Volume 12 | Issue 3 |

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ABSTRACT The objective of this research study is to analyse the growth of MSMEs in the Indian state of Jharkhand from 2018 to 2023.The study is based on secondary data analysis of MSME accounts and financial amounts reported in annual reports and data from State Level Bankers Committee, Government of Jharkhand. The key objectives are to analyze the year-wise trends in the number of MSME accounts and financial amounts across micro, small and medium enterprise categories. The results reveal fluctuating trends, with micro enterprises experiencing a sharp increase in accounts till 2021 followed by a decline, while small and medium enterprises showed relatively stable account numbers. In terms of financial amounts, micro enterprises witnessed a consistent increase, whereas small and medium enterprises had periods of growth and decline. The year 2023 saw significant growth in financial amounts across all three categories compared to 2022. The paper highlights the crucial role of MSMEs in employment generation and economic development, while emphasizing the need for continued policy support to address challenges faced by this vital sector. The findings provide insights into the performance and progress of MSMEs in Jharkhand, contributing to the understanding of this important segment of the state's economy.

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KEYWORDS: MSMEs, GDP, Enterprises, economic issue, Entrepreneurship

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A shopping center is defined as a group of retail stores and other service-providing establishments usually dedicated to supporting and serving a particular neighborhood or community. Shopping centers are not just places to buy products or service. They provide numerous advantages to the community they are located in. Shopping centers provide a one-stop shop for all your needs. This not only saves time and money for the consumers but also supports local businesses. This study reveals that the customer perception towards lulu hypermarket and to give suggestion to improve the satisfaction level of lulu hypermarket in Coimbatore city.

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Shopping Centre, community, consumer, satisfaction

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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An extensive analysis of Hindustan Unilever Limited's (HUL) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives in India is presented in this research study. HUL, one of the top manufacturers of consumer goods in the nation, is a leader in tackling a range of social, Economic, and environmental issues through its CSR programs. This study researches the nature, extent and impact of HUL's CSR activities across several dimensions, such as community development, environmental sustainability etc. The study is based on the secondary sources like business reports, scholarly literature, and annual report of HUL. By analyzing these sources, the research offers valuable insights into the evolving CSR landscape in India. Ultimately, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on CSR in Indian corporate sector and underscores the significance of corporate citizenship in driving positive societal change and sustainable development. It explores the growth of CSR and its activities undertaken by the company in India, aiming to make the planet a better place for future generations.

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Corporate Social Responsibility, CSR activities, HUL, Social Community Development, Environmental Contribution

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The use of facial recognition technology has been widely embraced in a variety of fields, from tailored user experiences to security systems. But as facial recognition systems are used more frequently, they are becoming more vulnerable to threats like facial spoofing. In order to fool the underlying recognition algorithms and jeopardize the integrity and security of the system, facial spoofing entails presenting fake facial data. For face recognition systems to be consistent and successful in practical applications, the problem of facial spoofing detection must be solved. Conventional methods to spoofing detection have frequently depended on manually created features or shallow learning models, which may find it difficult to generalize to a variety of spoofing methodologies and changes in position, lighting, and facial expressions. Methods based on deep learning have shown promise in recent years as a means of improving the adaptability and accuracy of face spoofing detection. Among these, by utilizing hierarchical feature representations, Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN) have shown outstanding performance in object detection tasks. Simultaneously, the Haar Cascade Algorithm has been widely implemented to perform efficient object recognition in pictures, specifically for facial recognition. As an important preprocessing step in face recognition pipelines, the Haar Cascade Algorithm uses a cascade of classifiers to recognize features of the face like the mouth, nose, and eyes.

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Haar cascade, R-CNN, Facial Spoofing,

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In any separation process one of the most important targets is to achieve cost optimization through managing the energy utilization for the degree of separation being the constraint. Reactive Distillation is one such process which combines reaction and separation in one single process unit to reduce the cost of process, and heat integration in such process can add one more dimension of optimizing energy demand. The present work is to simulate and analyze the heat integration aspect of Reactive distillation process for the production of Isoamyl Acetate (IAAc). Rigorous heuristic optimization is done using DWSIM simulation software, to arrive at process and design specifications which give minimum energy demand without compromising the product purity (96% pure).

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Reactive distillation, heat intigration, simulation, optimization, IAAc(Isoamyl aceate), Isoamyl alcoholol, Acetic acid

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In contemporary education, pupils' academic performance must be predicted correctly. Logistic Regression and Random Forest are examples of machine learning algorithms that can effectively predict students who are more likely to fail. Logistic Regression is used for the assessment and prediction of such issues as timely interventions and customized care which address multiple factors in a student's life. Conversely, Random Forest may handle big data sets well because its precision is remarkable. With a population of 480 students sampled from Kalboard360, this study compares logistic regression and random forest about demographic, educational or behavioral features. The findings reveal the effectiveness of both approaches: Logistic regression has an 81% accuracy rate with some space for improvement while Random Forest has a classification accuracy rate of 89% which shows that it can categorize different student outcomes. Such insights from these algorithms have informed tailored interventions aimed at highlighting the significance of employing Machine Learning techniques within the academic arena and understanding their strengths as well as weaknesses for successful strategies.

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Logistic Regression, Predicting Academic Performance, Educational Data Mining, Random Forest, Machine Learning

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Knowledge, First Aid Management, Structured Teaching Programme, Effectiveness

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QUALITY OF SLEEP AND FACTORS INFLUENCING SLEEP PATTERN AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED IN THE ICUS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS, GUWAHATI,ASSAM: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY RESEARCH ABSTRACT AUTHOR: Ms. Piyali Dey GUIDE : Mrs. Manju Chapagain Assistant Professor Asian Institute of Nursing Education North Guwahati,Assam CO-GUIDE : Mrs.Pinki Barman Assistant Lecturer Asian Institute of Nursing Education North Guwahati,Assam PROBLEM STATEMENT: "Quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern among patients admitted in the ICUs in selected hospitals, Guwahati Assam: A descriptive study" INTRODUCTION Sleep is an important and essential process in all our lives. Rest and sleep are essential for good health. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, sleep is one of the most basic needs or drives to motivate human beings to achieve the fullest potential in life. According to WHO, Sleep is triggered by a complex group of hormones that are active in the body, and that respond to cues from the body itself and the environment. Sleep disturbance is a frequently overlooked complication of intensive care units (ICU). OBJECTIVES o To assess the quality of sleep among patients admitted in ICUs in selected hospitals, Guwahati Assam. o To assess the factors influencing sleep pattern among patients admitted in ICUs in selected hospitals, Guwahati Assam. o To find out the correlation between quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern among patients admitted in the ICUs in selected hospitals, Guwahati, Assam. o To find out the association between quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern with the selected socio-demographic variables. METHODS AND MATERIALS The investigator conducted an explorative descriptive study to identify the quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern among patients admitted in the ICUs in selected hospitals of Guwahati,in order to accomplish the objectives of the study. Purposive sampling technique was used for obtaining the adequate sample for the study.Study was undertaken on 142 patients in selected hospitals of Guwahati,Assam.Paticipants were selected on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria.Quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern were assessed by distributing self structured SQS tool and checklist to the respondents. RESULTS Result showed that out of 142 respondents majority 41(28.9%) of the respondents were in the age group 31-40 years,72(50.7%) of the respondents were female, 30(21.1%) of the respondents completed primary and middle school education, 43(30.3%) respondents had monthly income Less than or equal to Rs. 9226, 40(28.2%) of the respondents were in government job, 38(26.8%) of the respondents were married, 24(16.9%) respondents were diagnosed with CVA, 17(12.0%) respondents have none of the co morbidities, 85(59.9%) respondents have previous ICU admission, 13(9.2%) respondents stayed for >30 days. In assessing quality of sleep it reveals that out of 142 respondents, 138(97.2%) had moderately adequate quality of sleep and in factors influencing sleep majority 130(91.5%) had high disturbances in the sleep pattern. It is also found that the correlation between quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern was found to be -0.428 which shows a negative correlation between quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern.Thus, when factors influencing sleep pattern is high then the quality of sleep among the patients admitted in ICU is poor. In association,the results showed that there is no association between quality of sleep with the age, gender, qualification, occupation, family income/month, marital status, diagnosis, any co-morbidities, previous hospitalization,duration of ICU stay. CONCLUSION From this study it was concluded that majority of patients had moderately adequate quality of sleep and had high disturbances in sleep pattern in the ICUs. There is moderate relationship between quality of sleep and factors influencing sleep pattern, thus the investigator concluded that though the factors in this study might likely affect the quality of sleep among patients some other factors might affect their sleep in the ICUs.

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Keywords: quality of sleep,factors influencing sleep pattern,patients admitted in ICUs.

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Renewable energy has seen an interest in sustainable energy source overcome increasing energy demands. In world-wide demand of electricity is constantly rising. As we have more number of technological advancements, multiple innovations and modernization in day-to-day life. For meeting the required demand in a world-wide, now we are heading with renewable energy resource. In renewable energy source we are implementing with hybrid technology in turn it provides more efficacy. Considering all these we are applying hybrid technology in our project by using solar and wind as main source. A hybrid generation system in highways using solar and wind energy involves integrating solar panels and wind turbines. Infrastructure of highways for renewable energy from sun and wind is considered solar power generation peaking during day, especially in sunny conditions, while wind energy can be more consistent and often increases at night or during wing days when solar generation is lower. Supply chain for remote areas is currently not possible through extension of grid, since the connection is neither cost friendly, nor eco-friendly. Integration of hybrid electricity generation using wind and solar panels along the highways is a sustainable for of energy production .the combine power of wind and solar energy has the potential that meets the requirements of electricity generation demands. According to SDG's, it reduces the fossil fuel dependency, Eco-friendly, minimal land usage.

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Renewable Energy, Hybrid Technology, solar power, wind energy

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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KEY WORDS:-Reimagining Resilience, Innovative Approaches, Agriculture and Food Security, Management , Climate Change"

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