Volume 6 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Digital Image processing is a systematic procedure to translate an image into digital information and then perform some operations on it, with an objective of getting an enhanced image in terms of its quality or to extract some useful information from it. Image processing is one among the rapidly growing technologies today, with its applications in various fields. Image denoising is a key issue in all image processing researches. It is the first preprocessing step in dealing with image processing where the overall system quality should be improved. Generally, the quality of an image could be corrupted by a lot of noise due to the undesired conditions of image during its acquisition, processing, compression, reproduction and transmission. The great challenge of image denoising is how to preserve the important features and all fine details of an image when reducing the noise. There are many algorithms for denoising the image. Here in this paper, wavelet transform is used in the image denoising.

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 Keywords

de-noising wavelet transform etc.

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Three components of love

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Key words: Human Values, Need of fostering human values in students and Role of teacher in inculcating human values in students.

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Burnishing is a cold working, surface treatment process; it is a chip less process in which plastic deformation of surface non-uniformity occurs by applying pressure through a very hard roller or ball on a surface to generate a highly smooth and work-hardened surface. Burnishing is one processes which highly affect the surface roughness of metal. Burnishing improves the surface finish of the component along with surface properties of the component such as roughness, hardness, wear resistance, the fatigue strength of the material. It is a cost efficacious process, largely used in aerospace, biomedical and automobile industries to improve reliability and performance of the component.

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Burnishing, Surface Roughness, Surface Micro-Hardness, Compressive Residual Stresses

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Background of the study: Flexibility is a physiological characteristic that allows an individual to execute voluntary movements of maximum joint angular amplitude within morphological limits, free of pain and restrictions. The prevention of musculoskeletal injuries and improvement in muscle movement and performance depend on body flexibility. The purpose of this study was to analyse the prevalence of flexibility among college students. Methods: A total of 700 students in which 68 students were excluded and 632 students are included. Subjects were assessed for joint flexibility by using the measurements of joint range of motion by Norkin and White. The inclusion and exclusion data were female students aged between 17 to 25 years & recent fracture and sprains, history of neurological problem, recent surgeries. The major muscles tested for flexibility are trapezius, pectorals major, hip flexors, rectus femoris, hamstrings and calf muscles as these muscles commonly cause the restriction identified with stretching pain for each muscle. Statistical Analyses were conducted according to gender, age, body mass index value (normal-overweight-obese), and the results of muscle flexibility stretch test. Result: In the overall sample 9.17% of students having pectoral muscle tightness; 22% of students having upper trapezius muscle tightness; 38% of students having hamstring muscle tightness; 18.2% of students having calf muscle tightness; 3.32% of students having adductor muscle tightness and 9.33 % of students having rectus femoris muscle tightness. Conclusion: This study confirms that the flexibility of the major muscle is poor because of their daily activities, BMI and age process. Poor flexibility may leads do poor posture and some musculoskeletal problems. This study helps to educate them to do the regular physical activities in their daily life.

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 Keywords

Trapezius, pectoral muscle, hamstring and calf muscle, rectus femoris, tightness.

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In India, 75% of the current fresh water is consumed in the agricultural irrigation. Therefore, efficient water management plays an important role in the irrigated agricultural cropping systems. The main problem in conventional agriculture is water consumption of each crop. The only solution to this problem is smart agriculture by modernizing the current traditional methods. When making smart agriculture, by using IOT technologies the network problems will occur. To overcome these network problems the high frequency zigbee transmitter receiver is to be used for data transmission. And by adding regulator, the threshold value of the soil moisture sensor is varied for each crop. So we need not worry about the large water consuming plants in drip irrigation. And due to automation of drip irrigation manpower and water consumption is to be reduced.

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soil moisture sensor, zigbee.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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In the present scenario Automobile and Aerospace manufacturing sector is concentrating much on reducing the total weight of the vehicles & airplanes thereby increasing fuel Efficiency and overall performance. In this direction fiber reinforced composite materials are effectively utilized. As these materials comparatively have better strain energy storage ability, high strength and less weight than conventional alloy material which have comparatively higher weight ratio. This research impart the focus on the possibility of replacing conventionally used Steel helical coil springs by fiber reinforced plastic helical coil springs. In this research work we manufactured two helical springs of rectangular crossection with different materials known as GLARE and CLARE to get which composite spring is better to replace with steel spring. Here we are going to manufacture glass fiber epoxy and carbon epoxy spring with the reinforcement of Aluminium wire mesh. We take 50% epoxy and 50% glass fibers for glass spring and 20% carbon, 30%glass, 50%epoxy for carbon spring .we concluded that cost of CLARE spring is 57% more than glass spring but the weight 13% less than GLARE spring and other factors of clare spring are better than glass epoxy spring i.e. Shear stress, failure load. The specimen preparation and experiments were carried out according to ASTM standards.

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Helical coil spring, composite material, Glass fiber, and epoxy resin, shear stress, Fuel efficiency, weight.

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The contemporary world has witnessed a strong economic, political and cultural connectivity which makes the current socio-economic borders irrelevant. Globalization is a social process that is capable of altering the current socio-economic condition based on global interdependencies and exchanges. Globalization and technological revolution have brought the world to an increasing interdependency. The novel Transmission ( 2004) by Hari Kunzru shows how a perfectly organized and patterned world of information technology could be easily disrupted by a wanton act of a troubled employee. Transmission discusses the extreme fear of the developed nations regarding illegal immigration and terrorism. The west attempts to reap in the gains of globalization without any moral scruples regarding its human cost. The rest of the world is at their disposal, to be employed as cheap laborers and contract workers. This paper seeks to understand how the ideology of globalization works in propelling the unsymmetrical power structures for the benefit of a section of society.

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Globalization, migration, outsourcing, illegal immigration, terrorism.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Security in PCs is data insurance from unapproved or coincidental exposure while the data is in transmission and keeping in mind that data is away. Confirmation conventions give two elements to guarantee that the counterparty is the expected one whom he endeavors to speak with over a shaky system. These conventions can be considered from three measurements: sort, effectiveness and security. Watchword Authenticated Key Exchange (PAKE) conventions encourage two substances to assent on a standard session key in view of a pre-shared human important secret word. The most critical security objective of these conventions is giving security against secret word speculating assaults. As of late, In 2010 R. Tune [1] proposed propelled savvy card based secret key validation convention with such non-alter safe brilliant card in view of symmetric key cryptosystem and in addition secluded exponentiation. R. Tune et al technique is exposed to the disconnected secret key assault, forward mystery, insider assault and foreswearing of administration at-tack are cryptanalysis by W B Horng [2]. Here in this paper we will study on various conventions actualized in light of two secret word confirmation and a concise survey is given in view of various methods.

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security, attacks, encryption, Authentication, key exchange, PAKE, private key.

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26 January 1950, the date when the Constitution of India had been adopted and welcomed by Indians with warm hearted. But, today after almost 70 years of independence from the English people and their constitution the debate on Indian Constitution is adopted or borrowed or not is going on. Here, in this paper researcher mainly focus on the concept of borrowing and as it really applies in the Constitution of India or not. The paper also discussed about the historical background which is behind the constitution, the debates on the framing of Indian Constitution. The primarily objective is to throw torchlight on the countries from where the idea of the part of the constitution has taken. Like how the Fundamental Rights in India is different from the U.S.A. and this is also same with the federation system of Indian and Canada and the concept of parliamentary form of government in India and in England. This paper made to elaborate that the Constitution of India is not a borrowed and mercy of other countries rather it is a hard working efforts of the framers who worked by studying the constitution of other countries and it all was started with the Objective Resolution which later became a preamble of India. In this paper the researcher focus on the idea of borrowing and demonstrate certain facts which highlighted the idea that Indian Constitution is not a borrowed one.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Objective Resolution, Borrowed, Historical background, federal system, Parliamentary government, Fundamental rights.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition