Volume 8 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Machine learning is an artificial intelligence (AI) application that provides systems with the ability to automatically learn and improve based on experiences without explicit programming. Machine learning is aimed at developing computer programs that can access data and use it for self-study. The main goal is to give computers the opportunity to learn automatically without human intervention and help, and adjust actions accordingly An Intellect of concept drift poses an additional challenge to existing learning algorithms. Detecting concept changes, such as changing customer preferences for telecommunications services, is very important in terms of forecasting and decision-making applications in a dynamic environment. Specifically, for case-based reasoning systems. This paper presents a novel method for detecting concept drift in a case-based reasoning system. Rather than measuring the actual case distribution, we introduce a new competency model that detects differences through changes incompetence. Eight sets of experiments in three categories show that our method is effective in detecting drift concepts and accurately identifying drift efficiency. These results directly contribute to the research that tackles concept drift in case-based reasoning and competence model studies.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Servlet, System Development Life Cycle, and Data Distribution Management

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

In this article, we give a visualisation to a corollary of Napier's Inequality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Visual Proof, Corollary, Napier's inequality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Gender discrimination is one of the major social issues of Indian society. Mahesh Dattani is one of the most important play wrights of Indian English literary world in portraying the issues of Gender discrimination in his plays. The play Tara is the best example of Dattani�s plays in showing Gender discrimination as a major theme. Tara is the major character, who is physically deformed and neglected by her own family. She is discriminated by her family even from her childhood, while performing a surgery of conjoined twins. She loses a limb for her brother and remains physically deformed for the entire life due to the ill thought of her mother and grandfather. They think that Chandan�s leg is more important than Tara�s life. She is not given any opportunities to continue her studies and progress in career whereas Chandan, being a male child gets more priority and attention by all the members of the family. Masculine hegemony is shown as the root cause for the death of Tara in this play. The play pays more attention on the insecurity levels of girl children in Indian families. It brings forth the public that girls are intolerated even in contemporary society in spite of many social reforms and advancements. The play also shows that this social evil is existed even in highly educated families of India. Tara�s mother is shown with negative reflections due to her decision of favouring Chandan by providing a limb from Tara�s body and becoming responsible for her death. Through this play Dattani portrays the sufferings of feminine gender and focuses on gender equality.

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 Keywords

Gender, Discrimination, Conjoined, Opportunities, Masculine, Priority, responsible, feminine

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Current regime of sexual offences in India are gender biased, they contend male to be perpetrators and female to be victims of sexual offences. In the wake of social change, it is quintessential to expand the definitions provided for various categories of sexual offences, to include sexual offences of homosexual nature and recognition of woman as perpetrators to sexual offences. Sodomy criminalizes only a part of homosexual offences therefore not entirely effective. Criminal Law Amendment Bill, 2019 though paves positive step towards gender neutrality of sexual offences but it has not been enforced yet. Beside substantive changes, procedural changes need to be incorporated for proper disposal off gender neutral sexual offences. However, amendment in penal code is just one step towards gender neutrality of sexual offences. Effective change can be possible by collaborating law with judicial recognition of non penetrative rape, elimination of social stigma, generating awareness, and proper sex education.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Gender-neutral sexual offence, Rape of men, Women perpetrators, Homosexual rape, Non penetrative rape

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

A MANET is a type of ad-hoc network that can change locations and configure itself on the fly. Because MANETs are mobile, they use wireless connections to connect to various networks. This can be standard Wi- Fi connections, or another medium, such as a cellular or satellite transmission. A Mobile Sensor Network (MSN) is a collection of mobilize attached sensor nodes. The relation between WSN and MSN is that when WSN is that when WSN nodes are moving they are known as MSN. Routing is a basic step for data exchange in MSN. It becomes essential to design a secure network as it finds applications in different fields where data and communication are important like that in defense areas and disaster rescue operations. The black hole attack is one of the security risks. In this attack, a malicious node falsely advertise or impersonates itself as a valid route for destination and once source selects it as a route, it starts dropping the data packets instead of forwarding. In this work, Zone Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (ZEEP) is one of the protocols which are the modification form of one of the most prominent routing algorithm, ad- hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing, for the MANETs. In this black hole attack in AODV and ZEEP protocols using network simulator and have tried to find that the effect of Black Hole Attack is less effect in ZEEP protocol. Simulations are carried out in the MATLAB and the efficiency of the network in terms of throughput and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End- to- End and Energy Consumption are measured. In this research, I will identify or survey related work done by the various authors in past regarding prevention of the black hole attack in the network.

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 Keywords

AODV, Black hole attack, MANET, ZEEP

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study has been conducted in Solan and Una district of Himachal Pradesh. The areas have been selected purposely for the empirical verification because while district Una falls in low altitude where as, district Solan falls in the mid altitude of Himachal Pradesh. There are five development blocks in Una district (Una, Amb, Gagret, Haroli and Bangana) and five development blocks in Solan district (Dharmpur, Kandaghat, Nalagarh, Solan and Kunihar). All the ten blocks of the two panchayats have been selected for the study. A list of villages has been arranged in an ascending order on the basis of their respective population and one village from each development blocks are selected randomly. The size of holdings considered viz. marginal (0-1 hectares), small (1-2 hectares), medium (2-4 hectares) and large size of holding (about 4 hectare area). 404 households are selected randomly in the study area. Agriculture is the main occupation adopted by 72.66 per cent marginal 75.86 per cent small and 70.67 per cent medium farmers and 71.08 per cent large. The maximum number of cash crop growers belong to the general category i.e. 38.57 per cent marginal, 35.04 per cent small and 38.60 per cent medium and 40.0 per cent. The sex ratio has been defined as the number of females per thousand males in the population. The sex-ratio among the all sample households has been worked out 966 females per thousand males.

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 Keywords

Cash Crops, Cultivator , Labour Force, Consumer Unit and Standard Mandays

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: The Corporate Social Responsibility which popularly known by its acronym CSR is the integral function of the Industries and Socio-Economic, Health firms etc. So far Indian CSR practices concerned, the 19th and most probably 20th century colonial Indian industrialists tried to do philanthropic activities in rural areas and in the field of education and Health though it was not the integral part of the industry. This paper tries to find out the meaning and functioning of the CSR so as to understand the jargon of CSR. It also finds why the Multinational Corporations as well as certain industries even not multi-national are engaged into the practices of CSR. Are there any motives behind conducting CSR activities? Whether it is for Social cause or for the Company to stay in a limelight of the Stock Market? Actually, the CSR systems are held to legitimise the functions of the corporation by influencing stakeholders� and society�s perceptions towards it. These CSR activities are held to build corporate reputation which will increase the consumer base for them. This paper tries to show the findings about CSR understanding by the firms which are actually involved into business practices. Whether social responsibility is imposed or these corporations themselves adopting these CSR Practices? What are the areas which can be addressed by the CSR? Are there different CSR of the Stock listed companies and non-stock-listed Companies? The paper have also taken samples of the CSR functioning firms and authorities and have tried to reveal the findings of CSR.

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Corporate; Philanthropy; Legitimise; Stock-listed; Stakeholders

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract With an ever-increasing access to more forms of literature, language can be taught in more innovative and engaging ways. Language is a subject based on rules and can often cause monotony. If a teacher only sticks to the rules, it can cause students to lose interest, composure and hence cause errors. Comics can be very effectively used to teach language due to multiple reasons � It has pragmatic intelligence as comics generally have a narrative, plot, or emotion captured in very few frames, it can be used in multiple ways such as role plays, writings, etc. and it also has colloquial language which is beneficial to introduce, even mundane concepts. These aspects of comics brand it as a source of literature. This paper focuses on how comics, which are a source of literature, can also be considered as a reliable tool in language teaching. The pedagogy used in comics promotes target language through student centered work and group work, and it also promotes use of higher-level thinking skills such as analysis by comparing panels, and synthesis by creating a comic. A comic strip can be used in multiple ways and promote different skill sets such as fill in the blanks (grammar and vocabulary), jigsaw (analytical skills), creating comic (creativity), sentences (grammar and vocabulary). Comic books also provide authentic material to depict how grammar is used in conversations as opposed to sentences without background. They are funny and will engage the students. It also promotes learning different cultures as comic books are used across the world which will further boost vocabulary. Themes: Comics is a source of Literature and an effective tool of Language Teaching.

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 Keywords

Literature, Pragmatic intelligence, Pedagogy, Grammar, Vocabulary, Culture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Today corona virus outbreak has hit millions of lives across the world. And the rising threat of this virus is continuously increasing every day. Countries affected with corona virus are now taking major steps to address it using AI and big data technologies. The rapid, global spread of COVID-19 has brought advanced big data analytics tools to the front and center, where entities from all sectors of the healthcare industry are seeking to monitor and reduce the blow of this virus. This paper is an approach to determine the use of data analytics and AI to collect, analyze and predict different models, equations etc of the outbreak that help to fight against novel corona virus.

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 Keywords

COVID-19, RIP, BlueDot, NLP, SIR

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The present research paper makes a modest attempt to explore and contradict the issues of gender and society prevalent during the Victorian era represented in the short story �Malachi�s Cove� by Anthony Trollope. A woman during this era was expected to be trained in the domestic sphere to build the family and nurture her husband and children. Trollope breaks this notion through the portrayal of his character Mally Trenglos.Trollope the reformer and the reformation of his female character in relation to gender, social class and genre are the intertwined subjects of this research article. It focuses on the gender and the portrayal of the female protagonist as it emerges in the short story. It also gives a clear picture about the stereotypical Victorian women and how Trollope has violated this notion through his short story.

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 Keywords

Victorian women, gender, society, stereotype

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition