Volume 14 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

This paper delves into the dualism of mind and body in the novel If I Stay written by Gayle Forman. The author has beautifully portrayed the in-between state of the character in the select novel. The protagonist Mia experiences an out-of-body state, occurred as an aftermath of traumatic accident. Also, the paper clearly depicts the independency of consciousness from a physical body. The Philosophical term dualism within modern fiction by asserting through intense text analysis shows that, the identity of the character in the novel is deeply rooted in the characters consciousness rather than the body. Forman uses the threshold of liminal space as an exploration of psychological grounds. Among this the protagonist is forced to live among her absolute loss. The primary text uses the evidences to portray the survival as a radical act of human agency rather than a biological inevitability.

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 Keywords

In-between state, Heaviness, Loss, loneliness, liminal, responsible, choice, and identity

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 Abstract

Preventive healthcare is a fundamental principle of Ayurveda, emphasizing the preservation of health through regulation of lifestyle and behaviour. The concept of disease prevention is systematically elaborated in the Roganutpadaniya Adhyaya of Ashtanga Hridaya (Sutra /Sthana, Chapter 4), which highlights the avoidance of etiological factors (Nidana Parivarjana) and the importance of maintaining physiological balance. Among these, the concept of Adharaneeya Vega (non-suppressible natural urges) plays a crucial role, as their suppression (Vega Dharana) is identified as a significant cause of disease manifestation. Aim: To analytically evaluate Roganutpadaniya Adhyaya as a preventive healthcare model with special reference to Adharaneeya Vega and its role in maintaining health and preventing disease. Materials and Methods: This study is a conceptual and analytical review based on classical Ayurvedic literature, primarily Ashtanga Hridaya, along with supporting references from other classical texts and contemporary biomedical literature. Data were collected through textual review and interpreted using a comparative analytical approach to correlate Ayurvedic concepts with modern physiological understanding. Results: The study reveals that Adharaneeya Vegas represent essential physiological reflexes necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis. Suppression of these urges leads to disturbance in Dosha, impairment of normal physiological processes, and obstruction of bodily channels (Srotas), thereby initiating disease pathogenesis. Each suppressed urge is associated with specific clinical manifestations. Modern correlations suggest that these urges are regulated by neurophysiological and autonomic mechanisms, and their suppression may contribute to functional and psychosomatic disorders. Conclusion: Roganutpadaniya Adhyaya provides a comprehensive preventive framework in Ayurveda, wherein the proper management of Adharaneeya Vega serves as a key strategy for disease prevention. This concept holds significant relevance in the context of modern lifestyle disorders, highlighting the need to respect natural physiological urges to maintain holistic health.

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 Keywords

Adharaneeya Vega, Roganutpadaniya Adhyaya, Ashtanga Hridaya, Preventive Ayurveda, Vega Dharana, Lifestyle Disorders

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Mental health has emerged as a critical component of overall well-being, yet its understanding, acceptance, and accessibility remain uneven across different demographic groups. In the Indian sociocultural context, women occupy complex and multifaceted roles that often expose them to unique psychological stressors while simultaneously limiting their ability to seek help. This qualitative exploratory study aims to examine the awareness, coping strategies, and barriers to mental health among women aged 25-55 residing in Bengaluru. Findings indicate that while awareness of mental health has increased across all age groups, it is often conflated with general stress or emotional discomfort. There is insufficient awareness of the professional resources available to help. Coping strategies were found to be deeply rooted in cultural and relational contexts, with a strong reliance on family support, spirituality, and avoidance-based mechanisms. Significant barriers to help-seeking include lack of awareness of professional psychological help, stigma, time constraints, financial limitations, and deeply internalized gender roles that prioritize caregiving over self-care.

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 Keywords

mental health, women, qualitative research, coping strategies, awareness

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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With the introduction of digital payments and the likes of QR transactions and web-based services, individuals become increasingly vulnerable to falling prey to cyber fraud. This can happen if one receives emails from unidentified sources, visits harmful links, or incorrectly uses QR codes and UPI transactions. As per some research papers, it has been found that despite being able to control frauds in some areas, we still cannot align ourselves well enough. In this literature review, I will discuss Sotrian, an online platform using computer algorithms such as logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoost for predicting fraudulent behavior in email and URL links, QR code scans, and UPI transactions. The developers behind Sotrian utilized technologies like Next.js and Python to create this web app and include a dashboard for viewing analytics of detected fraudulent activity. In this context, Sotrian plays a vital role in bridging the existing gap in anti-fraud measures. Specifically, it combines unique aspects of the discussed frameworks and implements them in a unified approach for monitoring and analyzing online behavior, making it more efficient and user-friendly. In summary, Sotrian represents a web platform focused on fraud detection within digital payments and QR transactions, web-based services, and email communications.

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 Keywords

Fraud Detection, Machine Learning, Phishing Detection, QR Code Fraud, UPI Fraud, Sotrian Platform, Multidomain Security

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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ABSTRACT Globally, ecological stability, public health, and socioeconomic growth are all under serious risk from climate change, disproportionately affecting vulnerable groups. This study critically examined the primary purpose of social marketing as a tactical communication tool to support climate change adaptation and mitigation. This study examined how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control affect environmentally sustainable activities. It is based on behavioral theories such as the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). In creating interventions that promote behavioral change at the individual and group levels, it emphasizes the value of Community-Based Social Marketing (CBSM) and the 8Ps framework (product, price, place, promotion, policy, partnerships, publics, and purchase strings). Furthermore, the paper advocates inclusive, participatory methods that incorporate local knowledge systems and prioritize policy lobbying, technological innovation, and awareness-raising tactics centered on infotainment. This study offers a thorough approach to promoting sustainability, resilience, and public participation in climate governance by fusing social marketing concepts with climate action. In light of growing climate issues, the results highlight the transformative power of social marketing in influencing policy discourse and pro-environmental behavior.

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Development Communication, Social Marketing, Climate Change, Mitigation, Sustainability, Community Engagement, Policy Advocacy, Capacity Building, Environmental Communication, Sustainable Practice.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In contemporary transnational literature, language has emerged as a critical site for negotiating identity, belonging, and cultural transformation. This paper examines the phenomenon of linguistic exile, defined as the deliberate adoption of a non-native language for literary expression. Through a qualitative textual analysis of works by Jhumpa Lahiri and other multilingual authors, the study explores how self-translation and linguistic displacement reshape narrative voice and identity construction. Drawing on postcolonial theory and sociolinguistics, the paper argues that linguistic exile produces hybrid literary forms and redefines the relationship between language and selfhood. The findings contribute to interdisciplinary debates in literary studies, migration theory, and language identity

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Linguistic Exile and Identity Reconstruction in Transnational Literature: A Study of Self-Translation and Cultural Belonging

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Abstract - The quick rise in electric vehicle (EV) usage has led to a bigger need for sustainable and smart charging solutions. Traditional EV charging stations that rely on the power grid can cause stress on the grid and lead to higher carbon emissions, especially if the electricity comes from fossil fuels. Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems offer a more sustainable and localized option. This paper introduces the design, setup, and testing of a low-power solar-powered EV charging station that uses battery storage and a web-based monitoring system built with Raspberry Pi Pico W. The system includes a 12V solar panel (20W-50W), DC-DC converters for voltage control, circuits to measure voltage and current, and a Next.js dashboard for real-time monitoring. The system is organized into three main parts: the power section, control section, and cloud interface for smart monitoring. We also compare this system with traditional grid-based charging stations. The results show that the system can generate 85-220 W of energy daily, with a converter efficiency of 88-92%, and it can reduce about 60 kg of CO? annually. This system is a viable option for academic projects, charging for small electric vehicles, and decentralized renewable energy setups.

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Keywords: Electric Vehicle Charging, Solar Photovoltaic, IoT Monitoring, Raspberry Pi Pico W, Renewable Energy, Smart Charging Infrastructure.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The Solar Powered Smart Lawn Mower is an eco-friendly and automated grass cutting system designed to reduce human effort and dependency on conventional fuel-based machines. The system uses solar energy stored in a battery to power DC motors, enabling blade rotation and movement. The integration of a microcontroller allows smart control, obstacle detection, and efficient operation. This project demonstrates the application of renewable energy and automation in agricultural and domestic lawn maintenance

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Solar Energy, Smart Lawn Mower, Renewable Energy, Grass Cutting Machine, Arduino Controller, Ultrasonic Sensor, DC Motor

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Cow milk, sound speed, density, statistical analysis and quality assessment

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Teaching is associated with significant occupational stress, and coping strategies play a critical role in managing stress. Institutional differences may influence coping patterns among teachers.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Coping strategies, teachers, stress, government schools, private schools

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition