Volume 12 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The research examines key financial metrics using a paired samples t-test, focusing on Beta, Sharpe Ratio, Jenson's Alpha, and Treynor Ratio. It finds no significant differences in these metrics, suggesting stability. However, the Sharpe Ratio changes significantly, indicating a shift in risk-adjusted returns. The research also provides insights into Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) and mutual fund performance, offering practical applications and real-world insights into mutual fund performance. It contributes valuable insights into the performance dynamics of the analysed financial instruments, serving as a valuable resource for researchers, investors, and financial practitioners alike

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ETFs (Exchange-Traded Funds) Nifty Bees ETF Gold ETFs SEC-registered investment companies Authorized Participants NAV (Net Asset Value) Mutual funds Co-integration Market index returns Securities transaction taxes Pension fund universe

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Abstract: In the present investigation acute toxicity bioassay tests were conducted at various concentrations of Cadmium nitrate ranging from 0.6 to 1.2 mg/l freshwater fish, Channa Puncatatus for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The acute toxicity values were determined as 0.90, 0.77, 0.57 and 0.52 ppm respectively under laboratory conditions. These LC50 values showed that the chemical is highly toxic to the fish. Then the fish were exposed to sub lethal concentrations 96 h LC50 0.52 ppm and studied the significant changes histopathoogical changes in stomach and intestine of freshwater fish Channa puntatus. The intestine shows normal structure in control fish but in exposed fish degenerative effect is evident in the mucosal lining and villi of the intestine, rupture of villi at the tip and cracked clay appearance, degeneration of Circular muscle layer swelling in lamina propria were noticed. In the exposed fish stomach shows columnar epithelial cells, degeneration on mucosa, degeneration of villi, Vacuoles in muscular layer, swelling of lamina propria reduction and fusion of stomach microvilli degenerate of the sub mucosal zone. The microvilli lost their normal appearance and become highly folded and vacuole formations, shrinkage of villi were noticed.

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Key Word: LC50, Stomach, intestine, Channa punctatus, Cadmium nitrate.

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The following exploratory article, by a high schooler, seeks to understand shrinkflation, problems created by it and consumer psychology by drawing an analogy between the practice of 'hidden inflation' by companies and a fullback defender in football/soccer (the author plays that position).

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consumer psychology ,hidden inflation

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Antioxidants are pivotal in safeguarding cellular health by counteracting oxidative stress, a process implicated in various diseases and aging. This paper delves into the significance of antioxidants in combatting free radicals, unstable molecules that inflict cellular damage and inflammation. Natural sources of antioxidants, including fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and spices, are highlighted, emphasizing the benefits of a diverse and balanced diet for optimal health. The study focuses on three natural oils--turmeric oil, tulsi oil, and sunflower oil--evaluating their antioxidant properties and potential skincare applications. Turmeric oil, derived from the rhizomatous herb Curcuma longa, showcases significant antioxidant effects attributed to compounds like curcumin. Various assays demonstrate its efficacy, positioning it as a promising natural antioxidant for both food and cosmeceutical products. Sunflower oil, rich in vitamin E and phenolic compounds, exhibits notable antioxidant properties, making it a valuable component in combating oxidative stress and promoting health. Additionally, tulsi oil, extracted from Ocimum sanctum, showcases diverse medicinal attributes, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiviral effects. Its flavonoid-rich composition highlights its potential as a radioprotector and skincare ingredient. It discusses general methods for detecting antioxidant properties, such as DPPH and ABTS assays, providing insights into the evaluation of antioxidant efficacy. The study underscores the potential of turmeric, tulsi, and sunflower oils as natural antioxidants for skincare formulations, aligning with consumer preferences for safe and effective products derived from natural sources. Further research and formulation advancements are warranted to optimize their efficacy and stability in skincare applications, offering innovative solutions for maintaining healthy and radiant skin.

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Antioxidant, inflammation, Free Radicals, Degeneration, Collagen

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Online education has brought a positive impact in the lives of students and working professionals. It has given an opportunity to take up additional courses along with their studies or job as per their convenience. In the era of digitalization scope of online education increase even more and will be beneficial for students, professionals and also institutions. A comparative study between classroom study and online study watch carried out. The study was done by examining the findings recorded in books and journals on the applicability online learning to students. In conclusion, online learning is beneficial to the students, tutors and the institution offering these courses' would therefore recommend that online learning be implemented on all learning institutions and research on how to improve this learning process should be carried out.

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Deschooling, Weapon, Covid 19, Pandemic

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Introduction: CSF is a clear body fluid, occupying between arachnoid mater and the pia mater. It is formed in the choroid plexus. Infection of the meninges by various pathogens is termed as meningitis. The aetiology of meningitis can be bacterial, viral and tubercular. Differentiating bacterial from non-bacterial types is important in deciding the treatment as bacterial meningitis is more prone for life threatening neurological complications and require immediate parenteral antibiotics as compared to non- bacterial antibiotics. The present study is done to evaluate the cytological findings of CSF, along with the clinical history to classify the various types of meningitis. Materials and Methods: The present study has been undertaken in the Department of Pathology, Dhiraj Hospital, for a period of one year. Lumbar puncture was performed. The direct cell count was done manually using Improved Neubauer counting chamber. Sediment smears were done and stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin, Giemsa stain and special stains like India ink as and when required. Results: The total body fluids evaluated during the study period were 385. CSF accounted for 100 samples. The range of age the group varied, between new-borns to 90 years of age. Out of 100 cases of CSF fluid, 83 were normal, 15 were viral, 2 were bacterial. The cell count results were correlated with glucose and protein values accordingly. Conclusion: This study makes an effort to use the cost effective diagnostic procedure to enable early diagnosis and prompt treatment, which in turn reduces mortality.

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CSF, Meningitis, Bacterial, Viral.

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 Abstract

KUVEMPU TEJASWI AVARA SAHITHYA STHALEEYA JNAANA MATTU LOKANIRMITHI

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KUVEMPU TEJASWI STHALEEYA JNAANA LOKANIRMITHI

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SIKKIM SAMSKRUTHI ACHARANEGALU

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SAMSKRUTHI ACHARANEGALU SIKKIM

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Gastrointestinal disorders is the term used to refer to any condition or disease that occurs within the gastrointestinal tract. The organs that make up over GI tract are our mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus. Common gastrointestinal disorders include celiac disease, constipation, chron's disease, diarrhoea, diverticular disease, GERD, haemorrhoids, anal fissure, IBS, Lactose intolerance, malabsorption, colorectal cancer, peptic ulcer disease, ulcerative colitis etc. Basti is a procedure where in medicated oil/kashayam is given through the anal route which gets absorbed in the intestine with the action of medicines. It nourishes the body, pacifies the vata. Major site of vata is colon area. Piccha basti is a type of basti explained by our Acharya's in various samhita. It is said to be useful in Atisara, Guda bhransha, Pravahika, Rakta srava, Jwar, Pitta atisara, Shotha, Gulma, Sarakta Malapravartan, Grahani, Vatarakta, Virechan atiyog etc. Here an attempt is made to gather information about different types of piccha basti mentioned by our acharyas in different samhita of ayurveda

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Gastrointestinal disorders, Basti, Piccha Basti

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