Volume 12 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

In today's interconnected global landscape, the digital realm has emerged as the predominant arena for economic, commercial, cultural, social, and governmental activities. Individuals, non-governmental organizations, and governmental bodies rely extensively on digital technologies for communication and transactions. However, this increasing reliance on electronic systems also exposes us to diverse cyber threats and the vulnerabilities inherent in wireless communication technologies. Cyber-attacks have escalated into a critical concern for both private enterprises and government entities worldwide, posing financial, military, and political risks. While the primary objective of cyber-attacks often revolves around financial gain, they can also serve military or political agendas. These attacks manifest in various forms, such as PC viruses, data breaches, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, and other assault vectors. To combat these threats, organizations deploy a spectrum of solutions aimed at preventing cyber-attacks and mitigating their impact. Cybersecurity practices involve staying updated on the latest IT advancements and utilizing real-time information to safeguard sensitive data. Researchers globally have put forward numerous methodologies to thwart cyber-attacks or minimize their repercussions. Some of these methodologies are already operational, while others are still in the research phase. This study seeks to conduct an exhaustive review of advancements in cybersecurity, analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, and challenges associated with these approaches. The review will encompass various categories of cyber threats, including emerging descendant attacks, and explore established security frameworks alongside the historical progression and evolution of early-generation cybersecurity techniques.

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 Keywords

Interconnected world, cyberspace, economic, commercial, cultural, social, governmental activities, digital technologies, cyber threats, wireless communication, cyber-attacks, financial gain, military, political purposes, viruses, data breaches, DDoS attacks, cybersecurity solutions, sensitive data protection, IT developments, real-time information, cybersecurity research, methodologies, security frameworks, emerging attacks, historical progression.

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The mung bean grows on a wide range of soils but prefers well-drained loams or sandy loams, with a pH range from 5 to 8. The intensity of some abiotic stresses has increased as water from the soil gets depleted faster under the conditions imposed by climate change. Hence it is essential to carry out studies on the impact of heavy metal stress on plants by simultaneous application of several stress factors such as heat, drought, light, and salinity. Since most of the information concerning plant defense mechanisms against heavy metal toxicity comes from adult plants, it is needed to conduct more studies with young plants to compare their defense system and adult plants against heavy metal stress. There is a great need to find out how heavy metals affect crop plants in low input sustainable farming practices where there is a considerable emphasis in terms of supplying soil with organic fertilizers with the objective of maintaining and boosting the association between naturally occurring or artificially introduced plants. The toxic effect of different concentrations of cadmium viz. 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/l distilled water was evaluated on seed germination of Phaseolus aureus with and without organic liquid formulation jeevamrutham. The results of the present study showed that cadmium concentrations cause negative effect on seed germination of mung bean as the concentration of cadmium increases the germination percentage decreases. The seeds treated with jeevamrutham showed considerable increase in germination percentage. Application of Jeevamrutham showed positive effect on the germination of seeds under cadmium stress.

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 Keywords

Heavy metal stress, Cadmium, Seed germination, Phaseolus aureus, Jeevamrutham.

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In an era defined by connectivity, the significance of networking technologies, both wired and wireless, has become paramount. The seamless transmission of data has transcended mere convenience to become a fundamental necessity across various domains. Recognizing this evolving landscape, our study delves into the intricate realm of wireless communication technologies, offering a comprehensive analysis of their characteristics, functionalities, and applications. Wireless networking factors in consideration such as range, mobility, and the diverse array of hardware components required to establish a functional wireless network. Wireless technology facilitates the transmission of information through free space, utilizing electromagnetic waves such as radio frequencies, infrared, and satellite signals to propagate data from one point to another. Data transmission is integral to virtually every application or system, necessitating efficient processing and evaluation. Various wireless technologies fulfill this fundamental purpose, each offering unique characteristics and advantages. Our research aims to dissect these technologies, exploring their unique features, strengths, and limitations. By providing a comparative analysis, we seek to empower decision-makers with the knowledge necessary to select the most suitable wireless solution for their specific needs. Moreover, we underscore the critical importance of security in wireless networks, offering practical recommendations to fortify against potential threats and vulnerabilities.

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WLAN, Wi-fi, Security, Zig bee, Bluetooth.

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Addiction a psychological and physiological dependence on alcohol affects not only the lives of so many people but also leaves them in a state of denial that they can stop this at any time, which is not true. Realizing the importance of the need for information and education on alcohol moderation skills, enhancing awareness on myths about alcohol addiction and related problems the current study assessed the effectiveness alcohol skill training programme on alcohol addiction among the individuals attending de addiction clinic. The main objective of the study was to assess knowledge and drinking frequency before and after Alcohol Skill Training Programme (ASTP) and to find out the effectiveness of ASTP. The conceptual framework adopted for this study was modified Ludwig Von Bertanlanffy's general system theory (1930). One hundred and twenty samples selected by convenience sampling were given ASTP for four weeks after assessing their pre-intervention knowledge and drinking frequency. The results on post intervention knowledge and drinking frequency showed significant improvement (P =0.001) on their knowledge and significant reduction (P = 0.001) in their drinking frequency. The percentage difference of 31.3% in knowledge score with 95% confidence interval revealed the effectiveness of ASTP. The above findings revealed structural approaches to alcohol consumption. Therefore it is an important tool and can help to reduce for harm.

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IMH: Indore Mental Hospital, ASTP: Alcohol Skill Training Programme

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: Abstract: Media is a means of communication between people through magazines, television, internet, government officials, community workers and a lot more. Media and women development go hand in hand .The status of women in India has changed a lot from past to present. Women are making their space and presence in almost all sectors of our society. Women are getting equal rights as men do through gender sensitization and gender equality. Media plays an important role as it communicates information from government officials to general public. There are various legal provisions for women empowerment along with conventions Regarding women. Along with all the positive participation of women in all sectors, there are also some negative sides, just as a coin has two faces. Since innumerable times women have been considered lower than males. Right from their birth they are being taught about their role in society as caretakers of the house and family. Those women who go out to work are being treated as objects and they are paid lesser than males. So there is wage discrimination between men and women. The empowerment of women is much needed for the social and economic growth of any society. They are the creators, teachers and developers of any human generation. Media is often considered as the 4th pillar of the society and democratic medium of information. The role of media has become very important in shaping present days society. Key Words: Media, women Empowerment, Education, Gender inequality.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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Media, women Empowerment, Education, Gender inequality

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The theory of separation of power means that the three organs: Legislature, Executive and Judiciary are separate from each other and perform distinct functions. One of the organs i.e. judiciary is seen sometimes making laws. While the legislature has the constitutional authority to enact laws. There are still some circumstances where the existing laws made by the legislature prove to be inadequate in the process of administration of justice, then judiciary plays active role. Judges do make laws to fill the lacunas in the legislative laws with the help of judicial review. It leads to judicial activism and also judicial overreach. This paper is an attempt to understand the law-making power of the judiciary in India and USA. It also explores the different concepts relating to judicial legislation, judicial review, judicial activism and judicial overreach.

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 Keywords

KEYWORDS: judicial legislation, separation of power, judicial activism, judicial overreach

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Liver disease has become a prominent global health concern, with conditions like cirrhosis and liver cancer ranking among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The insidious nature of many liver diseases often results in asymptomatic onset, leading to underdiagnosis and delayed treatment. Early detection and management are pivotal in mitigating the impact of liver illnesses. Recognizing the challenges posed by the costly and intricate diagnostic processes, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of diverse machine learning techniques in identifying liver disease. UT disease. Utilizing liver patient record dataset, this research explored five machine learning models for predicting the occurrence of liver disease using patients' medical histories. Through meticulous data pre-processing and analysis, encompassing tasks such as handling Managing absent data, encoding categorical variables, and standardizing features., the dataset was meticulously prepared for model training. Subsequentaluation of the Five algorithms for machine learning, restated. revealed Random Forest as the top-performing model, achieving an accuracy of 75.87% on the test dataset. This research underscores the promise of machine learning in accurately predicting liver disease, thereby facilitating early diagnosis and intervention.

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machine learning, dataset, handling missing values and encoding categorical variables, Reformulated, normalizing features

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 Abstract

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A major contributor to cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis is an inflammatory vascular condition marked by a gradual buildup of cholesterol in the walls of the arteries. In recent years, problems with synthetic drug adverse effects have contributed to drug abuse. A new understanding of medicinal plants has therefore lately evolved, and extensive study has been done on these herbs in an effort to create novel organically based medications. The objective of this review paper was to examine the molecular processes of therapeutic plants with potential against atherosclerosis. The regulation of inflammatory factor expression, stimulation of PPARs, inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), promotion of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G (ABCG), facilitation of adiponectin activity, reduction of LDL cholesterol, and stimulation of PPARs are just a few of the mechanisms by which an improved understanding of these herbal mechanistic linkages is a crucial step before designing new plant-based medications.. An important part of the aetiology of atherosclerosis is inflammation. Excessive intimal fibrosis, the development of fatty plaques, the growth of smooth muscle cells, and the migration of inflammatory-response cells including platelets, monocytes, and T cells are all symptoms of the condition. The early stage of atherosclerosis in cardiovascular illnesses is represented by low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation to Ox-LDL. Increased peroxynitrite concentrations in some clinical conditions, including severe hypercholesterolemia, worsen atherosclerosis and vascular damage. It has been proven that medicinal plants have the ability to interact with these or other pathogenic variables to inhibit atherosclerosis.

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 Keywords

Atherosclerosis, herbal plants, phytoconstituents

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The use of power divides society into two big parts - powerful and powerless, but this is not believed under the pluralistic theory of power. According to this theory, all the power in society is not concentrated in the hands of any one class or department, rather it is distributed among many groups. These groups cannot be placed in the categories of dominant and subordinate groups, rather they all exercise their own kind of power in their respective areas. Pluralism is used in different fields and in different forms. Generally, it represents a diversity of ideas. In today's democratic and dynamic societies, due to the growth of groups with different cultural characteristics and their participation and contribution being recognized by the state, most of the societies are developing into societies with mixed culture. The differences existing in the contemporary scenario of Indian society can be clearly seen. There is diversity in the society itself, that is why diversity exists in interests also. The pluralistic paradigm emerged late compared to other theoretical models of analysis and its appeal has been increasing with the passage of time.

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 Keywords

Power, Pluralism, Democratic, Dynamic Societies, Mixed Culture.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition