Volume 14 | Issue 3 |

 Abstract

Communication between two parties needs to be secured. Data transmission can be protected from intruders if the data is appropriately enciphered. Various algorithms came into existence to address the problem. But, this paper intends to bring the superior methodology to protect the data transmission. This paper presents a key-less "JS algorithm", which readily encrypts and decrypts the data. This algorithm would not produce separate keys and eventually saves much time, memory and cost associated with key generation. The paper has introduced a concept of utilizing certain portion of its own data to create a protective coating from eavesdropper. Selection of appropriate number of rounds (up to 256) as per the security level is a major advantage associated with the algorithm. Overall, the paper tries to secure the data transfer such that it becomes near to impossible for non authorized personnel to encrypt the data. The paper presents the experimental analysis of the data in the later portion.

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 Keywords

Keyless, JS Algorithm,cryptography,eavesdropper,communication,content-based,encryption,chunks

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

The present study used a quantitative research methodology to examine the effects of hybrid work environments on employee engagement and performance. The research used a standardized 5-point Likert scale questionnaire to gather data from a randomly chosen sample of 384 respondents, with a focus on five important variables: employee engagement, work-life balance, work arrangement flexibility, hybrid working model, and employee work. To examine the connections between the variables and evaluate both direct and indirect impacts, structural equation modelling, or SEM, was used. By raising engagement, the results show that flexible work schedules and work-life balance greatly improve employee performance, both directly and indirectly. Engagement was shown to have a crucial role in mediating the link between organizational practices and employee outcomes. The outcomes of the research are bolstered by robust reliability and validity assessments that corroborate the findings. According to the survey, companies must encourage flexibility and work-life balance as hybrid work becomes more common in order to have a highly engaged, motivated, and productive staff in a workplace that is always changing.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Work-life balance, Work arrangement flexibility, Employee engagement, Employee performance, Hybrid work environment, Flexible work policies.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Onomatopoeia is an important part of morphological reduplication particularly under lexical reduplication. The term 'onomatopoeia' has more than a few or several variant forms including onomatopoeic, onomatopoetic and onomatopoeias. Onomatopoeia plays an important role in the development and formation of a language as it reflects the natural association between sound and meaning as well particular things, action or phenomena. Such as word mostly has been used being in so many Bodo folk songs which helps to make melodies and rhyming couples. Besides, onomatopoeia words being used native speakers in their daily social life. Initially, maximum numbers of onomatopoeia words structurally can be found in reduplicative and partial reduplicative forms. In this study, the researcher trying to find out some onomatopoeia words used by in Bodo folk songs.

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 Keywords

Onomatopoeia, Definition of Onomatopoeia, Function of onomatopoeia, Folk song,

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

With the British annexation of densely forested sub-Himalayan tracts in the 19th-century following consecutive conflicts with Burma, the Gorkhas and Bhutan, preliminary assessment was made of which forest lands were suited for commercial forestry. Other miscellaneous tracts considered unsuited for commercial forestry were reclassified as 'jungle', i.e. as wastelands incapable of yielding land revenue from being farmed out in agricultural leases to individual farmers. In Bengal and Assam, these wastelands were subsequently cleared for laying out commercial plantations. The sub-Himalayan foothills in Bengal were deforested to yield way for economically valuable plantations of tea. This cycle of deforestation and replantation of forests was accelerated by adoption of the 'Taungya' system of shifting forest villages, feeding into the disputes over forest rights that are seen today (Ghosal & Ghosh, 2019). From thence onwards, extensive deforestation accompanied the expansion of tea acreages, driving the subsequent growth of population and markets (Prokop, 2018). Consequently, the conditions of labour in plantation and forest work have been interdependent, since their workers are drawn from a common labour pool that is subject to the maximum rural poverty and deprivation. These are reflected today in the persistence of identical inequalities in the delivery of social services like healthcare and education to the isolated communities of these workers and their families. Although the forests that are maintained by these workers as forest reserves have played a crucial role in regional conservation efforts, the sustained indifference adopted by the government towards the needs of these poor communities reflects the perpetuation of colonial attitudes, disdaining and neglecting the needs of the rural poor. The research study will evaluate the critical labour welfare markers seen in the plantation history of Darjeeling, tracing out the emergence of health, housing and educational inequalities, as well as the urgency of broadening welfare access.

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 Keywords

Colonial forestry, tea plantations, labour welfare, Darjeeling, environmental history, plantation labour

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

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The distinction between biological sex and socially constructed gender has become central to contemporary debates on identity, rights, and social justice. While Indian society historically acknowledged non-binary identities within religious and cultural frameworks, colonial interventions and modern institutional structures marginalized transgender communities, particularly in education and employment sectors. This paper critically examines the historical evolution, legal recognition, educational status, literacy data, employment participation, and lived experiences of transgender persons in India. Drawing upon Census 2011 data, Supreme Court judgments, national policies, field studies, and qualitative testimonies, the study reveals the structural exclusion embedded within family systems, schooling processes, curriculum design, and labor markets. Despite progressive legal measures such as the NALSA judgment (2014), the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act (2019), and provisions under the National Education Policy 2020, implementation gaps continue to obstruct meaningful inclusion. By analyzing statistical trends alongside lived narratives of violence, dropout, stigma, and resilience, this paper argues that educational transformation--anchored in structural reform, curriculum inclusion, teacher sensitization, and socio-cultural change--is indispensable for mainstreaming transgender persons into equitable citizenship.

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 Keywords

Transgender Education, Gender Identity, NALSA Judgment, Literacy Rate, Census 2011, Social Exclusion, Inclusive Schooling, National Education Policy 2020, Gender Diversity, Human Rights

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Contemporary dystopian fiction increasingly scrutinizes the implications of accelerated technological development by envisioning futures in which the boundaries separating the human from the non-human are profoundly destabilized. Grounded in posthumanist theory, this paper analyzes the ways robots, cyborgs, and bioengineered beings signal the erosion of humanist values across four seminal dystopian novels: William Gibson's Neuromancer, Kazuo Ishiguro's Klara and the Sun, Margaret Atwood's Oryx and Crake, and Ian McEwan's Machines Like Me. Employing a comparative textual approach informed by the theoretical insights of Donna Haraway, N. Katherine Hayles, and Rosi Braidotti, the study examines how posthuman futures reshape conceptions of identity, agency, ethics, and emotional authenticity. Each text articulates a distinct yet interconnected mode of technological dominance, ranging from cybernetic disembodiment and artificial empathy to genetic engineering and morally autonomous artificial intelligence, collectively exposing a sustained dismantling of human exceptionalism. Rather than endorsing technological progress, these narratives foreground humanity's ethical precariousness and existential vulnerability within technologically saturated environments. This paper contends that dystopian posthuman fiction extends beyond speculative projections of humanity's demise to offer a critical interrogation of humanist ideology itself, gesturing toward a posthuman condition in which established notions of autonomy, morality, and emotional depth become increasingly unstable.

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 Keywords

Posthuman Futures: Robots, Cyborgs, and the Collapse of Humanity in the Dystopian Fictional World.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

This project is a smart system that reads and understands documents for you, so you don't have to do it manually. You provide a file, whether it's a PDF, Word document, image, or plain text, and it automatically reads it. It identifies the content, sorts it into the right category, and creates a summary. If you have a question about the document, you can ask, and the system will respond based on the content. It also shows useful visuals, like which words appear most often and how confident it is about its analysis. Everything can be downloaded as an Excel report for further use. This system is designed for students, researchers, and professionals who handle a lot of documents every day. Instead of spending hours reading and organizing, you get the key information quickly and easily.

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 Keywords

Artificial Intelligence, Natural Language Processing, Document Summarization, Machine Learning, OCR, Deep Learning, Transformer Models, Generative AI.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Yauvanpidika (also called Tarunyapitika / Mukhadushika in classical Ayurvedic texts) corresponds closely to acne vulgaris of modern dermatology. This review summarizes classical Ayurvedic descriptions, proposed pathogenesis and treatment principles, and compares them with contemporary Science . Two main kinds of chikitsa are described i.e. Shodhana chikitsa and Shamana Chikitsa in Ayurveda treatment for Yauvanpidika. This article aims to emphasize the details of Yauvanpidika with Acne Vulgaris.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Yauvanpidika, Acne vulgaris, Ayurveda

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Microballoons, Floating, Effervescence, Controlled release, Delayed transit.

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Abstract

Errors are an integral part of language learning; it is the result of linguistic incompetency or lack of knowledge. The present study aims to find the common grammatical errors and type of errors the students make in their writing. The study is qualitative in nature. The researcher adopted random sampling for the study. The sample of the study comprised of 80 students from class 8. The tool used for collecting data was a set of test items consisting of two test items for free writing, viz. Paragraph writing and essay writings. The data collected was analyzed and interpreted using descriptive method and frequency of errors using simple statistical tools like percentage. It was found that students committed 1271 errors in total. The findings also showed that students made frequent errors in the use of Tense, punctuation, preposition, number (singular/plural), verb, article, conjunction, pronoun, Spelling, capital letters, word choice and sentence construction.

Licence: creative commons attribution 4.0

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition

 Keywords

Error Analysis, common grammatical errors, Frequency

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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 and The Open Definition