, social capital, religion, planned behaviour and information. It also delves into participants' attitudes towards the new law on organ transplantation in India. The study infers about social perspectives of organ donors indicate they do volunteer works for charity and whenever they found a person need help, they will support immediately as per their convenience. In addition, they donate blood for needy people and goods/clothes to charity. Therefore, they allow people to go ahead of them in a queue, they also offer their seat in a bus or train to a stranger who is standing and they give lift in their car/bike to a stranger. Thus, organ donors are willing to donate their family member's organs after their death and willing to discuss about organ donation with their family members. Thus, they are willing donate their organs after their death, in case if anyone of their family members not willing to donate their organs, they will try to convince them, but any person can change his/her decision after signed for organ donation. Therefore, they are willing to sign as an organ donor in their driving license if requested in future.

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Social perspectives, organ donation, religious beliefs.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition