Volume 8 | Issue 4 |

 Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have a set of algorithms and protocols with self-establishing capabilities. These sensors work with each and every different to sense some bodily phenomenon after which the information gather is processed to get relevant outcomes. These sensor nodes can calculate, sense, and assemble particulars from the atmospheres and based totally on some nearby decision process, they are in a position to transmit the sensed files to the person. The battery is the foremost electrical energy grant in a sensor node and secondary energy supply that harvests energy from the atmospheres together with photo voltaic panels may additionally be brought to the node depending on the appropriateness of the atmospheres where the sensor will be diffuse. Clustering is the method which performs the grouping of similar nodes and then starts communicating into the clusters. Security can be finished by means of encrypting and decrypting the facts and make them unable to read that from the malicious users. Cryptography is the useful technique which contains symmetric and asymmetric methods. In this paper we find out about about WSN and its utility or a number of assaults which exist in the sensor community in the middle of paper we talk about a variety of existing technique and it�s working. Various assaults are carried out in this community such as passive and lively assaults or insider and outsider attacks. The wireless network always required protection in the form of information integrity, confidentiality, authenticity and etc.

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 Keywords

WSN; attacks; security; security issues;

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

5G networks appoint multicarrier modulations (MCM)s along with filtered-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (F-OFDM) and standard filtered orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (UF-OFDM) as a solution to triumph over the demanding situations of excessive statistics fees and spectral efficiency [1]. However, MCMs have high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) which drives the energy amplifier (PA) within the linear location ensuing within the decreased performance. To conquer this hassle PAPR need to be reduced [1-4]. In this paper, precoding based PAPR reduction strategies which includes Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Cosine Transform DCT) and Zadoff-Chu Transform (ZCT) are carried out the use of MATLAB for F-OFDM and UF-OFDM systems. Comparison analysis suggests that Zadoff-chu Transform precoding method for PAPR reduction offers higher effects. Hence, ZCT precoding is proposed for both FOFDM and UF-OFDM systems. Simulation effects display that proposed technique lowers down the strength spectral density (PSD) tails on the PA output, reduces PAPR and immediately to average electricity ratio (IAPR) and conserves the bit mistakes rate (BER) within the AWGN channel

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 Keywords

Keywords 5G, UF-OFDM, F-OFDM, peak to average power ratio (PAPR), IAPR, precoding, Zadoff-Chu Transform (ZCT), Power Spectral Density (PSD), BER

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 Abstract

Fuel cells offer the possibility of zero-emissions electricity generation and increased energy security. We review here the current status of solid oxide (SOFC) and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEMFC) fuel cells. Such solid electrolyte systems obviate the need to contain corrosive liquids and are thus preferred by many developers over alkali, phosphoric acid or molten carbonate fuel cells. Dramatic improvements in power densities have been achieved in both SOFC and PEMFC systems through reduction of the electrolyte thickness and architectural control of the composite electrodes. Current efforts are aimed at reducing SOFC costs by lowering operating temperatures to 500�800 � C, and reducing PEMFC system complexity be developing �water-free� membranes which can also be operated at temperatures slightly above 100 � C.

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 Keywords

Fuel cells; Solid electrolytes; Electroceramics; Polymers; Platinum group metals

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Diabetic Retinopathy is a disorder of the retina as a result of the impact of diabetes on the retinal blood vessels. It is the major cause of blindness in people like age groups between 20-60. As polygenic disorder proceeds, the eyesight of a patient may commence to deteriorate and causes blindness. In this proposed work, the existence or lack of retinal exudates are identified using Machine Learning(ML). To detect the occurrence of exudates features like Mean, Standard deviation, Centroid, and Edge Strength. Image segmentation is a technique of partitioning image pixels depending on one Support Vector Machine (SVM) which allows pixels to remain in various categorizations with multiple degrees of membership.

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 Keywords

Machine learning,Segmentation

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Outdoor snap shots Outdoor images which might be captured in inclement climate are degraded because of elements like haze and fog. This element diminishes the visibility of the picture. Haze is shaped due to two essential phenomena namely, attenuation and the air light. Attenuation reduces the scene contrast and air mild increases the whiteness within the scene. Images may additionally comprise impulse noises which might be produced with the aid of the sensor and circuitry of image-shooting devices like digital cameras. This venture gives a dehazing a unmarried hazy picture and video. A linear depth model is used to attain the scene intensity of the hazy photograph. With the intensity map, we will effortlessly estimate the airlight and transmission map. Now the scene radiance can be restored through atmospheric scattering version to attain the haze-loose picture. The visual excellent of the output image is an awful lot better than the unique enter photograph

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 Keywords

Dehaze, Denoise, Adapative, Haze,Picture

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Background:Low birth weight newborns admitted in NICU are usually exposed to stressful environment and are deprived of tactile stimulation. Massage seems to help in reducing stress and improving weight and behavioural response .The present study was undertaken with objective to assess the weight and behavioural response of newborns before coconut oil massage, Evaluate effectiveness of coconut oil massage on weight and behavioural response among the low birth weight newborns. Material and Method: A experimental study was conducted to evaluate the Effect of coconut oil massage on changes in weight and behavioural response among low birth weight newborns admitted at Pravara rural hospital, Loni (Bk). The sample consisted of 15 newborns of experimental group and 15 newborns control group, sampling technique used for present study was non probability, purposive sampling technique. was used prepared to collect the data. descriptive Inferential statistics were used to analyzed the data according to objectives and hypothesis. Results: The result of study found that the coconut oil massage is effective to increase the weight of newborns as control group mean score (1838 grams) increase to experimental means score (1900 grams), and total weight gain for control group was (27 gram) and experimental group was (134 grams) and it also enhance behavioural response as ( Cal t= 7.09) Conclusion: The major conclusion drawn from this study is that the coconut oil was found to be effective in improving the weight and behavioural response among newborns. This study concludes that massage was beneficial in increasing the weight and improving the behavioural response of low birth weight newborns than the newborns who did not received massage.

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 Keywords

Low birth weight ,Effectiveness, Coconut oil massage, Changes in weight and behavioural response.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Image, Edge detection, biometrics, sobel, canny

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Abstract: Now a day�s car monitoring device is getting tremendous reputation due to the fact of the growing variety of the stolen vehicles. Vehicle theft is happing on parking locations and now and again riding in unsecured places. This paper explores how to keep away from this type of stealing and presents greater protection to the vehicles. The gadget incorporates single board embedded gadget which is geared up with GSM and GPS alongside with microcontroller established in the vehicle. The car starts off evolved solely when enrolled fingerprint fit in any other case it sends messages to the car owners. Using GSM and GPS applied sciences song the vehicle, it gives each latitude and longitude distance of the vehicle. The gadget is very easy with increased protection for automobile anti -theft safety and additionally low fee method in contrast to others.

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GSM,GPS AND FINGERPRINT TECHNOLOGY

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Urban areas around the world are playing critical role in making wealth, attractive social development and, drawing investment. Cities play a serious role in driving the transition to sustainable development and promise better access to improved social infrastructure such as health, education, culture and entertainment among others and a range of physical infrastructure namely water, power, sewerage, sanitation, roads and transportation to upgrade the quality of life of its inhabitants. As countries develop, cities and urban settlements account for a larger share of the national income. Thus the concern of the study was to illustrate lessons for India on Urban Development approach with the help of studding changing global scenario in not only to developed countries but as well as developing countries. The study concluded with very useful reflection on our own policies and work towards redesigning Urban Development approach.

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Urban Development, Urban Development Policy, Urbanization, Industrialization, Decentralization, Infrastructure

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In the present study the nanocomposite membrane were fabricated from Graphene oxide/ Polyvinyl alcohol (GO/PVA),Sulfonated Graphene oxide /Polyvinyl alcohol (SGO/PVA) nanofibers via electrospinning. Nanofibers were aimed to fabricated to develop the Chemical, thermal and mechanical stability of the composite membranes.The fabricated membranes were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),XRD and Thickness. Due to the strong interactions between the polymer and the metal oxide nanoparticle will embedded in the SGO/PVA composite. As a result, investigated SGO/PVA nanocomposite membranes have good potential for the Proton Exchange Membrane and it enhance the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Electro spinning, Graphene oxide, Nanofiber, Sulfonated Graphene oxide

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition