Volume 7 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

The Upanishads deliver metaphysical enlightenment about consciousness by extending their examination from human existence into all cosmic life including non-human creatures. This paper examines Upanishadic knowledge about animal awareness while exploring its impact on both moral and philosophical perspectives toward non-human life. The Upanishads teach that all realities belong to single absolute nature (Brahman) and that the eternal soul (?tman) dwells throughout every living thing thus demonstrating natural connection between human beings and animals. Through this framework anthropocentric perspectives receive a challenge while it establishes a spiritual ethical system for recognizing natural animal value. The Upanishadic philosophical teachings center around sams?ra because rebirth and karma demonstrate that living beings move seamlessly between diverse life forms. Animals exist beyond sentience since they possess consciousness as they travel through spiritual cycles of life. The Upanishadic concept of j?va (individual soul) explains how individual souls progress between different lifetimes thereby connecting every living thing. According to the Upanishads there exists a divergence in awareness capacities between non-human living beings but every living thing possesses spiritual essence leading to moral obligations for human beings towards the natural world. The research evaluates Upanishadic perspective within modern debates about animal rights in addition to ecological ethics and studies of consciousness. A combination of metaphysical knowledge with contemporary scientific concepts about animal intellect produces well-rounded understanding of non-human consciousness. A reassessment of our ethical principles occurs through Upanishadic teachings because they promote friendly and nonviolent interactions with every living creature. The teachings establish an ancient philosophical framework that remains relevant for contemporary discussions about animal welfare together with environmental ethics.

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 Keywords

Upanishads, animal consciousness, metaphysics, ?tman, Brahman, karma, non-human life.

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The rapid advancement of modern technology has significantly influenced the education sector worldwide. This study explores the use of modern technology in higher education classrooms in India, focusing specifically on Assam. It examines the extent of technology adoption, its benefits in enhancing teaching and learning, and the challenges faced by institutions, particularly in rural and underdeveloped areas. Using a descriptive research approach based on secondary data, the study highlights infrastructural gaps, digital literacy issues, and regional disparities that affect effective technology integration. The findings suggest the need for improved infrastructure, faculty training, and inclusive policies to promote blended learning and digital accessibility. This paper aims to provide insights and recommendations that can support policymakers, educators, and institutions in leveraging technology to improve the quality and inclusivity of higher education in Assam and beyond.

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 Keywords

Modern Technology, Higher Education, Classroom Technology, Digital Learning, Assam.

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In the present era one of the greatest problems faced by the world is water scarcity and agriculture being a demanding occupation which consumes plenty of water. Therefore a system is required that uses water judiciously. India is an agricultural country, wherein about 70% of the population depends on agriculture. Farmers have wide range of diversity to select suitable fruits and vegetables crops. However, the cultivation of these crops for optimum yield and quality produce is highly technical. It can be improved by the aid of technological support. The management of irrigation can be improved using automatic watering system. A system that will help a farmer to know his field status in his home or he may be residing in any part of the world. It proposes an automatic irrigation system for the agricultural lands. Currently the automation is one of the important roles in the human life. It not only provides comfort but also reduce energy consumption, increase efficiency and time saving. Now the industries are using automation and control machine which are expensive and not suitable for using in a farm land. So here we design a smart irrigation system in low cost which can be utilized by Indian farmers.

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 Keywords

Arduino, Soil Sensor, Wi-Fi Module, Prototype, Moisture Depletion.

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The research shows how AI and ML help accurately predict credit and market risks, thus helping avoid losses. Further, with advances such as using chatbots and virtual assistants to handle customer queries and attend to customers at any time, artificial intelligence has advanced in fraud detection through monitoring in real-time to prevent fraudsters from getting away with their evil deeds. Also, algo trading and machine learning use in portfolio management have enhanced strategy formulation, with better yields and fewer risks. Consequently, facing intelligent algorithms in financial service industries is crucial, as it anticipates great boosts in operation efficiency, business competition, and regulatory compliance. However, questions and issues that cannot be ignored are data privacy, algorithms' bias, and probable job losses. To this effect, future studies should address ethical and legal issues and opportunities, technologies, rules, and partnering environments associated with AI and ML in finance. Based on findings from this study, these advancements must be adopted within financial institutions while acknowledging the challenges to realize growth, innovation, and customer value.

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Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Financial Services, Risk Management, Customer Service, Fraud Detection, Investment Strategies, Ethical Considerations

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Key Words: E-rickshaw, Eco Friendly,Transportation,Passenger,Connectivity.

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This study investigates the influence of industrial automation on the organizational structures and competitiveness of industries within developing countries. As automation reshapes global industries, developing economies face unique challenges and opportunities. The article examines how automation impacts productivity, cost-efficiency, and workforce dynamics, affecting these countries' ability to compete in global markets. Case studies highlight how specific industries in developing nations are adopting automation to drive growth and competitiveness while addressing the challenges of skill gaps and resource constraints. Findings suggest that strategic adoption of automation can enhance competitiveness, but supportive policies and investments in human capital are critical to maximizing its benefits.

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Industrial Automation, Developing Countries, Organizational Competitiveness, Productivity, Cost-Efficiency, Workforce Dynamics, S

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Judiciary plays an important role in upholding and promoting the rights of citizens in a country. Judical Activism can take many forms but 'technical' and 'juristic' are two important ones in all legal systems. Beyond these two forms is third form termed as social activism, a complex and challenging task facing the modern judiciary today, particularly in the developing countries. Judicial activism is the central feature of every political system that vests adjudicatory power in a free and independent judiciary. It is not an aberration but is a normal phenomenon and is bound to mature into judicial activism. It is a term used to describe the assertiveness of judicial power. A court engaged in altering the power relations to make them more equitable is positively activist and a court using its ingenuity to maintain the status quo in power relations is negatively activist. Judicial activism is a concept that originated in the US in 1947. It has been seen in India since 1970's, defined as the 'Emergency days'. The active role of the judiciary in upholding the rights of citizens and preserving the constitutional and legal system of the country is known as judicial activism. It carries 'public interest' dimension through 'private interest', which collectively go hand in hand. The basis of judicial activism is the interpretation of the law, the constitutional articles or provisions or the legality of any executive action, leading to extension of the scope of law or actionable jurisdiction. This entails, stepping into the domain of the executive. It may even cover, in its sweep, executive inaction, acts of omission, besides the acts of commission - either inadequately or wrongly. All normal interpretative functions of judiciary do not generally attract the appellation of 'activism' - some do. They depend on the nature, scope and thrust of the judgment - the reformatory zeal of the judge. Judicial activism is seen as a success in liberalizing access to justice and giving relief to disadvantaged groups, because of the efforts of justices V R Krishna Ayer and P N Bhagwati.

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 Keywords

Judiciary, Interpretation, Activism, Executive, Realization.

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The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies offers transformative potential for urban smart city infrastructure, addressing critical challenges in urban management and sustainability. This paper presents an innovative IoT-based smart city framework leveraging Arduino microcontrollers and ESP8266 modules to enhance various urban services, including traffic management, environmental monitoring, water resource management, and public infrastructure control. We implemented an integrated car parking system utilizing infrared (IR) sensors to detect vehicle presence, with real-time display updates on LCD screens. For environmental monitoring, an MQ2 sensor was deployed to measure pollution levels, providing essential data for air quality management. Smart traffic control was achieved through a system of timers and LEDs (red, yellow, green), optimizing traffic flow and reducing congestion. Water level monitoring and management were conducted using moisture sensors, ensuring efficient water usage and supply. The street lighting system was enhanced with LM358 comparators for day and night detection, promoting energy conservation by automatically adjusting light intensity. Data collected from various sensors were transmitted to the Adafruit cloud via the ESP8266 module, enabling real-time data analysis and decision-making. The Arduino microcontroller served as the central unit, coordinating the various sensors and actuators within the smart city framework. Case studies from pilot implementations demonstrate significant improvements in urban service efficiency, resource management, and environmental sustainability. The findings highlight the potential of IoT technologies to create more responsive, adaptive, and sustainable urban environments. Furthermore, this paper discusses the technical challenges and considerations in deploying such IoT systems, including data security, integration complexity, and the need for robust regulatory frameworks. In conclusion, the integration of IoT with Arduino and ESP8266 modules in smart city infrastructure represents a pivotal advancement towards smarter, more efficient, and sustainable urban living. This research underscores the transformative impact of IoT in modern urban management, paving the way for future smart cities.

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 Keywords

Internet of Things (IoT), Smart City Infrastructure, Arduino Microcontroller, ESP8266 Module, Infrared (IR) Sensors, MQ2 Sensor, Car Parking System, Pollution Monitoring, Smart Traffic Control.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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This paper describes the Development of embedded systems in 8051 Lab environment using 8051 microcontroller interrupts, programming in "C"and applications. These applications include an interfacing of seven segment display, Multi-segment display and LCD and these are controlled by external interrupts (INT0, INT1) signals through switches. In this experiment AT89C51 8-bit microcontroller is used to program the interrupts to seven segment display (up/down hexa decimal counter), Multi-segment display (2-digit decimal counter for up/down counter) and LCD. The Hardware description and software developments are presented in this paper. This paper is very useful for beginners like Engineering and PG students.

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Interrupts, seven segment display, multi-segment display, LCD and AT89C51 Microcontroller

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Assam has a rich diversity in fruit crops. Besides the fruits like banana, mango and citrus, there are so many good underutilized for indigenous fruits are available. Some of the indigenous fruits which exhibits high nutritive value with medicinal importance commonly used by rural people are discussed in this paper

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 Keywords

Medicinal values of Assamese Fruits

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